Find all code and samples at this location: [https://github.com/GoateePFE/ADCSTemplate/]()
A PowerShell module for exporting, importing, removing, permissioning, publishing Active Directory Certificate Templates. It also includes a DSC resource for creating AD CS templates using these functions. This was built with the intent of using DSC for rapid lab builds, but it could also be used in production environments to move templates between AD CS environments.
Aren't you tired of using the Active Directory Certificate Services graphical interface to create and publish new certificate templates? Me too! I can build a domain controller and certificate server with DSC, but then I get stuck with manually creating the custom certificate templates for my environment. A popular example is the Document Encryption certificate used for DSC credential encryption and the CMS encryption cmdlets. You probably have some custom certificate templates unique to your company as well. No more right click, duplicate, permission, publish!
The ADCSTemplate module contains the following PowerShell functions:
And the following DSC resource:
This is a simple outline of the procedure to export and import your templates. Yes, you must create it manually at least once.
Install-Module ADCSTemplate
Export-ADCSTemplate -DisplayName foo > .\foo.json
Install-Module ADCSTemplate
New-ADCSTemplate -DisplayName foo2 -JSON (Get-Content .\foo.json -Raw) -Publish -Identity Contoso\MyGroup
ADCSTemplate
DSC Resource with the JSON string data to define the template. This is most easily accomplished using a ConfigurationData block to pass the large string. See the sample provided.If you want to duplicate an existing template on the same server try this:
New-ADCSTemplate -DisplayName NewTemplateName -JSON (Export-ADCSTemplate -DisplayName OldTemplateName)
If you want to export all templates try this:
(Get-ADCSTemplate).DisplayName | ForEach-Object {"Exporting $_"; Export-ADCSTemplate -DisplayName $_ | Out-File .\$_.json -Force}
See the module function help texts for many clever use cases for this code, including a bonus function for creating a PSDrive to browse the objects in AD without using the GUI.
See the \Examples directory for
Demo.ps1
showing popular use cases of the functions together.Build-ADCS.ps1
DSC example for a full Active Directory domain controller build with Certificate Services and two sample templates.PowerShellCMS.json
a sample JSON output file you can use to create templates for PowerShell Cryptographic Message Syntax cmdlets and encryption credentials in DSC.Created by Ashley McGlone
2017-2018
Returns a JSON string with the properties of an Active Directory certificate template.
Returns a JSON string with the properties of an Active Directory certificate template. By default returns only the PKI-related properties of the object. These properties are sufficient for passing to the New-ADCSTemplate function.
-DisplayName
Required? true
Position? 1
Default value
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
-Server
Required? false
Position? 2
Default value (Get-ADDomainController -Discover -ForceDiscover -Writable).HostName[0]
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
-Detailed [
Required? false
Position? named
Default value False
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
C.R.U.D. AD CS Template Operations in this module. No longer have to use the cert GUI to clone a template and build a new one. Create one manually the first time in the GUI, then export it to JSON. Pass the JSON in your new environment (file, here string, DSC, etc.) to build from scratch. Requires Enterprise Administrator permissions, since this touches the AD Configuration partition.
-------------------------- EXAMPLE 1 --------------------------
PS C:\> Export-ADCSTemplate -DisplayName PowerShellCMS
-------------------------- EXAMPLE 2 --------------------------
PS C:\> Export-ADCSTemplate -DisplayName PowerShellCMS -Detailed
-------------------------- EXAMPLE 3 --------------------------
PS C:\> ### Backup all the templates to JSON
md C:\ADCSTemplates -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
cd C:\ADCSTemplates
(Get-ADCSTemplate).name | ForEach-Object {"Exporting $_"; Export-ADCSTemplate -DisplayName $_ | Out-File .\$_.json -Force}
dir
-------------------------- EXAMPLE 4 --------------------------
PS C:\> New-ADCSTemplate -DisplayName PowerShellCMS-NEW -JSON (Export-ADCSTemplate -DisplayName PowerShellCMS-OLD)
Returns the properties of either a single or all Active Directory Certificate Template(s).
Returns the properties of either a single or list of Active Directory Certificate Template(s) depending on whether a DisplayName parameter was passed.
-DisplayName
Required? false
Position? 1
Default value
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
-Server
Required? false
Position? named
Default value (Get-ADDomainController -Discover -ForceDiscover -Writable).HostName[0]
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
Requires Enterprise Administrator permissions, since this touches the AD Configuration partition.
-------------------------- EXAMPLE 1 --------------------------
PS C:\> Get-ADCSTemplate
-------------------------- EXAMPLE 2 --------------------------
PS C:\> Get-ADCSTemplate -DisplayName PowerShellCMS
-------------------------- EXAMPLE 3 --------------------------
PS C:\> Get-ADCSTemplate | Sort-Object Name | ft Name, Created, Modified
-------------------------- EXAMPLE 4 --------------------------
PS C:\> ###View template permissions
(Get-ADCSTemplate pscms).nTSecurityDescriptor
(Get-ADCSTemplate pscms).nTSecurityDescriptor.Sddl
(Get-ADCSTemplate pscms).nTSecurityDescriptor.Access
ConvertFrom-SddlString -Sddl (Get-ADCSTemplate pscms).nTSecurityDescriptor.sddl -Type ActiveDirectoryRights
Maps a PowerShell drive to the Active Directory Certificate Services location.
