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Soulghost / iblessing

iblessing is an iOS security exploiting toolkit, it mainly includes application information gathering, static analysis and dynamic analysis. It can be used for reverse engineering, binary analysis and vulnerability mining.
GNU General Public License v3.0
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exploit ios reverse-engineering scanner vulnerability vulnerability-scanners

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Build Status Releases

iblessing

Features

Support

In case you need support regarding iblessing or anything associated with it, you can:

Changelog

Get started

⚠️⚠️⚠️ Binary Scanners require 12GB of virtual memory space to loading a mach-o file, but won't consume so much. So you need to ensure that the physical memory of your working machine is greater than 12GB, or ensure that allocatable virtual memory is greater than 12GB through the swap file mechanism.

  1. You can download the pre-released iblessing binary and enjoy it.
  2. run chmod +x for the binary
  3. For more tutorails, please check the Documentation & Help below.

How to Use

All in One Binary

Shell Program + Dylib

Develop Your Own Tools based on iblessing Framework

How to Build

CMake

To get started compiling iblessing, please follow the steps below:

git clone --recursive -j4 https://github.com/Soulghost/iblessing
cd iblessing
./compile-cmake.sh

Shortcuts

If there are any errors, you can manully compile capstone and unicorn, then drag libcapstone.a and libunicorn.a to the Xcode project's vendor/libs.

If all of this run successfully, you can find the binary in build directory:

> ls ./build
iblessing

> file ./build/iblessing
./build/iblessing: Mach-O 64-bit executable x86_64

Documentation & Help

Preview

$ iblessing -h

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           ╚═╝╚═════╝ ╚══════╝╚══════╝╚══════╝╚══════╝╚═╝╚═╝  ╚═══╝ ╚═════╝

[***] iblessing iOS Security Exploiting Toolkit Beta 0.1.1 (http://blog.asm.im)
[***] Author: Soulghost (高级页面仔) @ (https://github.com/Soulghost)

Usage: iblessing [options...]
Options:
    -m, --mode             mode selection:
                                * scan: use scanner
                                * generator: use generator
    -i, --identifier       choose module by identifier:
                                * <scanner-id>: use specific scanner
                                * <generator-id>: use specific generator
    -f, --file             input file path
    -o, --output           output file path
    -l, --list             list available scanners
    -d, --data             extra data
    -h, --help             Shows this page

Basic Concepts

Scanner

A scanner is a component used to output analysis report through static and dynamic analysis of binary files, for example, the objc-msg-xref scanner can dynamiclly analyze most objc_msgSend cross references.

[*] Scanner List:
    - app-info: extract app infos
    - objc-class-xref: scan for class xrefs
    - objc-msg-xref: generate objc_msgSend xrefs record
    - predicate: scan for NSPredicate xrefs and sql injection surfaces
    - symbol-wrapper: detect symbol wrappers

Generator

A generator is a component that performs secondary processing on the report generated by the scanner, for example, it can generate IDA scripts based on the the objc-msg-xref scanner's cross references report.

[*] Generator List:
    - ida-objc-msg-xref: generator ida scripts to add objc_msgSend xrefs from objc-msg-xref scanner's report
    - objc-msg-xref-server: server to query objc-msg xrefs
    - objc-msg-xref-statistic: statistics among objc-msg-send reports

Basic Usage

Scan for AppInfos

⚠️ Because some of the dependence on Cocoa has not been lifted (such as bplist parser), it is not currently available on Linux.

