Refactor `AbstractSchema::getDataType()`

[Tigrov]

Q	A
Is bugfix?	❌
New feature?	❌
Breaks BC?	❌
Fixed issues	-

[what-the-diff[bot]]

PR Summary

• Introduction of a Changelog Entry A new record has been added to the changelog documentation, detailing the modification of a critical programming function, specifically AbstractSchema::getDataType() (linked to improvement request #786).

• Optimization of the getDataType() Function The getDataType() function within the AbstractSchema.php file has been restructured to utilize a match expression which is a simplified and efficient way to handle multiple conditions. This replaces the prior method of using an array mapping, which results in cleaner and easy-to-maintain code.

• Removal of Redundant Case for PHP_TYPE_STRING A specific case for handling PHP_TYPE_STRING within the getDataType() function has been removed. This is due to the function's redesign, which now effectively manages such scenarios using a default case. This declutters the code and eliminates redundancy.

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests :white_check_mark:

Comparison is base (f655cb7) 98.88% compared to head (dbb35ec) 99.64%.

:exclamation: Current head dbb35ec differs from pull request most recent head 5854fb7. Consider uploading reports for the commit 5854fb7 to get more accurate results

Additional details and impacted files

```diff @@ Coverage Diff @@ ## master #786 +/- ## ============================================ + Coverage 98.88% 99.64% +0.75% - Complexity 1271 1272 +1 ============================================ Files 63 63 Lines 3060 3059 -1 ============================================ + Hits 3026 3048 +22 + Misses 34 11 -23 ```

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