Integrate error handling into Linux installer script

[kooroshkz]

Describe the changes you have made:

This commit adds error-handling functionality to the Linux installer script. Now, if any installation or dependency issues occur during the execution of the Linux installer script, an error message will be displayed so the user can be aware of what should be manually fixed to be able to run our project.

Pre-Submission Checklist (optional but appreciated):

• [x] I have included relevant documentation updates (stored in /docs)
• [x] I have read docs/CONTRIBUTING.md
• [x] I have read docs/ROADMAP.md

OS Tests (optional but appreciated):

• [ ] Tested on Windows
• [ ] Tested on MacOS
• [x] Tested on Linux