> iblessing -m scan -i app-info -f <path-to-app-bundle>

Let's take WeChat as an example:

> iblessing -m scan -i app-info -f WeChat.app
[*] set output path to /opt/one-btn/tmp/apps/WeChat/Payload
[*] input file is WeChat.app
[*] start App Info Scanner
[+] find default plist file Info.plist!
[*] find version info: Name: 微信(WeChat)
Version: 7.0.14(18E226)
ExecutableName: WeChat
[*] Bundle Identifier: com.tencent.xin
[*] the app allows HTTP requests **without** exception domains!
[+] find app deeplinks
 |-- wechat://
 |-- weixin://
 |-- fb290293790992170://
 |-- weixinapp://
 |-- prefs://
 |-- wexinVideoAPI://
 |-- QQ41C152CF://
 |-- wx703://
 |-- weixinULAPI://
[*] find app callout whitelist
 |-- qqnews://
 |-- weixinbeta://
 |-- qqnewshd://
 |-- qqmail://
 |-- whatsapp://
 |-- wxwork://
 |-- wxworklocal://
 |-- wxcphonebook://
 |-- mttbrowser://
 |-- mqqapi://
 |-- mqzonev2://
 |-- qqmusic://
 |-- tenvideo2://
 ...
[+] find 507403 string literals in binary
[*] process with string literals, this maybe take some time
[+] find self deeplinks URLs:
 |-- weixin://opennativeurl/devicerankview
 |-- weixin://dl/offlinepay/?appid=%@
 |-- weixin://opennativeurl/rankmyhomepage
 ...
 [+] find other deeplinks URLs:
 |-- wxpay://f2f/f2fdetail
 |-- file://%@?lang=%@&fontRatio=%.2f&scene=%u&version=%u&type=%llu&%@=%d&qqFaceFolderPath=%@&platform=iOS&netType=%@&query=%@&searchId=%@&isHomePage=%d&isWeAppMore=%d&subType=%u&extParams=%@&%@=%@&%@=%@
 ...
 [*] write report to path /opt/one-btn/tmp/apps/WeChat/Payload/WeChat.app_info.iblessing.txt

> ls -alh 
-rw-r--r--@ 1 soulghost  wheel    29K Jul 23 14:01 WeChat.app_info.iblessing.txt

Scan for Class XREFs

Notice: ARM64 Binaries Only

iblessing -m scan -i objc-class-xref -f <path-to-binary> -d 'classes=<classname_to_scan>,<classname_to_scan>,...'
> restore-symbol WeChat -o WeChat.restored
> iblessing -m scan -i objc-class-xref -f WeChat.restored -d 'classes=NSPredicate'
[*] set output path to /opt/one-btn/tmp/apps/WeChat/Payload
[*] input file is WeChat
[+] detect mach-o header 64
[+] detect litten-endian
[*] start Objc Class Xref Scanner
  [*] try to find _OBJC_CLASS_$_NSPredicate
  [*] Step 1. locate class refs
    [+] find _OBJC_CLASS_$_NSPredicate at 0x108eb81d8
  [*] Step 2. find __TEXT,__text
    [+] find __TEXT,__text at 0x4000
  [*] Step 3. scan in __text
    [*] start disassembler at 0x100004000
    [*] \ 0x1002e1a50/0x1069d9874 (2.71%)   [+] find _OBJC_CLASS_$_NSPredicate ref at 0x1002e1a54
           ...
  [*] Step 4. symbolicate ref addresses
           [+] _OBJC_CLASS_$_NSPredicate -|
           [+] find _OBJC_CLASS_$_NSPredicate ref -[WCWatchNotificationMgr addYoCount:contact:type:] at 0x1002e1a54
           [+] find _OBJC_CLASS_$_NSPredicate ref -[NotificationActionsMgr handleSendMsgResp:] at 0x1003e0e28
           [+] find _OBJC_CLASS_$_NSPredicate ref -[FLEXClassesTableViewController searchBar:textDidChange:] at 0x1004a090c
           [+] find _OBJC_CLASS_$_NSPredicate ref +[GameCenterUtil parameterValueForKey:fromQueryItems:] at 0x1005a823c
           [+] find _OBJC_CLASS_$_NSPredicate ref +[GameCenterUtil getNavigationBarColorForUrl:defaultColor:] at 0x1005a8cd8
           ...

