从源码了解spring MVC

[www1350]

一般要让springmvc生效，我们都在web.xml配上这么一段

  <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

记得以前很早的时候刚开始学java web的时候都是直接继承HttpServlet然后写的，这个当然也不例外，

Servlet接口 包括 public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException;、 public void service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException;、public void destroy();

在DispatcherServlet父类FrameworkServlet

    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        HttpMethod httpMethod = HttpMethod.resolve(request.getMethod());
        if (HttpMethod.PATCH == httpMethod || httpMethod == null) {//因为HttpServlet没有实现对PATCH的支持
            processRequest(request, response);
        }
        else {
            super.service(request, response);
        }
    }

最后根据请求调用的又是FrameworkServlet的

    @Override
    protected final void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        processRequest(request, response);
    }

接下来

protected final void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        Throwable failureCause = null;

        LocaleContext previousLocaleContext = LocaleContextHolder.getLocaleContext();
        LocaleContext localeContext = buildLocaleContext(request);

        RequestAttributes previousAttributes = RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
        ServletRequestAttributes requestAttributes = buildRequestAttributes(request, response, previousAttributes);

        WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);
        asyncManager.registerCallableInterceptor(FrameworkServlet.class.getName(), new RequestBindingInterceptor());

        initContextHolders(request, localeContext, requestAttributes);

        try {
            doService(request, response);
        }
        catch (ServletException ex) {
            failureCause = ex;
            throw ex;
        }
        catch (IOException ex) {
            failureCause = ex;
            throw ex;
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            failureCause = ex;
            throw new NestedServletException("Request processing failed", ex);
        }

        finally {
            resetContextHolders(request, previousLocaleContext, previousAttributes);
            if (requestAttributes != null) {
                requestAttributes.requestCompleted();
            }

            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                if (failureCause != null) {
                    this.logger.debug("Could not complete request", failureCause);
                }
                else {
                    if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
                        logger.debug("Leaving response open for concurrent processing");
                    }
                    else {
                        this.logger.debug("Successfully completed request");
                    }
                }
            }

            publishRequestHandledEvent(request, response, startTime, failureCause);
        }
    }

DispatcherServlet

@Override
    protected void doService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            String resumed = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request).hasConcurrentResult() ? " resumed" : "";
            logger.debug("DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'" + resumed +
                    " processing " + request.getMethod() + " request for [" + getRequestUri(request) + "]");
        }

        // Keep a snapshot of the request attributes in case of an include,
        // to be able to restore the original attributes after the include.
        Map<String, Object> attributesSnapshot = null;
        if (WebUtils.isIncludeRequest(request)) {//javax.servlet.include.request_uri 
            attributesSnapshot = new HashMap<String, Object>();
            Enumeration<?> attrNames = request.getAttributeNames();
            while (attrNames.hasMoreElements()) {
                String attrName = (String) attrNames.nextElement();
                if (this.cleanupAfterInclude || attrName.startsWith("org.springframework.web.servlet")) {
                    attributesSnapshot.put(attrName, request.getAttribute(attrName));
                }
            }
        }

        // Make framework objects available to handlers and view objects.
        request.setAttribute(WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, getWebApplicationContext());
        request.setAttribute(LOCALE_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.localeResolver);
        request.setAttribute(THEME_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.themeResolver);
        request.setAttribute(THEME_SOURCE_ATTRIBUTE, getThemeSource());
//转发 request是不变的，重定向会生成新的request，那传递参数就不能直接用request进行传递。通过FlashMap存储一个请求的输出，当进入另一个请求时作为该请求的输入，典型场景如重定向（POST-REDIRECT-GET模式，1、POST时将下一次需要的数据放在FlashMap；2、重定向；3、通过GET访问重定向的地址，此时FlashMap会把1放到FlashMap的数据取出放到请求中，并从FlashMap中删除；从而支持在两次请求之间保存数据并防止了重复表单提交）。
        FlashMap inputFlashMap = this.flashMapManager.retrieveAndUpdate(request, response);
        if (inputFlashMap != null) {
            request.setAttribute(INPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, Collections.unmodifiableMap(inputFlashMap));
        }
        request.setAttribute(OUTPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, new FlashMap());
        request.setAttribute(FLASH_MAP_MANAGER_ATTRIBUTE, this.flashMapManager);

        try {
            doDispatch(request, response);
        }
        finally {
            if (!WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request).isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
                // Restore the original attribute snapshot, in case of an include.
                if (attributesSnapshot != null) {
                    restoreAttributesAfterInclude(request, attributesSnapshot);
                }
            }
        }
    }

doDispatch

    protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
        HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
        boolean multipartRequestParsed = false;

        WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);

        try {
            ModelAndView mv = null;
            Exception dispatchException = null;

            try {
                processedRequest = checkMultipart(request);//文件上传,返回MultipartHttpServletRequest对象，如果不是则返回原始对象
                multipartRequestParsed = (processedRequest != request);

                // Determine handler for the current request.
                mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);//HandlerMapping找到对应handler
//BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping ：通过对比url和bean的name找到对应的对象 
//SimpleUrlHandlerMapping ：也是直接配置url和对应bean,比BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping功能更多 
//DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping : 主要是针对注解配置@RequestMapping的，已过时 
//RequestMappingHandlerMapping ：取代了上面一个 
                if (mappedHandler == null || mappedHandler.getHandler() == null) {
                    noHandlerFound(processedRequest, response);
                    return;
                }

                // Determine handler adapter for the current request.
//HttpRequestHandlerAdapter ： 要求handler实现HttpRequestHandler接口，该接口的方法为                                                             void handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)也就是  handler必须有一个handleRequest方法 
//SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter：要求handler实现Controller接口，该接口的方法为ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)，也就是本工程采用的 
//AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter ：和上面的DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping配对使用的，也已过时 
//RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : 和上面的RequestMappingHandlerMapping配对使用，针对@RequestMapping 
                HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());//由handler 找到对应的HandlerAdapter

                // Process last-modified header, if supported by the handler.
                String method = request.getMethod();
                boolean isGet = "GET".equals(method);
                if (isGet || "HEAD".equals(method)) {
                    long lastModified = ha.getLastModified(request, mappedHandler.getHandler());
                    if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        logger.debug("Last-Modified value for [" + getRequestUri(request) + "] is: " + lastModified);
                    }
                    if (new ServletWebRequest(request, response).checkNotModified(lastModified) && isGet) {
                        return;
                    }
                }

                               //HandlerInterceptor的preHandle
                if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) {
                    return;
                }

                // 执行 handler.
                mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());

                if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
                    return;
                }

                               //设置一个默认的视图名，用在某些直接返回model的
                applyDefaultViewName(processedRequest, mv);

                                //HandlerInterceptor postHandle
                mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv);
            }
            catch (Exception ex) {
                dispatchException = ex;
            }
            catch (Throwable err) {
                // As of 4.3, we're processing Errors thrown from handler methods as well,
                // making them available for @ExceptionHandler methods and other scenarios.
                dispatchException = new NestedServletException("Handler dispatch failed", err);
            }
            processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, dispatchException);
        }
        catch (Exception ex) {
            triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, ex);
        }
        catch (Throwable err) {
            triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler,
                    new NestedServletException("Handler processing failed", err));
        }
        finally {
            if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
                // Instead of postHandle and afterCompletion
                if (mappedHandler != null) {
                    mappedHandler.applyAfterConcurrentHandlingStarted(processedRequest, response);
                }
            }
            else {
                // Clean up any resources used by a multipart request.
                if (multipartRequestParsed) {
                    cleanupMultipart(processedRequest);
                }
            }
        }
    }

getHandler

    protected HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
        for (HandlerMapping hm : this.handlerMappings) {
            if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                logger.trace(
                        "Testing handler map [" + hm + "] in DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'");
            }
            HandlerExecutionChain handler = hm.getHandler(request);
            if (handler != null) {
                return handler;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

getHandlerAdapter

    protected HandlerAdapter getHandlerAdapter(Object handler) throws ServletException {
        for (HandlerAdapter ha : this.handlerAdapters) {
            if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                logger.trace("Testing handler adapter [" + ha + "]");
            }
//如果适配，就返回HandlerAdapter
            if (ha.supports(handler)) {
                return ha;
            }
        }
        throw new ServletException("No adapter for handler [" + handler +
                "]: The DispatcherServlet configuration needs to include a HandlerAdapter that supports this handler");
    }

processDispatchResult

private void processDispatchResult(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
            HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler, ModelAndView mv, Exception exception) throws Exception {

        boolean errorView = false;

        if (exception != null) {
            if (exception instanceof ModelAndViewDefiningException) {
                logger.debug("ModelAndViewDefiningException encountered", exception);
                mv = ((ModelAndViewDefiningException) exception).getModelAndView();
            }
            else {
                Object handler = (mappedHandler != null ? mappedHandler.getHandler() : null);
                mv = processHandlerException(request, response, handler, exception);
                errorView = (mv != null);
            }
        }

