OmniQuant: Omnidirectionally Calibrated Quantization for Large Language Models

[](https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.13137) [](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/za2ptWT1_li99-YmjcXQAg) [](https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/685805699) [](https://github.com/OpenGVLab/OmniQuant/blob/main/LICENCE) [](https://github.com/OpenGVLab/OmniQuant)🔥🔥🔥

OmniQuant is a simple and powerful quantization technique for LLMs. The current release supports:

• OmniQuant algorithm for accurate weight-only quantization (W4A16/W3A16/W2A16) and weight-activation quantization (W6A6, W4A4)
• Pre-trained Omniquant model zoo for LLMs (LLaMA-1&2, LLaMA-2-Chat, OPT, Falcon, Mixtral-7Bx8; load to generate quantized weights).
• A out-of-the-box case that leverages MLC-LLM to run LLaMa-2-Chat (7B/13B) with W3A16g128 quantization on GPUs and mobile phones.

News

• [2024/10] 🔥 We release a new weight-activation quantization algorithm, PrefixQuant, which is the first work to let the performance of static activation quantization surpasses dynamic ones.
• [2024/7] 🔥 We release a new quantization algorithm, EfficientQAT, which realizes quantization-aware training in a time-efficient and memory-efficient manner. Additionally, EfficientQAT is the current SoTA of uniform quantization.
• [2024/1] 🌟 Our OmniQuant paper has been accepted for a Spotlight presentation at ICLR 2024 (only top 5% out of over 7200 submissions)! 🎉 Cheers!
• [2023/12] 🔥 We provide support for Mixtral-8x7B. OmniQuant is capable of achieving near-lossless 4-bit quantization with Mixtral-8x7B-v0.1, which reduces the memory requirement from 87GB to 23GB.
• [2023/09] 🔥 We have expanded support for Falcon. OmniQuant efficiently compresses Falcon-180b from 335G to 65G, with minimal performance loss. Furthermore, this compression allows for Falcon-180b inference on a single A100 80GB GPU. For details, refer to runing_falcon180b_on_single_a100_80g.

Contents

• Install
• Omniquant Model Zoo
• Usage
• Inference with MLC-LLM
• Results
• Citation

Install

conda create -n omniquant python=3.10 -y
conda activate omniquant
git clone https://github.com/OpenGVLab/OmniQuant.git
cd OmniQuant
pip install --upgrade pip 
pip install -e .

We also leverage the kernel from AutoGPTQ to achieve real quantization. So you should also install the bug-fixed AutoGPTQ as follows::

git clone https://github.com/ChenMnZ/AutoGPTQ-bugfix
pip install -v .

OmniQuant Model Zoo

We provide pre-trained Omniquant model zoo for multiple model families, including LLaMa-1&2, LLaMa-2-Chat, OPT.

You can download the pre-trained OmniQuant parameters you need at Huggingface.

Usage

We provide full script to run OmniQuant in ./scripts/. We use LLaMa-7B as an example here:

1. Obtain the channel-wise scales and shifts required for initialization:

   conda install git git-lfs
   git lfs install
   git clone https://huggingface.co/ChenMnZ/act_shifts
   git clone https://huggingface.co/ChenMnZ/act_scales

Optional, we also offer the script that you can generate channel-wise scales and shifts by yourself:

python generate_act_scale_shift.py --model /PATH/TO/LLaMA/llama-7b

2. Weight-only quantization

   
   # W3A16
   CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 python main.py \
   --model /PATH/TO/LLaMA/llama-7b  \
   --epochs 20 --output_dir ./log/llama-7b-w3a16 \
   --eval_ppl --wbits 3 --abits 16 --lwc

W3A16g128

CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 python main.py \ --model /PATH/TO/LLaMA/llama-7b \ --epochs 20 --output_dir ./log/llama-7b-w3a16g128 \ --eval_ppl --wbits 3 --abits 16 --group_size 128 --lwc

3. weight-activation quantization

W4A4

CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 python main.py \ --model /PATH/TO/LLaMA/llama-7b \ --epochs 20 --output_dir ./log/llama-7b-w4a4 \ --eval_ppl --wbits 4 --abits 4 --lwc --let \ --tasks piqa,arc_easy,arc_challenge,boolq,hellaswag,winogrande

4. reproduce evaluation results of our paper

   1\) download the pretrained OmniQuant parameters you want through [Huggingface](https://huggingface.co/ChenMnZ/OmniQuant/tree/main).

   2\) set epoch as 0 and inference with resume, take LLaMa-7B with W3A16g128 quantization as an example:

CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 python main.py \ --model /PATH/TO/LLaMA/llama-7b \ --epochs 0 --output_dir ./log/test \ --eval_ppl --wbits 3 --abits 16 --group_size 128 --lwc \ --resume /PATH/TO/Pretrained/Parameters

More detailed and optional arguments:
- `--model`: the local model path or huggingface format.
- `--wbits`: weight quantization bits.
- `--abits`: activation quantization bits.
- `--group_size`: group size of weight quantization. If no set, use per-channel quantization for weight as default.
- `--lwc`: activate the Learnable Weight Clipping (LWC).
- `--let`: activate the Learnable Equivalent Transformation (LET).
- `--lwc_lr`: learning rate of LWC parameters, 1e-2 as default.
- `--let_lr`: learning rate of LET parameters, 5e-3 as default.
- `--epochs`: training epochs. You can set it as 0 to evaluate pre-trained OmniQuant checkpoints.
- `--nsamples`: number of calibration samples, 128 as default.
- `--eval_ppl`: evaluating the perplexity of quantized models.
- `--tasks`: evaluating zero-shot tasks.
- `--resume`: loading pre-trained OmniQuant parameters.
- `--multigpu`: to inference larger network on multiple GPUs
- `--real_quant`: real quantization, which can see memory reduce. Note that due to the limitations of AutoGPTQ kernels, the real quantization of weight-only quantization can only lead memory reduction, but with slower inference speed.
- `--save_dir`: saving the quantization model for further exploration.