Scan for All objc_msgSend XREFs

Notice: ARM64 Binaries Only

Simple Mode

iblessing -m scan -i objc-msg-xref -f <path-to-binary>

Anti-Wrapper Mode

iblessing -m scan -i objc-msg-xref -f WeChat -d 'antiWrapper=1'

The anti-wrapper mode will detect objc_msgSend wrappers and make transforms, such as:

; __int64 __usercall objc_msgSend_X0_X22_X20@<X0>(void *obj@<X0>, const char *sel@<X22>, id anyObj@<X20>, ...)
objc_msgSend_X0_X22_X20:
MOV             X1, X22
MOV             X2, X20
B               objc_msgSend

Usage Example:

> iblessing -m scan -i objc-msg-xref -f WeChat -d 'antiWrapper=1'
[*] set output path to /opt/one-btn/tmp/apps/WeChat/Payload
[*] input file is WeChat
[+] detect mach-o header 64
[+] detect litten-endian

[*] !!! Notice: enter anti-wrapper mode, start anti-wrapper scanner
[*] start Symbol Wrapper Scanner
  [*] try to find wrappers for_objc_msgSend
  [*] Step1. find __TEXT,__text
    [+] find __TEXT,__text at 0x100004000
    [+] mapping text segment 0x100000000 ~ 0x107cb0000 to unicorn engine
  [*] Step 2. scan in __text
    [*] start disassembler at 0x100004000
    [*] / 0x1069d986c/0x1069d9874 (100.00%)
    [*] reach to end of __text, stop
  [+] anti-wrapper finished

[*] start ObjcMethodXrefScanner Exploit Scanner
  [*] Step 1. realize all app classes
    [*] realize classes 14631/14631 (100.00%)
    [+] get 667318 methods to analyze
  [*] Step 2. dyld load non-lazy symbols
  [*] Step 3. track all calls
    [*] progress: 667318 / 667318 (100.00%)
  [*] Step 4. serialize call chains to file
  [*] saved to /opt/one-btn/tmp/apps/WeChat/Payload/WeChat_method-xrefs.iblessing.txt

> ls -alh WeChat_method-xrefs.iblessing.txt
-rw-r--r--  1 soulghost  wheel    63M Jul 23 14:46 WeChat_method-xrefs.iblessing.txt 

> head WeChat_method-xrefs.iblessing.txt
iblessing methodchains,ver:0.2;
chainId,sel,prefix,className,methodName,prevMethods,nextMethods
182360,0x1008a0ab8,+[A8KeyControl initialize],+,A8KeyControl,initialize,[],[4429#0x1008a1064@4376#0x1008a1050@13769#0x1008a10d0]
182343,0x1008a0ad0,+[A8KeyControl_QueryStringTransferCookie initialize],+,A8KeyControl_QueryStringTransferCookie,initialize,[],[4429#0x1008a1064@4376#0x1008a1050@13769#0x1008a10d0]
145393,0x1008c2220,+[A8KeyResultCookieWriter initWithDomain:weakWebView:andCompleteBlock:],+,A8KeyResultCookieWriter,initWithDomain:weakWebView:andCompleteBlock:,[145386#0x10036367c],[]
145396,0x1008c3df8,+[A8KeyResultCookieWriter setA8KeyCookieExpireTime:],+,A8KeyResultCookieWriter,setA8KeyCookieExpireTime:,[145386#0x1003636e8],[]
145397,0x1008c27e8,+[A8KeyResultCookieWriter writeCompleteMarkerCookieValue:forKey:],+,A8KeyResultCookieWriter,writeCompleteMarkerCookieValue:forKey:,[145386#0x10036380c],[]
253456,0x0,+[AAOperationReq init],+,AAOperationReq,init,[253455#0x1039a9d30],[]
253457,0x0,+[AAOperationReq setBaseRequest:],+,AAOperationReq,setBaseRequest:,[253455#0x1039a9d8c],[]
186847,0x0,+[AAOperationRes length],+,AAOperationRes,length,[186845#0x10342aa54],[]

The report can be used by the generators, now let's go.

