"An embedding is a low-dimensional representation of high-dimensional data. Typically, an embedding won’t capture all information contained in the original data. A good embedding, however, will capture enough to solve the problem at hand."
"There exist many embeddings tailored for a particular data structure. For example, you might have heard of word2vec for text data, or Fourier descriptors for shape image data."
https://www.toptal.com/machine-learning/embeddings-in-machine-learning