Scientific Data Base

Grant Hutchison

Supplied the correct orientations for the major planets, their moons, and a
number of asteroids and also worked on these data files:
    solarsys.ssc, nearstars.stc, extrasolar.ssc, extrasolar.stc, earth_locs.ssc

Fridger Schrempp

Complete NGC/IC galaxy database + local group galaxies (galaxies.dsc)

Database of globular clusters (globulars.dsc)

Database of visual and spectroscopic binaries (visualbins.stc,
spectbins.stc)

World-capitals.ssc

Asterisms.dat

Andrew Tribick

Significant update of the star database based on Gaia EDR3 data
(see: https://github.com/ajtribick/celestia-gaia-stardb);
licensed under CC-BY-SA 4.0.

CHARM2 stellar radii (charm2.stc)

Open cluster catalog (openclusters.dsc)

LukeCEL

Complete update of nearstars.stc

Thomas Tarrants (Sirius_Alpha)

Updated exoplanet catalogue (extrasolar.stc, extrasolar.ssc)

Askaniy

Updated location files (https://github.com/Askaniy/CelestiaLocationsMaker)

SevenSpheres

Substantial additions and improvements to starnames.dat and other data files

Pulsar catalog (https://github.com/SevenSpheres/atnf-pulsars)

Texture maps

Askaniy (https://www.deviantart.com/askaniy)

Textures of Phobos, Jupiter, Ganymede, Saturn, Uranus, Puck, Neptune, Triton, Pluto, Charon, Nix, Hydra, Ryugu, Bennu, and Arrokoth.

Haumea's (fictional) ring texture is by Askaniy.

The Callisto texture was made by Askaniy from JVV's texture.

FarGetaNik (https://www.deviantart.com/fargetanik)

Stars: O, B, A star textures derived from SDO images of a Sun without spots F, G, K star textures derived from SDO images featuring spots L star texture derived from IR images of the Sun by SDO White dwarf texture is a grayscale version of the A star texture

Courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams.

M star texture based on images from the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope (SST), operated by the Institute for Solar Physics: https://ttt.astro.su.se/isf/gallery/

The observers for the individual images used are Oddbjorn Engvold, Jun Elin Wiik, Luc Rouppe van der Voort (Oslo); Dan Kiselman, Mats Löfdahl, Göran Scharmer, Kai Langhans, Mats Löfdahl (ISP)

T star texture derived from a fictional texture by John Van Vliet

Mercury: Normal map derived from USGS DEM, details improved with a texture reposted by Kexitt. Surface texture based on USGS color map, gaps filled with larger greyscale map.

Venus: Normal map derived from USGS DEM. Surface texture based on John Van Vliet's addon.

Earth: Surface texture derived from: https://www.earthstartsbeating.com/2019/01/16/mappamondo/ and improved by the specular map derived from Natural Earth II by Tom Patterson http://www.shadedrelief.com/natural3/pages/extra.html Normal map derived from the BMNG datadet. Cloud Texture from the BMNG dataset

Moon: Normal map derived from USGS DEM. Surface texture derived from LRO map posted on the Celestial Matters forum: http://forum.celestialmatters.org/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=800 Improved with the CGI Moon Kit https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4720

Mars: Surface texture based on USGS Viking map, details are from Surveyor data: http://www.msss.com/mgcwg/mgm/ Color and cloud texture extracted from a map on the NASA photojournal, brightness adjusted with the USGS albedo map. Normal map derived from USGS DEM.

Ceres: Texture is a composite of individual color filter maps by NASA, gaps improved by SevenSpheres Normal map derived from USGS DEM.

Jupiter's rings are derived from spacecraft imagery found on the NASA photojournal.

Io's surface texture is derived from USGS maps and JVV's map.

Saturn's ring texture is a composite of data found on Björn Jónsson's site.

Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, Rhea, Iapetus textures are derived from enhanced color maps by Paul Schenk, found on the NASA photojounal. Rhea texture is based on an Albedo map by Björn Jónsson, details added from the JPL map. Tethys and Dione normal maps are derived from models by Rob Gaskell.

Hyperion & Phoebe: Textures derieved from a texture by JVV

Uranus & Neptune's rings are composites of transparency data and Voyager imagery.

Miranda: Texture by Robin Charles Gilbert and shading reduced with the normal map: http://www.robingilbert.com/blog/2017-08-20-atlas-of-miranda/ Normal map derived from a DEM by Paul Schenk

Pluto and Charon normal maps derived from the USGS DEMs.

Vesta: Texture is a composite of individual color filter maps, gaps filled with a shaded texture improved by a normal map made from topography data by USGS. https://sbn.psi.edu/pds/

The Europa texture is by John van Vliet.

Other textures derived from work by JVV are listed above.

Snowfall-The-Cat (https://www.deviantart.com/snowfall-the-cat)

Textures of Larissa (based on Phil Stooke's map) and Proteus.

Grant Hutchison

The Eros map is a shaded relief generated from the NEAR laser rangefinder.

Phil Stooke

Janus, Prometheus and Epimetheus maps are from Phil Stooke.

The Ida and Gaspra photomosaic maps are by Phil Stooke.

The Deimos map is from: Stooke. P., Stooke Small Bodies Maps V3.0. MULTI-SA-MULTI-6-STOOKEMAPS-V3.0. NASA Planetary Data System, 2015. https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/multi_mission/MULTI_SA_MULTI_6_STOOKEMAPS_V3_0/document/00_map_guide.html

Venus's clouds are from Björn Jónsson, recolored by FarGetaNik.

The textures for the Uranian satellites were created by Ivan Rivera from JPL

data. His Celestia page is: http://bruckner.homelinux.net/celestia.html

Amalthea is a shaded relief map by Phil Stooke, colored by Wm. Robert Johnston

(http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/spaceart/cylmaps.html), and further modified by Jens Meyer, Grant Hutchison, and Askaniy.