Generate objc_msgSend Xrefs Query Server

You can start a server through iblessing's objc-msg-xref-server generator to query all objc_msgSend xrefs.

iblessing -m generator -i objc-msg-xref-server -f <path-to-report-generated-by-objc-msg-xref-scanner>

Specify the Listening Host and Port

The default listening address is 127.0.0.1:2345, you can specify it by -d option.

iblessing -m generator -i objc-msg-xref-server -f WeChat_method-xrefs.iblessing.txt -d 'host=0.0.0.0;port=12345'

Usage Example

Notice: the objc-msg-xref is based on unicorn, to speed up the analyze, we do not follow any calls, so the result is partially missing.

> iblessing -m generator -i objc-msg-xref-server -f WeChat_method-xrefs.iblessing.txt
[*] set output path to /opt/one-btn/tmp/apps/WeChat/Payload
[*] input file is WeChat_method-xrefs.iblessing.txt
[*] start ObjcMsgXREFServerGenerator
  [*] load method-chain db for version iblessing methodchains,ver:0.2;
  [*] table keys chainId,sel,prefix,className,methodName,prevMethods,nextMethods
    [-] bad line 104467,0x0,+[TPLock P, ],+,TPLock,P,   ,[104426#0x1043b9904],[]
    [-] bad line 114905,0x0,?[0x108ce1578 (,],?,0x108ce1578,(,,[114900#0x1011e8c68],[]
    [-] bad line 104464,0x0,?[? P,  ],?,?,P,    ,[104426#0x1043b98a8],[]
    [-] bad line 139234,0x0,?[? X
    [-] bad line ],?,?,X
    [-] bad line ,[139205#0x1013c222c],[]
    [+] load storage from disk succeeded!
  [*] listening on http://127.0.0.1:2345

Next you can open http://127.0.0.1:2345 with a browser to query any objc_msgSend xrefs you like:

Generate IDA Scripts for objc_msgSend xrefs

You can add objc_msgSend xrefs generated from objc-msg-xref scanner to make your reverse engineering journey more faster and comfortable.

iblessing -m generator -i ida-objc-msg-xref -f <path-to-report-generated-by-objc-msg-xref-scanner>

Usage Example

Notice: the objc-msg-xref is based on unicorn, to speed up the analyze, we do not follow any calls, so the result is partially missing.

> iblessing -m generator -i ida-objc-msg-xref -f WeChat_method-xrefs.iblessing.txt
[*] set output path to /opt/one-btn/tmp/apps/WeChat/Payload
[*] input file is WeChat_method-xrefs.iblessing.txt
[*] start IDAObjMsgXREFGenerator
  [*] load method-chain db for version iblessing methodchains,ver:0.2;
  [*] table keys chainId,sel,prefix,className,methodName,prevMethods,nextMethods
    [-] bad line 104467,0x0,+[TPLock P, ],+,TPLock,P,   ,[104426#0x1043b9904],[]
    [-] bad line 114905,0x0,?[0x108ce1578 (,],?,0x108ce1578,(,,[114900#0x1011e8c68],[]
    [-] bad line 104464,0x0,?[? P,  ],?,?,P,    ,[104426#0x1043b98a8],[]
    [-] bad line 139234,0x0,?[? X
    [-] bad line ],?,?,X
    [-] bad line ,[139205#0x1013c222c],[]
     [+] load storage from disk succeeded!
  [*] Generating XREF Scripts ...
  [*] saved to /opt/one-btn/tmp/apps/WeChat/Payload/WeChat_method-xrefs.iblessing.txt_ida_objc_msg_xrefs.iblessing.py