        // Did the handler return a view to render?
        if (mv != null && !mv.wasCleared()) {
            render(mv, request, response);
            if (errorView) {
                WebUtils.clearErrorRequestAttributes(request);
            }
        }
        else {
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                logger.debug("Null ModelAndView returned to DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() +
                        "': assuming HandlerAdapter completed request handling");
            }
        }

        if (WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request).isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
            // Concurrent handling started during a forward
            return;
        }

        if (mappedHandler != null) {
//HandlerInterceptor的afterCompletion
            mappedHandler.triggerAfterCompletion(request, response, null);
        }
    }

protected void render(ModelAndView mv, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        // Determine locale for request and apply it to the response.
        Locale locale = this.localeResolver.resolveLocale(request);
        response.setLocale(locale);

        View view;
        if (mv.isReference()) {
            // 解析视图名
            view = resolveViewName(mv.getViewName(), mv.getModelInternal(), locale, request);
            if (view == null) {
                throw new ServletException("Could not resolve view with name '" + mv.getViewName() +
                        "' in servlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'");
            }
        }
        else {
            // No need to lookup: the ModelAndView object contains the actual View object.
            view = mv.getView();
            if (view == null) {
                throw new ServletException("ModelAndView [" + mv + "] neither contains a view name nor a " +
                        "View object in servlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'");
            }
        }

        // Delegate to the View object for rendering.
        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            logger.debug("Rendering view [" + view + "] in DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'");
        }
        try {
            if (mv.getStatus() != null) {
                response.setStatus(mv.getStatus().value());
            }
//这里决定究竟是转发还是重定向,或者说变成其他视图
            view.render(mv.getModelInternal(), request, response);
        }
        catch (Exception ex) {
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                logger.debug("Error rendering view [" + view + "] in DispatcherServlet with name '" +
                        getServletName() + "'", ex);
            }
            throw ex;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void render(Map<String, ?> model, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
            logger.trace("Rendering view with name '" + this.beanName + "' with model " + model +
                " and static attributes " + this.staticAttributes);
        }

        Map<String, Object> mergedModel = createMergedOutputModel(model, request, response);
        prepareResponse(request, response);
        renderMergedOutputModel(mergedModel, getRequestToExpose(request), response);
    }

@Override
    protected void renderMergedOutputModel(Map<String, Object> model, //
                                           HttpServletRequest request, //
                                           HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        Object value = filterModel(model);

        ByteArrayOutputStream outnew = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

        int len = JSON.writeJSONString(outnew, //
                fastJsonConfig.getCharset(), //
                value, //
                fastJsonConfig.getSerializeConfig(), //
                fastJsonConfig.getSerializeFilters(), //
                fastJsonConfig.getDateFormat(), //
                JSON.DEFAULT_GENERATE_FEATURE, //
                fastJsonConfig.getSerializerFeatures());

        if (this.updateContentLength) {
            // Write content length (determined via byte array).
            response.setContentLength(len);
        }

        // Flush byte array to servlet output stream.
        ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
        outnew.writeTo(out);
        outnew.close();
        out.flush();
    }

HandlerExecutionChain

1请求对应的控制器 2拦截器

    boolean applyPreHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = getInterceptors();
        if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
            for (int i = 0; i < interceptors.length; i++) {
                HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
                if (!interceptor.preHandle(request, response, this.handler)) {
                    triggerAfterCompletion(request, response, null);
                    return false;
                }
                this.interceptorIndex = i;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    void applyPostHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, ModelAndView mv) throws Exception {
        HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = getInterceptors();
        if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
            for (int i = interceptors.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
                interceptor.postHandle(request, response, this.handler, mv);
            }
        }
    }

    void triggerAfterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Exception ex)
            throws Exception {

        HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = getInterceptors();
        if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
            for (int i = this.interceptorIndex; i >= 0; i--) {
                HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
                try {
                    interceptor.afterCompletion(request, response, this.handler, ex);
                }
                catch (Throwable ex2) {
                    logger.error("HandlerInterceptor.afterCompletion threw exception", ex2);
                }
            }
        }
    }

