+TITLE: Greenland Ice Sheet borehole temperature profiles

+AUTHOR: Ken Mankoff

+EMAIL: kdm@geus.dk

+DATE: {{{time(%Y-%m-%d)}}}

+DESCRIPTION:

+KEYWORDS:

+OPTIONS: H:4 num:4 toc:2 \n:nil ::t |:t ^:{} -:t f:t *:t <:t

+EXCLUDE_TAGS: noexport

+ARCHIVE: ::* Archive

• Table of contents :toc_2:noexport:

• [[#introduction][Introduction]]

• [[#citation][Citation]]

  • [[#publication][Publication]]
  • [[#data][Data]]

• [[#data-access][Data access]]

• [[#database-format][Database format]]

  • [[#inputs][Inputs]]
  • [[#outputs][Outputs]]
  • [[#metadata][Metadata]]

• [[#how-to-contribute][How to contribute]]

• [[#graphics][Graphics]]

• Introduction

This is a collection of all Greenland ice borehole temperature profiles we have been able to find. Secondary data, useful to use the temperature profile, is also included when available.

• Citation

** Publication

+BEGIN_EXAMPLE

@article{loekkegaard_2023, author = {L{\o}kkegaard, Anja and Mankoff, Kenneth D. and Zdanowicz, Christian and Clow, Gary D. and L\"uthi, Martin P. and Doyle, Samuel H. and Thomsen, Henrik H. and Fisher, David and Harper, Joel and Aschwanden, Andy and Vinther, Bo M. and Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe and Zekollari, Harry and Meierbachtol, Toby and McDowell, Ian and Humphrey, Neil and Solgaard, Anne and Karlsson, Nanna. B and Khan, Shfaqat A. and Hills, Benjamin and Law, Robert and Hubbard, Bryn and Christoffersen, Poul and Jacquemart, Myl`ene and Seguinot, Julien and Fausto, Robert S. and Colgan, William T.}, title = {{G}reenland and {C}anadian {A}rctic ice temperature profiles database}, journal = {The Cryosphere}, year = 2023, volume = 17, number = 9, pages = {3829--3845}, doi = {10.5194/tc-17-3829-2023}, publisher = {Copernicus {GmbH}} }

+END_EXAMPLE

** Data

+BEGIN_EXAMPLE

@misc{mankoff_2022, author = {Mankoff, Ken and Løkkegaard, Anja and Colgan, William and Thomsen, Henrik and Clow, Gary and Fisher, David and Zdanowicz, Christian and L\"{u}thi, Martin P. and Vinther, Bo and MacGregor, Joseph A. and McDowell, Ian and Zekollari, Harry and Meierbachtol, Toby and Doyle, Samuel and Law, Robert and Hills, Benjamin and Harper, Joel and Humphrey, Niel and Hubbard, Bryn and Christoffersen, Poul and Jacquemart, Mylène, and Seguinot, Julien}, title = {{G}reenland and {C}anadian {A}rctic ice temperature profiles database}, year = 2022, doi = {10.22008/FK2/3BVF9V}, publisher = {GEUS Dataverse}}

+END_EXAMPLE

• Data access

• See the GEUS Dataverse at https://doi.org/10.22008/FK2/3BVF9V

• Database format

** Inputs

Profiles are provided by archived data, shared via personal communication, tables in publications, or digitized from graphics in publications. When profiles are available only graphically in publications, we digitize these using the desktop version of =WebPlotDigitizer= citep:WPD.

Each profile is placed in a folder, where the folder has the same name as the =Borehole ID=. Within each folder the following exist:

• README.org :: Overview of data.
• meta.bsv :: Metadata, in bar (|) separated value format.
• data.csv :: Temperature profile, in CSV format in =d,t= order.

Other files may exist. These include:

• =PNG= and =tar= files, where the =PNG= file is a graphic from a publication, and the =tar= file is the =WebPlotDigitizer= archive that contains the digitization process.
• =TXT=, =CSV=, or other files if the data was provided (online or via email) in a format that needed to be processed into the =data.csv= format described above
• =Python= or =Bash= script files if processing was done to generate the =data.csv= file. Note - source code is often embedded in each =README.org= rather than in an external script.

** Outputs

The output of this work is in the [[./data/]] sub-folder:

• [[./data/meta.csv]] :: Metadata for each borehole.
• [[./data/temperature.csv]] :: Temperature profiles on a common scale, all to the depth (first column) of the deepest profile. NaN marks locations without data. -999 marks locations below bedrock (for all but the deepest profile).
• [[./data/temperature_dnorm.csv]] :: The same data as [[./data/temperature.csv]] but the first column is normalized depth, from the ice sheet surface (0) to the bed (1).

** Metadata

Metadata for each profile includes:

+BEGIN_SRC bash :results verbatim :exports results

head -n1 ./data/meta.csv | tr ',' '\n'

+END_SRC

+RESULTS:

+begin_example

Borehole ID Place name Geographic location Ice type Data Source Data DOI Science Source Science DOI Date Longitude [°E] Latitude [°N] Location Source Depth of top measurement [m] Depth of bottom measurement [m] Ice thickness [m] Coverage [% of thickness] Ice thickness source Velocity [m/yr] Note

+end_example

• How to contribute

• If you have an ice temperature profile, open an [[https://github.com/GEUS-Glaciology-and-Climate/greenland_ice_borehole_temperature_profiles/issues][issue]] and let us know.

• Graphics

+CAPTION: Temperature profiles from the surface

[[./fig/temperature.png]]

+CAPTION: Temperature profiles on a normalized depth scale

[[./fig/temperature_dnorm.png]]