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OpenAPC / openapc-de

Collect and disseminate information on fee-based Open Access publishing
https://treemaps.openapc.net/
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About

The aim of this repository is:

At the moment this project provides the following cost data:

Publication Type Count Aggregated Sum (€) Contributing Institutions
Articles 228,541 455,653,281 439
Monographs 1,996 13,132,824 71

How to access the data?

There are several options. You may simply download the the raw data sets in CSV format, query our OLAP server or use our Treemap site for visual data exploration.

Dataset CSV File OLAP Cube Treemap
articles APC file, data schema APC cube APC treemap
monographs BPC file, data schema BPC cube BPC treemap

Our latest data release can always be accessed via the following DOI:

DOI

Additional Costs

In 2024 OpenAPC started to aggregate additional costs like page charges or submission fees, which may occur in the context of OA publishing aside from APCs. These cost types are considered optional and thus collected in a separate data file, they are linked to a main publication entry using the DOI as primary key. At the moment additional costs are only collected for journal articles.

Dataset Main CSV File Additional Costs File OLAP Cube Treemap
articles APC file APC additional costs APC_AC cube APC_AC Treemap

How to contribute?

Any academic institution or research funder paying for Article Process Charges (APCs) or Book Processing Charges (BPCs) can contribute to OpenAPC, no formal registration is required. This page (German version) explains the details. The following institutions have contributed to OpenAPC so far:

Institutions from Germany

Higher education institutions

Research institutes

Fraunhofer Society

Helmholtz Association

Leibniz Association

Max Planck Society

Other institutions

Institutions from Austria

Institutions from Switzerland

Institutions from Italy

Institutions from Norway

Institutions from Spain

Institutions from Sweden

Institutions from Finland

Institutions from France

Institutions from the United Kingdom

Institutions from the Czech Republic

Institutions from Hungary

Institutions from Serbia

Institutions from Belgium

Institutions from the United States

Institutions from Canada

Institutions from Qatar

Institutions from Malawi

Institutions from Thailand

Institutions from Vietnam

Institutions from Greece

Institutions from the Netherlands

Institutions from Liechtenstein

Institutions from Ireland

Data sets

Note: The following numbers and plots are always based on the latest revision of the OpenAPC data set. The underlying code can be found in the associated R Markdown template.

Articles (APCs)

The article data set contains information on 228,541 open access journal articles being published in fully and hybrid open access journal. Publication fees for these articles were supported financially by 439 research performing institutions and research funders.

In total, article publication fee spending covered by the OpenAPC initiative amounted to € 455,653,281. The average payment was € 1,994 and the median was € 1,844.

166,597 articles in the data set were published in fully open access journals. Total spending on publication fees for these articles amounts to € 298,490,701, including value-added tax; the average payment was € 1,792 (median = € 1,690, SD = € 851).

Hybrid open access journals rely on both publication fees and subscriptions as revenue source. 61,944 articles in the data set were published in hybrid journals. Total expenditure amounts to 157,162,580 €; the average fee was € 2,537 (median = € 2,499, SD = € 1,082).

Spending distribution over fully and hybrid open access journals

Spending distribution details

period OA articles OA mean OA median OA min - max Hybrid Articles Hybrid mean Hybrid median Hybrid min - max
2005 7 858 871 480.0 - 1,350 1 2,983 2,983 2,983.3 - 2,983
2006 52 1,021 1,095 665.0 - 1,340 NA NA NA NA
2007 88 1,081 1,062 870.0 - 1,825 NA NA NA NA
2008 205 1,170 1,025 440.8 - 2,830 1 2,660 2,660 2,660.0 - 2,660
2009 359 1,185 1,060 124.6 - 4,386 NA NA NA NA
2010 401 1,261 1,139 158.8 - 7,419 3 2,318 2,173 2,152.0 - 2,630
2011 777 1,158 1,127 104.8 - 4,666 6 1,781 2,085 552.0 - 2,631
2012 1,577 1,173 1,175 69.0 - 4,498 20 2,308 2,412 997.4 - 2,700
2013 2,473 1,229 1,178 50.0 - 4,574 1,098 2,257 2,260 120.2 - 4,679
2014 5,190 1,375 1,255 40.0 - 9,028 6,523 2,238 2,200 132.3 - 6,000
2015 8,477 1,523 1,451 59.0 - 5,669 6,693 2,609 2,621 126.6 - 8,636
2016 9,845 1,637 1,531 62.5 - 5,985 7,892 2,551 2,514 2.3 - 9,079
2017 14,972 1,701 1,553 8.7 - 14,634 10,641 2,528 2,469 36.9 - 9,858
2018 16,244 1,701 1,583 13.0 - 8,926 9,473 2,551 2,539 1.8 - 9,073
2019 17,535 1,703 1,630 10.7 - 7,684 7,058 2,535 2,499 75.3 - 9,500
2020 21,240 1,717 1,683 0.2 - 8,906 4,474 2,494 2,533 16.6 - 7,416
2021 25,979 1,823 1,792 27.0 - 8,341 3,483 2,549 2,506 30.2 - 11,400
2022 28,594 2,101 1,999 12.4 - 11,175 2,914 2,860 2,725 2.1 - 14,607
2023 11,631 2,241 2,141 17.4 - 9,893 1,487 2,959 2,759 106.4 - 11,895
2024 951 2,432 2,389 179.0 - 7,723 177 3,885 3,306 231.3 - 12,554

