ZuluIDE™ Firmware

ZuluIDE™ is a hardware interface between IDE bus and SD cards. Currently it supports emulating ATAPI CD-ROM drives, Zip Drive 100, and a generic removable drive by providing access to image files stored on SD card.

Drive Types

There are three ways to specify drive type 1) In the zuluide.ini file under [IDE] set Device = "[Type]"

• CDROM - CD-ROM drive
• Zip100 - Iomega Zip Drive 100
• Removable - Generic removable device 2) Use a image filename prefix of:
• cdrm - for a CD-ROM drive
• zipd - for a Zip Drive 100
• remv - for a generic removable file
• hddr - for a hard drive images 3) If no prefix or Device = [type] used the drive will default to CD-ROM

Image files

• Currently .iso image files, as well as .bin/.cue files, are supported for the CD-ROM drive. The images are used alphabetically.
• For Zip drives and removable drives the extension is optional but also any extension is valid, except for .iso, .bin/.cue, and any extension on the ignored list. The images are used in alphabetic order.
• If a prefix to specify the drive is used, all other files that wish to be inserted and ejected into the drive must have the same prefix. The files are used alphabetically.
  • If ZuluIDE has defaulted to a CD-ROM drive, the first image that it finds on the SD card will be used as a CD. This filename is logged to zululog.txt

Any file on the ignored list will not be used as an device image.

CD-ROM .bin/.cue images

Image files in .bin/.cue format that have only a single .bin data file can be placed directly in root folder of the SD card. Both the .bin and .cue should have the same name, and the name specified in .cue is ignored.

Image files that have one .cue file and multiple .bin files should be placed in a subfolder. The .bin file is located by the name given in the .cue text file. The name of the folder is used as the name when switching images in alphabetical order.

Cycling Images

Currently the only way to cycle to the next image for a removable device is the eject the medium via the operating system. This will load the next valid file in alphabetic order.

USB Mass Storage

Non-simultaneous access to the contents of an inserted SD card can be enabled via the enable_usb_mass_storage ini file directive. See the USB Mass Storage wiki page for further details and limitations.

Log files and error indications

Log messages are stored in zululog.txt, which is cleared on every boot. Normally only basic initialization information is stored, but switching the DEBUG DIP switch on will cause every IDE command to be logged, once the board is power cycled.

The indicator LED will normally report disk access. It also reports following status conditions:

• 1 fast blink on boot: Image file loaded successfully
• 3 fast blinks: No images found on SD card
• 5 fast blinks: SD card not detected
• Continuous morse pattern: firmware crashed, morse code indicates crash location

In crashes the firmware will also attempt to save information into zuluerr.txt.

Hotplugging

The firmware supports hot-plug removal and reinsertion of SD card. The status led will blink continuously when card is not present, then blink once when card is reinserted successfully.

Programming & bootloader

For RP2040-based boards, the USB programming uses .uf2 format file that can be copied to the virtual USB drive that shows up in USB bootloader mode, which is enabled with DIP switch.

• There is a custom SD-card bootloader that loads new firmware from SD card on boot.
• The firmware file name must be e.g. ZuluIDE.bin or ZuluIDEv1_0_2023-xxxxx.bin.
• Firmware update takes about 1 second, during which the LED will flash rapidly.
• When successful, the bootloader removes the update file and continues to main firmware.

DIP switches

There are 3 DIP switches on board:

1. CABLE SEL: Enable cable selection of IDE drive id
2. PRI/SEC: When CABLE SEL is off, this DIP switch determins IDE drive id. Set to OFF for primary drive and ON for secondary.
3. DEBUG: Enable debug log messages

In addition to the DIP switches, there is a momentary-contact button, labeled BOOTLDR. If the bootloader button is held down at power-on, the board will not load its firmware, and will instead boot the in-ROM bootloader, and will wait for a .uf2 file to be copied to it via USB.

In hardware revisions before PCB Rev 2023e there is a fourth DIP switch for BOOTLDR instead of a button.

Project structure

• src/ZuluIDE.cpp: Main program, initialization.
• src/ZuluIDE_log.cpp: Simple logging functionality, uses memory buffering.
• src/ZuluIDE_config.h: Some compile-time options, usually no need to change.
• src/ide_xxxx.cpp: High-level implementation of IDE and ATAPI protocols.
• lib/ZuluIDE_platform_RP2040: Platform-specific code for RP2040. Includes low level IDE bus access code.
• lib/minIni: Ini config file access library

Building

This codebase uses PlatformIO. To build run the command:

pio run

Debugging with picoprobe

There are helper scripts in utils folder for debugging the code using picoprobe:

• utils/picoprobe_log.py: Read picoprobe serial port at 1 Mbps baudrate to show the log from ZuluIDE.
• utils/upload_picoprobe.sh: Upload firmware through SWD (requires openocd >= 0.12 installed on system)
• utils/run_gdb_picoprobe.sh: Start log reader, openocd and command line gdb for debugging.

In gdb, use load to upload the firmware and run to restart from beginning.

Theoretically you can also use the platformio pio debug command, but currently it doesn't seem to work with picoprobe.

Origins and License

This firmware is original work developed by Rabbit Hole Computing™. It is closely related to ZuluSCSI, but starts from fresh beginnings.

The firmware code is licensed under the GPL version 3 or any later version.

The RP2040 platform utilizes a separate ICE5LP2K FPGA for IDE bus communication. Bitstream for the FPGA is provided in binary format and is licensed for free use and distribution on hardware produced by Rabbit Hole Computing™. Communication between the FPGA and the CPU uses QSPI interface documented in rp2040_fpga.h.

Ignored List

Any file that starts with zulu is ignored

The following common compression extensions are ignored: ".tar", ".tgz", ".gz", ".bz2", ".tbz2", ".xz", ".zst", ".z", ".zip", ".zipx", ".rar", ".lzh", ".lha", ".lzo", ".lz4", ".arj", ".dmg", ".hqx", ".cpt", ".7z", ".s7z"

The following document extensions are ignored: ".cue", ".txt", ".rtf", ".md", ".nfo", ".pdf", ".doc"