HandlerAdapter

初始化：

private void initHandlerAdapters(ApplicationContext context) {
        this.handlerAdapters = null;

        if (this.detectAllHandlerAdapters) {
            // Find all HandlerAdapters in the ApplicationContext, including ancestor contexts.
            Map<String, HandlerAdapter> matchingBeans =
                    BeanFactoryUtils.beansOfTypeIncludingAncestors(context, HandlerAdapter.class, true, false);
            if (!matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
                this.handlerAdapters = new ArrayList<HandlerAdapter>(matchingBeans.values());
                // We keep HandlerAdapters in sorted order.
                AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(this.handlerAdapters);
            }
        }
        else {
            try {
                HandlerAdapter ha = context.getBean(HANDLER_ADAPTER_BEAN_NAME, HandlerAdapter.class);
                this.handlerAdapters = Collections.singletonList(ha);
            }
            catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
                // Ignore, we'll add a default HandlerAdapter later.
            }
        }

        // Ensure we have at least some HandlerAdapters, by registering
        // default HandlerAdapters if no other adapters are found.
        if (this.handlerAdapters == null) {
            this.handlerAdapters = getDefaultStrategies(context, HandlerAdapter.class);
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                logger.debug("No HandlerAdapters found in servlet '" + getServletName() + "': using default");
            }
        }
    }

AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter#handle

    @Override
    public final ModelAndView handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
            throws Exception {

        return handleInternal(request, response, (HandlerMethod) handler);
    }

@Override
    protected ModelAndView handleInternal(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response, HandlerMethod handlerMethod) throws Exception {

        ModelAndView mav;
//检查request是支持的method和是否需要session
        checkRequest(request);

        //如果session级别，则同步
        if (this.synchronizeOnSession) {
            HttpSession session = request.getSession(false);
            if (session != null) {
                Object mutex = WebUtils.getSessionMutex(session);
                synchronized (mutex) {
                    mav = invokeHandlerMethod(request, response, handlerMethod);
                }
            }
            else {
                // No HttpSession available -> no mutex necessary
                mav = invokeHandlerMethod(request, response, handlerMethod);
            }
        }
        else {
            // No synchronization on session demanded at all...
            mav = invokeHandlerMethod(request, response, handlerMethod);
        }

        if (!response.containsHeader(HEADER_CACHE_CONTROL)) {
            if (getSessionAttributesHandler(handlerMethod).hasSessionAttributes()) {
                applyCacheSeconds(response, this.cacheSecondsForSessionAttributeHandlers);
            }
            else {
                prepareResponse(response);
            }
        }

        return mav;
    }

protected ModelAndView invokeHandlerMethod(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response, HandlerMethod handlerMethod) throws Exception {

        ServletWebRequest webRequest = new ServletWebRequest(request, response);
        try {
            WebDataBinderFactory binderFactory = getDataBinderFactory(handlerMethod);
            ModelFactory modelFactory = getModelFactory(handlerMethod, binderFactory);

            ServletInvocableHandlerMethod invocableMethod = createInvocableHandlerMethod(handlerMethod);
            invocableMethod.setHandlerMethodArgumentResolvers(this.argumentResolvers);
            invocableMethod.setHandlerMethodReturnValueHandlers(this.returnValueHandlers);
            invocableMethod.setDataBinderFactory(binderFactory);
            invocableMethod.setParameterNameDiscoverer(this.parameterNameDiscoverer);

            ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer = new ModelAndViewContainer();
            mavContainer.addAllAttributes(RequestContextUtils.getInputFlashMap(request));
            modelFactory.initModel(webRequest, mavContainer, invocableMethod);
            mavContainer.setIgnoreDefaultModelOnRedirect(this.ignoreDefaultModelOnRedirect);

            AsyncWebRequest asyncWebRequest = WebAsyncUtils.createAsyncWebRequest(request, response);
            asyncWebRequest.setTimeout(this.asyncRequestTimeout);

            WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);
            asyncManager.setTaskExecutor(this.taskExecutor);
            asyncManager.setAsyncWebRequest(asyncWebRequest);
            asyncManager.registerCallableInterceptors(this.callableInterceptors);
            asyncManager.registerDeferredResultInterceptors(this.deferredResultInterceptors);

            if (asyncManager.hasConcurrentResult()) {
                Object result = asyncManager.getConcurrentResult();
                mavContainer = (ModelAndViewContainer) asyncManager.getConcurrentResultContext()[0];
                asyncManager.clearConcurrentResult();
                if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    logger.debug("Found concurrent result value [" + result + "]");
                }
                invocableMethod = invocableMethod.wrapConcurrentResult(result);
            }
//最重要的地方，执行
            invocableMethod.invokeAndHandle(webRequest, mavContainer);
            if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
                return null;
            }

            return getModelAndView(mavContainer, modelFactory, webRequest);
        }
        finally {
            webRequest.requestCompleted();
        }
    }