> ls -alh WeChat_method-xrefs.iblessing.txt_ida_objc_msg_xrefs.iblessing.py
-rw-r--r--  1 soulghost  wheel    23M Jul 23 16:16 WeChat_method-xrefs.iblessing.txt_ida_objc_msg_xrefs.iblessing.py

> head WeChat_method-xrefs.iblessing.txt_ida_objc_msg_xrefs.iblessing.py
def add_objc_xrefs():
    ida_xref.add_cref(0x10036367c, 0x1008c2220, XREF_USER)
    ida_xref.add_cref(0x1003636e8, 0x1008c3df8, XREF_USER)
    ida_xref.add_cref(0x10036380c, 0x1008c27e8, XREF_USER)
    ida_xref.add_cref(0x103add16c, 0x700006e187a8, XREF_USER)
    ida_xref.add_cref(0x102cbee0c, 0x101143ee8, XREF_USER)
    ida_xref.add_cref(0x10085c92c, 0x1005e9360, XREF_USER)
    ida_xref.add_cref(0x10085c8bc, 0x1005e9274, XREF_USER)
    ida_xref.add_cref(0x10085c8dc, 0x1005e92bc, XREF_USER)
    ida_xref.add_cref(0x10085c8cc, 0x1005e9298, XREF_USER)

Next open your IDA -> File -> Script File and load the script, this step may take a long time. And when it is done, you can find many xrefs for objc method:

Scan for symbol wrappers

A Mach-O file may contain multiple wrappers of commonly used dynamic library imported symbols, such as:

__text:00000001003842D8 sub_1003842CC                           ; CODE XREF: -[BDARVLynxTracker eventV3:params:adExtraData:]+168↑p
__text:00000001003842D8                                         ; -[BDARVLynxTracker eventV3:params:adExtraData:]+214↑p ...
__text:00000001003842D8                 MOV             X1, X27
__text:00000001003842DC                 MOV             X2, X19
__text:00000001003842E0                 B               objc_msgSend

We can convert the wrapper by usercall:

__text:00000001003842CC ; id __usercall objc_msgSend_61@<X0>(id@<X23>, const char *@<X28>, ...)
__text:00000001003842CC _objc_msgSend_61                        ; CODE XREF: -[BDARVLynxTracker eventV3:params:adExtraData:]+2CC↑p
__text:00000001003842CC                                         ; -[BDARVLynxTracker eventV3:params:adExtraData:]+320↑p ...
__text:00000001003842CC                 MOV             X0, X23
__text:00000001003842D0                 MOV             X1, X28
__text:00000001003842D4                 B               objc_msgSend

The scanner can generate a report to record all wrappers, then you can use ida-symbol-wrapper-naming generator to generate ida scripts and implement this wrapper rename and prototype change.

How to Use

iblessing -m scan -i symbol-wrapper -f <path-to-binary> -d 'symbols=_objc_msgSend,_objc_retain,_objc_release'
iblessing -m scan -i symbol-wrapper -f <path-to-binary> -d 'symbols=*'

Usage Example

We will take TikTok China as an example:

> iblessing -m scan -i symbol-wrapper -f /opt/one-btn/tmp/apps/抖音短视频/Payload/Aweme -d 'symbols=*'
[*] set output path to /Users/soulghost/Desktop/git/iblessing-public/iblessing/build/Debug
[*] input file is /opt/one-btn/tmp/apps/抖音短视频/Payload/Aweme
[+] detect mach-o header 64
[+] detect litten-endian
[*] start Symbol Wrapper Scanner
  [*] try to find wrappers for_objc_autoreleaseReturnValue, _objc_msgSend, _objc_release, _objc_releaseAndReturn, _objc_retain, _objc_retainAutorelease, _objc_retainAutoreleaseAndReturn, _objc_retainAutoreleaseReturnValue, _objc_retainAutoreleasedReturnValue
  [*] Step1. find __TEXT,__text
    [+] find __TEXT,__text at 0x100004000
    [+] mapping text segment 0x100000000 ~ 0x106da0000 to unicorn engine
  [*] Step 2. scan in __text
    [*] start disassembler at 0x100004000
    [*] / 0x106b68a54/0x106b68a58 (100.00%)
    [*] reach to end of __text, stop

