`defineCustomElement` looses provide context configured by `configureApp` on HMR

Vue version

3.5.12

Link to minimal reproduction

https://stackblitz.com/edit/vitejs-vite-kennhm?file=src%2FApp.ce.vue

Steps to reproduce

Open the reproduction link
Remove the comment in App.ce.vue after the app is running

If you create a custom element with defineCustomElement and provide something in the app via configureApp the provided context gets lost when a HMR occurs.

What is expected?

The provide context should be kept

What is actually happening?

The provide context will be lost

System Info

No response

Any additional comments?

This is happening because when the custom element will be mounted a VNode will be created that will be linked to the app via _ceVNode (see https://github.com/vuejs/core/blob/06310e82f5bed62d1b9733dcb18cd8d6edc988de/packages/runtime-dom/src/apiCustomElement.ts#L423). But when a HMR occurs a new VNode will be created (see https://github.com/vuejs/core/blob/06310e82f5bed62d1b9733dcb18cd8d6edc988de/packages/runtime-dom/src/apiCustomElement.ts#L523) which isn't linked to the app anymore and doesn't have its context.

A possible solution would be to link the newly created VNode with the app or to not create a new VNode on every HMR. Here is a snippet of a custom definition of defineCustomElement which I did which worked for me:

const vnode = createVNode(AppComponent, this._props);
// @ts-expect-error: Isn't typed
vnode.ce = (instance: ComponentInternalInstance) => {
    // @ts-expect-error: Isn't typed
    instance.ceReload = (newStyles: string[] | undefined) => {
        styleElements.forEach((styleElement) => {
            this._shadowRoot?.removeChild(styleElement);
        });
        styleElements =
            newStyles?.map((style) => {
                const styleElement = document.createElement("style");
                styleElement.textContent = style;
                this._shadowRoot?.appendChild(styleElement);
                return styleElement;
            }) ?? [];
    };
    instance.emit = (event: string, ...args: unknown[]) => {
        this.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(event, { detail: args }));
    };
};
this._app = createApp(vnode);
this._def.configureApp(this._app);
this._app.mount(rootContainer);

There you first create a VNode with the component and then create the app with the vnode. This way you can set the ce property on the VNode and don't have to create one on every HMR

vuejs / core