Apply Prime Number Theorem to difficulty of brute-force cracking RSA with 1024-bit key.
Apply Master Theorem to Merge Sort.
Empirically measure performance of Quick Sort by adding r-l to a counter. See how you can influence the performance of Quick Sort by biasing the input.
Make up your own PRNG and then apply any of Knuth's methods to assess it's strength?
Write a program to compute a summary route for IPv4 prefixes.
Use only AND, OR, and NOT operations to construct a four-bit adder with overflow.