  [*] Step 3. serialize wrapper graph to file
    [*] saved to /Users/soulghost/Desktop/git/iblessing-public/iblessing/build/Debug/Aweme_wrapper-graph.iblessing.txt

> head Aweme_wrapper-graph.iblessing.txt
iblessing symbol-wrappers,ver:0.1;
wrapperId;address;name;prototype
0;0x100022190;_objc_retainAutoreleasedReturnValue;id __usercall f@<x0>(id@<x0>)
1;0x100022198;_objc_retainAutoreleasedReturnValue;id __usercall f@<x0>(id@<x0>)
2;0x1000221a0;_objc_release;id __usercall f@<x0>(id@<x22>)
3;0x1000221a8;_objc_msgSend;id __usercall f@<x0>(id@<x0>, const char*@<x20>, ...)
4;0x100022448;_objc_release;id __usercall f@<x0>(id@<x21>)
5;0x10009c19c;_objc_autoreleaseReturnValue;id __usercall f@<x0>(id@<x0>)
6;0x1000b6f94;_objc_msgSend;id __usercall f@<x0>(id@<x0>, const char*@<x1>, ...)
7;0x100100248;_objc_autoreleaseReturnValue;id __usercall f@<x0>(id@<x0>)

Next, we can generate ida scripts from this report.

Genereate IDA Script for Objc Runtime Function Rename and Prototype Modification

iblessing -m generator -i ida-symbol-wrapper-naming -f <path-to-report-from-symbol-wrapper>

Usage Example

> iblessing -m generator -i ida-symbol-wrapper-naming -f Aweme_wrapper-graph.iblessing.txt
[*] set output path to /Users/soulghost/Desktop/git/iblessing-public/iblessing/build/Debug
[*] input file is Aweme_wrapper-graph.iblessing.txt
[*] start IDAObjMsgXREFGenerator
  [*] load symbol-wrappers db for version iblessing symbol-wrappers,ver:0.1;
  [*] table keys wrapperId;address;name;prototype
  [*] Generating Naming Scripts ...
  [*] saved to /Users/soulghost/Desktop/git/iblessing-public/iblessing/build/Debug/Aweme_wrapper-graph.iblessing.txt_ida_symbol_wrapper_naming.iblessing.py

> head Aweme_wrapper-graph.iblessing.txt_ida_symbol_wrapper_naming.iblessing.py
def namingWrappers():
    idc.set_name(0x100022190, '_objc_retainAutoreleasedReturnValue', ida_name.SN_FORCE)
    idc.apply_type(0x100022190, idc.parse_decl('id __usercall f@<x0>(id@<x0>)', idc.PT_SILENT))
    idc.set_name(0x100022198, '_objc_retainAutoreleasedReturnValue', ida_name.SN_FORCE)
    idc.apply_type(0x100022198, idc.parse_decl('id __usercall f@<x0>(id@<x0>)', idc.PT_SILENT))
    idc.set_name(0x1000221a0, '_objc_release', ida_name.SN_FORCE)
    idc.apply_type(0x1000221a0, idc.parse_decl('id __usercall f@<x0>(id@<x22>)', idc.PT_SILENT))
    idc.set_name(0x1000221a8, '_objc_msgSend', ida_name.SN_FORCE)
    idc.apply_type(0x1000221a8, idc.parse_decl('id __usercall f@<x0>(id@<x0>, const char*@<x20>, ...)', idc.PT_SILENT))
    idc.set_name(0x100022448, '_objc_release', ida_name.SN_FORCE)

Next open your IDA -> File -> Script File and load the script, this step may take a long time. And when it is done, You can observe some decompiled code changes:

:arrow_down: :arrow_down: :arrow_down:

To be continued