Additional Costs for articles

In addition to APCs, additional costs have been reported for 169 articles, totalling € 34,347. The following table shows an overview of the different cost types:

Cost Type Number of Articles Total Sum (€)
colour charge 4 4,179
cover charge 4 5,568
other 126 7,759
page charge 21 15,738
payment fee 12 713
reprint 1 356
submission fee 1 33

This plot shows the cost distribution grouped by publishers. It includes only articles where additional reports have been reported and summarizes both additional costs and APCs for all of them:

Books (BPCs)

The book data set contains information on 1,996 open access books. Publication fees were supported financially by 71 research performing institutions and funders.

In total, book processing charges covered by the OpenAPC initiative amounted to € 13,132,824. The average payment was € 6,580 and the median was € 6,858.

Books can be made Open Access right from the beginning ("frontlist") or only retroactively after having been published traditionally in the first place ("backlist"), which can have a big influence on the paid BPCs.

Spending distribution over frontlist and backlist OA books

Spending distribution details

period Frontlist books mean BPC median BPC BPC min - max Backlist books mean BPC median BPC BPC min - max
2014 62 15,043 16,000 1,663 - 20,000 NA NA NA NA
2015 44 14,676 14,000 8,000 - 20,000 NA NA NA NA
2016 42 12,449 14,000 1,190 - 22,000 NA NA NA NA
2017 184 9,250 8,780 1,075 - 21,000 195 1,981 1,981 1,981 - 1,981
2018 149 8,925 8,250 476 - 21,104 191 1,875 1,875 1,875 - 1,875
2019 173 7,794 8,250 774 - 22,000 194 1,876 1,875 1,875 - 1,981
2020 165 7,469 7,380 802 - 19,200 2 1,235 1,235 595 - 1,875
2021 174 6,974 6,561 595 - 18,000 NA NA NA NA
2022 215 7,656 6,902 1,000 - 50,000 1 3,467 3,467 3,467 - 3,467
2023 188 7,289 6,789 265 - 22,000 7 1,693 1,464 280 - 3,350
2024 10 6,305 6,283 1,300 - 10,710 NA NA NA NA

Use of external sources

Metadata representing publication titles or publisher names is obtained from Crossref in order to avoid extensive validation of records. Cases where we don't re-use information from Crossref to disambiguate the spending metadata are documented here. Moreover, indexing coverage in Europe PMC and the Web of science is automatically checked.

Articles

Source Variable Description
CrossRef publisher Title of Publisher
CrossRef journal_full_title Full title of the journal
CrossRef issn International Standard Serial Numbers (collapsed)
CrossRef issn_print ISSN print
CrossRef issn_electronic ISSN electronic
CrossRef license_ref License of the article
CrossRef indexed_in_crossref Is the article metadata registered with CrossRef? (logical)
EuropePMC pmid PubMed ID
EuropePMC pmcid PubMed Central ID
Web of Science ut Web of Science record ID
DOAJ doaj Is the journal indexed in the DOAJ? (logical)

Books

Source Variable Description
CrossRef publisher Title of Publisher
CrossRef book_title Full Title of a Book
CrossRef isbn International Standard Book Number
CrossRef isbn_print ISBN print
CrossRef isbn_electronic ISBN electronic
CrossRef license_ref License of the article
CrossRef indexed_in_crossref Is the article metadata registered with CrossRef? (logical)
DOAB doab Is the book indexed in the DOAB? (logical)

Indexing coverage

Identifier Coverage (articles) Coverage (Books)
DOI 99.75% 87.78%
PubMed ID 73.76% NA
PubMed Central ID 68.29% NA
Web of Science record ID 72.11% NA

License

The data sets are made available under the Open Database License: http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1.0/. Any rights in individual contents of the database are licensed under the Database Contents License: http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/dbcl/1.0/

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License.

How to cite?

When citing this data set, please indicate the release you are referring to. The releases also contain information on contributors relating to the respective release.

Please do not cite the master branch of the Github repository (https://github.com/OpenAPC/openapc-de/tree/master/), but use the release numbers/tags.

Bielefeld University Library archives a copy (including commit history). To cite:

{Contributors:} Datasets on fee-based Open Access publishing across German Institutions. Bielefeld University. 10.4119/UNIBI/UB.2014.18

Acknowledgement

This project was set up in collaboration with the DINI working group Electronic Publishing. It follows Wellcome Trust example to share data on paid APCs and recognises efforts from JISC and the ESAC initative to standardise APC reporting.