Earth's night texture created by FarGetaNik from the BMNG dataset and colored

with a night texture by JVV, posted on the Celestia forum: http://celestiaproject.space/forum/viewtopic.php?f=23&t=17477 and further improved by nussun based on a NASA Earth Observatory image: https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/NightLights/page3.php

Titan's surface texture is a composite of Cassini ISS and Radar maps from USGS,

created by FarGetaNik and further modified by Askaniy. Titan's specular texture is by Askaniy. Titan's cloud texture is by Fridger Schrempp, based on resources available from the imaging site (Ciclops) of the Cassini mission http://ciclops.org/

Chariklo's ring texture is by Zemlyanin.

The exoplanet textures (exo-classN and venuslike) and the asteroid.jpg

texture were created by cubicApocalypse, licensed under CC-BY 4.0.

The icymoon.jpg texture was created by trappistplanets based on an image of Methone.

Note on content from JPL

Some content in Celestia, including texture maps and models, comes from JPL websites. That content is subject to the JPL Image Use Policy, a copy of which appears below (as captured on 2020-July-13). The latest version of this policy can be found at https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/imagepolicy/. Also refer to https://space.jpl.nasa.gov/faq.html for clarity on how textures/models are covered.

JPL Image Use Policy

Unless otherwise noted, images and video on JPL public web sites (public

sites ending with a jpl.nasa.gov address) may be used for any purpose

without prior permission, subject to the special cases noted below.

Publishers who wish to have authorization may print this page and

retain it for their records; JPL does not issue image permissions on an

image by image basis.

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By electing to download the material from this web site the user agrees:

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responsible for any loss or expenses resulting from the use of the images,

and you release and hold Caltech harmless from all liability arising from

such use.

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in the caption information for an image, the credit line should be

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telephone (202) 358-1713, fax (202) 358-4331, email bert.ulrich@hq.nasa.gov.

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3D Models

New space bodies models can be found in Greg Frieger's 3D Asteroid Catalogue:

https://space.frieger.com/asteroids/

The individual models are from various sources, listed individually.

The Galileo spacecraft model is by FarGetaNik, based on the NASA model:

https://nasa3d.arc.nasa.gov/detail/jpl-vtad-galileo

The model of Galileo's probe is by Snowfall, originally from here: http://www.celestiamotherlode.net/addon/addon_1644.html

Models of Mars Global Surveyor and Mars Odyssey were created by Shrox:

http://www.shrox.com/

They are included under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0): https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

The Cassini and Huygens models are by Jack Higgins:

http://homepage.eircom.net/~jackcelestia/

The 3D model of ISS is a deconstruction of Andrew Farnaby's

complete ISS model with textures by Bob Hundley. The model represents the ISS as of June 2008 and is a modification of the model that can be found here: http://www.celestiamotherlode.net/catalog/show_addon_details.php?addon_id=1199 ISS model of June 2008 (with Kibo) by krisci3 (modified and converted in order to work with JPG by Ulrich Dickmann, a.k.a. Adirondack)

3D asteroid models of Toutatis, Kleopatra, Geographos, 1998 KY26, Bacchus,

Castalia and Golevka are courtesy of Scott Hudson, Washington State University. Originally found here: http://users.tricity.wsu.edu/~hudson/Research/Asteroids/index.htm On August 20, 2020, Scott Hudson waived the commercial use restrictions on these models, permitting unrestricted use of them.

Models of Phobos and Deimos are from Ernst et al. 2023:

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01814-7

(available at https://sbmt.jhuapl.edu/shared-files/)

The Mimas and Phoebe models are by Rob Gaskell:

https://sbn.psi.edu/pds/resource/mimasshape.html
https://sbn.psi.edu/pds/resource/phoebeshape.html

3D models of Amalthea, Thebe, Larissa, Proteus, Vesta, Ida, Gaspra and Halley

are derived from Phil Stooke's Cartography of Non-Spherical Worlds. https://sbn.psi.edu/pds/resource/stkshape.html

Models of Pan, Daphnis, Atlas, Prometheus, Pandora, Epimetheus, Janus,

Telesto, Calypso, Helene, and Hyperion are from: https://sbn.psi.edu/pds/resource/saturnsatshapes.html

The Vesta model is from:

https://sbn.psi.edu/pds/resource/dawn/dwnvfcshape.html

The 3D model of Eros was prepared from the NEAR laser rangefinder shape model.

The Puck model is by Askaniy.

The Nix and Hydra models are by Simon Porter:

https://figshare.com/articles/online_resource/Shape_Model_of_Nix/12779948
https://figshare.com/articles/online_resource/Shape_Model_of_Hydra/12779975

The Ryugu model is from:

https://www.darts.isas.jaxa.jp/pub/hayabusa2/paper/Watanabe_2019/README.html

Bennu's model is a simplified version of the OLA v20 PTM shape model from NASA's

Scientific Visualization Studio: https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5069

The Arrokoth model was converted to cmod from the Spencer et al. 2020 model:

https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.11485443

Models of Didymos and Dimorphos come from the DART Shapemodel Archive Bundle at PDS:

https://pdssbn.astro.umd.edu/holdings/pds4-dart_shapemodel-v1.0/SUPPORT/dataset.shtml

The Psyche model is from Shepard et al. 2021: https://doi.org/10.3847/PSJ/abfdba

Models of asteroids Pallas, Juno, Iris, Hygiea, Eugenia, Sylvia, Elektra,

Kleopatra, and Interamnia are based on VLT/SPHERE imaging: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202141781 The original models are available here: https://observations.lam.fr/astero/