## Runing Quantized Models with MLC-LLM
[MLC-LLM](https://github.com/mlc-ai/mlc-llm) offers a universal deployment solution suitable for various language models across
a wide range of hardware backends, encompassing iPhones, Android phones, and GPUs from NVIDIA, AMD, and Intel. 

We compile the OmniQuant's quantization models through MLC-LLM and offer an out-of-the-box case here. You can see smaller gpu memory usage and inference speedup. Detailed instructions can be found in in [runing_quantized_models_with_mlc_llm.ipynb](./runing_quantized_models_with_mlc_llm.ipynb).

Specially, we also deploy the aforementioned two quantized models into mobile phones through MLC-LLM. You can download the Android app by simply clicking the button below:

[<img src="https://github.com/OpenGVLab/OmniQuant/raw/main/imgs/download.png" width="150"/>](https://github.com/OpenGVLab/OmniQuant/releases/download/v0.0.1/omniquant-mlc-llm.apk)

This app includes three models, `LLaMa-2-7B-Chat-Omniquant-W3A16g128asym`, `LLaMa-2-13B-Chat-Omniquant-W3A16g128asym`, and `LLaMa-2-13B-Chat-Omniquant-W2A16g128asym`. They require at least 4.5G, 7.5G, and 6.0G free RAM, respectively. Note that 2bit quantization has worse performance compared to 3bit quantization as shown in our paper. The inclusion of 2-bit quantization is just an extreme exploration about deploy LLM in mobile phones. Currently, this app is in its demo phase and may experience slower response times, so wait patiently for the generation of response. We have tested this app on Redmi Note 12 Turbo (Snapdragon 7+ Gen 2 and 16G RAM), some examples are provided below:
- LLaMa-2-7B-Chat-Omniquant-W3A16g128asym
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img src="https://github.com/OpenGVLab/OmniQuant/raw/main/imgs/7b_3bit_android.png" width="500" />
</div>

- LLaMa-2-13B-Chat-Omniquant-W3A16g128asym
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img src="https://github.com/OpenGVLab/OmniQuant/raw/main/imgs/13b_3bit_android.png" width="500" />
</div>

- LLaMa-2-13B-Chat-Omniquant-W2A16g128asym
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img src="https://github.com/OpenGVLab/OmniQuant/raw/main/imgs/13b_2bit_android.png" width="500" />
</div>

We also have tested this app on iPhone 14 Pro (A16 Bionic and 6G RAM), some examples are provided below:
- LLaMa-2-7B-Chat-Omniquant-W3A16g128asym
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img src="https://github.com/OpenGVLab/OmniQuant/raw/main/imgs/7b_3bit_iphone.png" width="500" />
</div>

## Results
- OmniQuant achieve SoTA performance in weight-only quantization
![weight_only](imgs/weight_only.png)
- OmniQuant achieve SoTA performance in weight-activation quantization
![weight_activation](imgs/weight_activation.png)
- OmniQuant is generalize, also obatins excellent performance in instruction-tuned models with GPT-4 evaluation
![gpt_4_evaluation](imgs/gpt_4_evaluation.png)
- MLC-LLM can obtain really speedup and memory saving for W4A16/W3A16/W2A16 quantization
![mlc_llm](imgs/mlc_llm.png)

## Related Project
[SmoothQuant: Accurate and Efficient Post-Training Quantization for Large Language Models](https://github.com/mit-han-lab/smoothquant)

[AWQ: Activation-aware Weight Quantization for LLM Compression and Acceleration](https://github.com/mit-han-lab/llm-awq)

[GPTQ: Accurate Post-training Compression for Generative Pretrained Transformers](https://github.com/IST-DASLab/gptq)

[RPTQ: Reorder-Based Post-Training Quantization for Large Language Models](https://github.com/hahnyuan/RPTQ4LLM)

[MLC LLM](https://github.com/mlc-ai/mlc-llm)

[AutoGPTQ](https://github.com/PanQiWei/AutoGPTQ)

## Citation
If you use our OmniQuant approach in your research, please cite our paper:

@article{OmniQuant, title={OmniQuant: Omnidirectionally Calibrated Quantization for Large Language Models}, author={Shao, Wenqi and Chen,Mengzhao and Zhang, Zhaoyang and Xu, Peng and Zhao, Lirui and Li, Zhiqian and Zhang, Kaipeng Zhang, and Gao, Peng, and Qiao, Yu, and Luo, Ping}, journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2308.13137}, year={2023} }