Maps a PowerShell drive to the Active Directory Certificate Services location of the Configuration partition under CN=Public Key Services,CN=Services,... . The new drive is ADCS:. This is purely for convenience of checking the objects updated by functions in the ADCSTemplate module.
-Server
Required? false
Position? 1
Default value (Get-ADDomainController -Discover -ForceDiscover -Writable).HostName[0]
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
Requires Enterprise Administrator permissions, since this touches the AD Configuration partition.
-------------------------- EXAMPLE 1 --------------------------
PS C:\> New-ADCSDrive
PS C:\> Set-Location ADCS:
-------------------------- EXAMPLE 2 --------------------------
PS C:\> ### Explore templates with drive
New-ADCSDrive
Get-PSDrive
cd ADCS:
dir
# List templates
cd '.\CN=Certificate Templates'
dir
dir | fl *
dir *WebServer*
# list CAs
cd \
cd '.\CN=Enrollment Services'
dir
cd C:
Creates a new Active Directory Certificate Services template based on a JSON export.
Creates a new Active Directory Certificate Services template based on a JSON export. Optionally can permission and publish the template (best practice).
-DisplayName
Required? true
Position? 1
Default value
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
-JSON
Required? true
Position? 2
Default value
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
-Server
Required? false
Position? 3
Default value (Get-ADDomainController -Discover -ForceDiscover -Writable).HostName[0]
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
-Identity <String[]> String or string array of Active Directory identities (users or groups). This is optional for permissioning the template.
Required? false
Position? 4
Default value
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
-AutoEnroll [
Required? false
Position? named
Default value False
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
-Publish [
Required? false
Position? named
Default value False
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
This function does not use the official (complicated) API for PKI management. Instead it creates the exact same AD objects that are generated by the API, including AD forest-specific OIDs. Requires Enterprise Administrator permissions, since this touches the AD Configuration partition.
-------------------------- EXAMPLE 1 --------------------------
PS C:\> New-ADCSTemplate -DisplayName PowerShellCMS -JSON (Get-Content .\pscms.json -Raw)
-------------------------- EXAMPLE 2 --------------------------
PS C:\> New-ADCSTemplate -DisplayName PowerShellCMS -JSON (Get-Content .\pscms.json -Raw) -Server dc1.contoso.com -Identity G_DSCNodes -AutoEnroll -Publish
# From a client configured for AD CS autoenrollment:
$Req = @{
Template = 'PowerShellCMS'
Url = 'ldap:'
CertStoreLocation = 'Cert:\LocalMachine\My'
}
Get-Certificate @Req
# Note: If you have the Carbon module installed, it conflicts with Get-Certificate native cmdlet.
$DocEncrCert = (dir Cert:\LocalMachine\My -DocumentEncryptionCert | Sort-Object NotBefore)[-1]
Protect-CmsMessage -To $DocEncrCert -Content "Encrypted with my new cert from the new template!"
-------------------------- EXAMPLE 3 --------------------------
PS C:\> New-ADCSTemplate -DisplayName PowerShellCMS-NEW -JSON (Export-ADCSTemplate -DisplayName PowerShellCMS-OLD)
Removes a certificate template from Active Directory.
Removes the template from any issuers where it is published. Removes the template itself. Removes the unique OID object of the template.
-DisplayName
Required? true
Position? 1
Default value
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
-Server
Required? false
Position? 2
Default value (Get-ADDomainController -Discover -ForceDiscover -Writable).HostName[0]
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
-WhatIf [
Required? false
Position? named
Default value
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
-Confirm [
Required? false
Position? named
Default value
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
Use with caution! Requires Enterprise Administrator permissions, since this touches the AD Configuration partition.
-------------------------- EXAMPLE 1 --------------------------
PS C:\> Remove-ADCSTemplate -DisplayName PowerShellCMS
-------------------------- EXAMPLE 2 --------------------------
PS C:\> (Get-ADCSTemplate).name | Where-Object {$_ -like "PowerShellCMS*"} | ForEach-Object {Remove-ADCSTemplate -DisplayName $_ -Verbose}
Adds an ACL to an Active Directory Certificate template.
Adds an ACL to an Active Directory Certificate template. Default permission is read (without the Enroll or AutoEnroll switches).
-DisplayName
Required? true
Position? 1
Default value
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
-Server
Required? false
Position? 2
Default value (Get-ADDomainController -Discover -ForceDiscover -Writable).HostName[0]
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
-Type
Required? false
Position? 3
Default value Allow
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
-Identity <String[]> String or string array of Active Directory identities (users or groups)
Required? false
Position? 4
Default value
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
-Enroll [
Required? false
Position? named
Default value False
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
-AutoEnroll [
Required? false
Position? named
Default value False
Accept pipeline input? false
Accept wildcard characters? false
Requires Enterprise Administrator permissions, since this touches the AD Configuration partition.
-------------------------- EXAMPLE 1 --------------------------
PS C:\> Set-ADCSTemplateACL -DisplayName PowerShellCMS -Type Allow -Identity 'CONTOSO\Servers Group' -Enroll
-------------------------- EXAMPLE 2 --------------------------
PS C:\> Set-ADCSTemplateACL -DisplayName PowerShellCMS -Type Allow -Identity 'CONTOSO\Servers Group','CONTOSO\Workstations Group' -Enroll -AutoEnroll
-------------------------- EXAMPLE 3 --------------------------
PS C:\> Set-ADCSTemplateACL -DisplayName PowerShellCMS -Type Deny -Identity 'CONTOSO\Servers Group'