ServletInvocableHandlerMethod

public void invokeAndHandle(ServletWebRequest webRequest,
            ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer, Object... providedArgs) throws Exception {

        Object returnValue = invokeForRequest(webRequest, mavContainer, providedArgs);
        setResponseStatus(webRequest);

        if (returnValue == null) {
            if (isRequestNotModified(webRequest) || hasResponseStatus() || mavContainer.isRequestHandled()) {
                mavContainer.setRequestHandled(true);
                return;
            }
        }
        else if (StringUtils.hasText(this.responseReason)) {
            mavContainer.setRequestHandled(true);
            return;
        }

        mavContainer.setRequestHandled(false);
        try {
            this.returnValueHandlers.handleReturnValue(
                    returnValue, getReturnValueType(returnValue), mavContainer, webRequest);
        }
        catch (Exception ex) {
            if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                logger.trace(getReturnValueHandlingErrorMessage("Error handling return value", returnValue), ex);
            }
            throw ex;
        }
    }

public Object invokeForRequest(NativeWebRequest request, ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer,
            Object... providedArgs) throws Exception {

        Object[] args = getMethodArgumentValues(request, mavContainer, providedArgs);
        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("Invoking [");
            sb.append(getBeanType().getSimpleName()).append(".");
            sb.append(getMethod().getName()).append("] method with arguments ");
            sb.append(Arrays.asList(args));
            logger.trace(sb.toString());
        }
        Object returnValue = doInvoke(args);
        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
            logger.trace("Method [" + getMethod().getName() + "] returned [" + returnValue + "]");
        }
        return returnValue;
    }

protected Object doInvoke(Object... args) throws Exception {
        ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(getBridgedMethod());
        try {
//通过反射
            return getBridgedMethod().invoke(getBean(), args);
        }
        catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
            assertTargetBean(getBridgedMethod(), getBean(), args);
            String message = (ex.getMessage() != null ? ex.getMessage() : "Illegal argument");
            throw new IllegalStateException(getInvocationErrorMessage(message, args), ex);
        }
        catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
            // Unwrap for HandlerExceptionResolvers ...
            Throwable targetException = ex.getTargetException();
            if (targetException instanceof RuntimeException) {
                throw (RuntimeException) targetException;
            }
            else if (targetException instanceof Error) {
                throw (Error) targetException;
            }
            else if (targetException instanceof Exception) {
                throw (Exception) targetException;
            }
            else {
                String msg = getInvocationErrorMessage("Failed to invoke controller method", args);
                throw new IllegalStateException(msg, targetException);
            }
        }
    }

HandlerMapping

题外，这个是如何初始化的：

private void initHandlerMappings(ApplicationContext context) {
        this.handlerMappings = null;

        if (this.detectAllHandlerMappings) {//判断是否默认添加所有的HandlerMappings,初始值是默认添加的
            // Find all HandlerMappings in the ApplicationContext, including ancestor contexts.
            Map<String, HandlerMapping> matchingBeans =
                    BeanFactoryUtils.beansOfTypeIncludingAncestors(context, HandlerMapping.class, true, false);
            if (!matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
                this.handlerMappings = new ArrayList<HandlerMapping>(matchingBeans.values());
                // 通过@order注解去排序
                AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(this.handlerMappings);
            }
        }
//如果不是默认添加所有的，那么就去context中找一个声明的bean
        else {
            try {
                HandlerMapping hm = context.getBean(HANDLER_MAPPING_BEAN_NAME, HandlerMapping.class);
                this.handlerMappings = Collections.singletonList(hm);
            }
            catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
                // Ignore, we'll add a default HandlerMapping later.
            }
        }

        // Ensure we have at least one HandlerMapping, by registering
        // a default HandlerMapping if no other mappings are found.
//如果上面两步没有找到可以使用的handlerMapping，那么就采用默认的handlerMapping
        //默认的HandlerMapping都定义在了DispatcherServlet.properties中，大致定义了如下两个
        if (this.handlerMappings == null) {
            this.handlerMappings = getDefaultStrategies(context, HandlerMapping.class);
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                logger.debug("No HandlerMappings found in servlet '" + getServletName() + "': using default");
            }
        }
    }