Contributors

Jens Harald Aasheim, Sarah Abusaada, Benjamin Ahlborn, Chelsea Ambler, Magdalena Andrae, Jochen Apel, Karina Barros Ferradás, Myriam Bastin, Hans-Georg Becker, Roland Bertelmann, Daniel Beucke, Manuela Bielow, Jochen Bihn, Peter Blume, Ute Blumtritt, Sabine Boccalini, Stefanie Bollin, Katrin Bosselmann, Valentina Bozzato, Kim Braun, Christoph Broschinski, Paolo Buoso, Cliff Buschhart, Dorothea Busjahn, Pablo de Castro, Ann-Kathrin Christann, Roberto Cozatl, Micaela Crespo Quesada, Amanda Cullin, Patrick Danowski, Gernot Deinzer, Julia Dickel, Andrea Dorner, Stefan Drößler, Karin Eckert, Carsten Elsner, Clemens Engelhardt, Olli Eskola, Katrin Falkenstein-Feldhoff, Ashley Farley, Inken Feldsien-Sudhaus, Silke Frank, Fabian Franke, Claudia Frick, Marléne Friedrich, Paola Galimberti, Agnes Geißelmann, Kai Karin Geschuhn, Silvia Giannini, Marianna Gnoato, Larissa Gordon, Paul Gredler, Steffi Grimm, Ute Grimmel-Holzwarth, Evgenia Grishina, Christian Gutknecht, Birgit Hablizel, Florian Hagen, Uli Hahn, Kristina Hanig, Margit L. Hartung, Dominik Hell, Christina Hemme, Eike Hentschel, Ulrich Herb, Stephanie Herzog, Elfi Hesse, Silke Hillmann, Kathrin Höhner, Dana Horch, Conrad Hübler, Christie Hurrell, Arto Ikonen, Simon Inselmann, Doris Jaeger, Najko Jahn, Alexandra Jobmann, Daniela Jost, Tiina Jounio, Juho Jussila, Nadja Kalinna, Mirjam Kant, Kerstin Klein, Andreas Kennecke, Robert Kiley, Ilka Kleinod, Lydia Koglin, Nives Korrodi, Biljana Kosanovic, Stephanie Kroiß, Gerrit Kuehle, Stefanie Kutz, Marjo Kuusela, Anna Laakkonen, Ignasi Labastida i Juan, Gerald Langhanke, Inga Larres, Sarah Last, Stuart Lawson, Anne Lehto, Sari Leppänen, Camilla Lindelöw, Maria Löffler, Jutta Lotz, Kathrin Lucht-Roussel, Susanne Luger, Ute von Lüpke, Jan Lüth, Frank Lützenkirchen, Steffen Malo, Anna Marini, Manuel Moch, Vlatko Momirovski, Andrea Moritz, Max Mosterd, Marcel Nieme, Anja Oberländer, Martina Obst, Jere Odell, Linda Ohrtmann, Vitali Peil, Gabriele Pendorf, Mikko Pennanen, Dirk Pieper, Tobias Pohlmann, Thomas Porquet, Markus Putnings, Andrée Rathemacher, Rainer Rees-Mertins, Edith Reschke, Ulrike Richter, Katharina Rieck, Friedrich Riedel, Simone Rosenkranz, Florian Ruckelshausen, Steffen Rudolph, Ilka Rudolf, Pavla Rygelová, Lea Satzinger, Annette Scheiner, Isabo Schick, Michael Schlachter, Birgit Schlegel, Andreas Schmid, Barbara Schmidt, Katharina Schulz, Stefanie Seeh, Barbara Senkbeil-Stoffels, Adriana Sikora, Tereza Simandlová, Stefanie Söhnitz, Jana Sonnenstuhl, Lisa Spindler, Susanne Stemmler, Matti Stöhr, Eva Stopková, Marius Stricker, Andrea Stühn, Kálmán Szőke, Linda Thomas, Anne Timm, Laura Tobler, Johanna Tönsing, Marco Tullney, Milan Vasiljevic, Astrid Vieler, Lena Vinnemann, Viola Voß, Christin Wacke, Roland Wagner, Agnieszka Wenninger, Kerstin Werth, Martin Wimmer, Marco Winkler, Sabine Witt, Michael Wohlgemuth, Verena Wohlleben, Qingbo Xu, Philip Young, Esther Zaugg, Miriam Zeunert, Philipp Zumstein

Contact

For bugs, feature requests and other issues, please submit an issue via Github.

For general comments, email openapc at uni-bielefeld.de

Disclaimer

People, who are looking for "Open Advanced Process Control Software" for automation, visualization and process control tasks from home control up to industrial automation, please follow http://www.openapc.com (2015-09-30)