support preload and prefetch of css

Describe the bug

Vite does not currently support the use of preload and prefetch tags for CSS files, despite the benefits of using these values. It seems they are removed when built, this is mainly due to vite splitting up assets into assets and stylesheet references, with the stylesheet references only the URL is kept, most of the time if there is a preload tag there is a stylesheet tag in the head, which means there are duplicate URLs and are eventually eliminated.

Reproduction

https://stackblitz.com/edit/vitejs-vite-t1esnp?file=index.html

Steps to reproduce

run npm install && npm run dev (stackblitz should do this automatically)
run npm build

System Info

System:
    OS: Windows 10 10.0.19045
    CPU: (12) x64 Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8086K CPU @ 4.00GHz
    Memory: 5.35 GB / 31.93 GB
  Binaries:
    Node: 18.12.1 - C:\Program Files\nodejs\node.EXE
    Yarn: 3.3.0 - C:\Program Files\nodejs\yarn.CMD
    npm: 8.19.2 - C:\Program Files\nodejs\npm.CMD
  Browsers:
    Edge: Spartan (44.19041.1266.0)
  npmPackages:
    vite: ^4.0.3 => 4.0.3

It didn't detect the browser, but my browser is the latest firefox version (108.01).

Used Package Manager

npm

Logs

No response

Validations

[X] Follow our Code of Conduct
[X] Read the Contributing Guidelines.
[X] Read the docs.
[X] Check that there isn't already an issue that reports the same bug to avoid creating a duplicate.
[X] Make sure this is a Vite issue and not a framework-specific issue. For example, if it's a Vue SFC related bug, it should likely be reported to vuejs/core instead.
[X] Check that this is a concrete bug. For Q&A open a GitHub Discussion or join our Discord Chat Server.
[X] The provided reproduction is a minimal reproducible example of the bug.

vitejs / vite

support preload and prefetch of css #11486