Machine readable Table of the mass and other properties of the current sample of confirmed binary neutron stars (BNSs). For pulsars (PSR), M1 and M2 are the mass of the pulsar and the companion respectively. The values in this Table are the reported values, usually the median values. For further details, as well as information about error bars and uncertanties see the bibliography (Ref). Please contact me for any erratums.
| # | System | Mc | Mtot | M1 | M2 | Pspin | Porb | e | tmerge | Ref | Year | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | PSR B1913+16 | 1,2312 | 2,828 | 1,440 | 1,389 | 59,0 | 0,323 | 0,617 | 301 | a | 1975 | NA |
| 2 | PSR B2127+11C | 1,1805 | 2,713 | 1,358 | 1,354 | 30,5 | 0,335 | 0,681 | 217 | b | 1990 | * |
| 3 | PSR B1534+12 | 1,1661 | 2,678 | 1,333 | 1,346 | 37,9 | 0,421 | 0,274 | 2739 | c-d | 1991 | NA |
| 4 | PSR J1518+4904 | nan | 2,718 | nan | nan | 40,9 | 8,634 | 0,249 | inf | e-f | 1997 | NA |
| 5 | PSR J1811-1736 | nan | 2,570 | nan | nan | 104,2 | 18,779 | 0,828 | inf | g-h | 2001 | NA |
| 6 | PSR J0737-3039 | 1,1253 | 2,587 | 1,338 | 1,249 | 22,7 | 0,102 | 0,088 | 86 | i-j | 2003 | NA |
| 7 | PSR J1829+2456 | nan | 2,590 | nan | nan | 41,0 | 1,176 | 0,139 | inf | k | 2004 | NA |
| 8 | PSR J1756-2251 | 1,1178 | 2,571 | 1,341 | 1,230 | 28,5 | 0,320 | 0,181 | 1663 | l | 2005 | NA |
| 9 | PSR J1930-1852 | nan | 2,590 | nan | nan | 185,5 | 45,060 | 0,399 | inf | m | 2015 | NA |
| 10 | PSR J0453+1559 | 1,1754 | 2,734 | 1,559 | 1,174 | 45,8 | 4,072 | 0,113 | inf | n | 2015 | ? |
| 11 | PSR J1913+1102 | 1,2468 | 2,8887 | 1,62 | 1,27 | 27,28 | 0,206 | 0,09 | 470 | o-p | 2016 | NA |
| 12 | GW170817 | 1,188 | 2,73-3,29 | 1,36-2,26 | 0,86-1,36 | nan | nan | nan | nan | q | 2017 | † |
| 13 | PSR J1411+2551 | nan | 2,538 | nan | nan | 62,4 | 2,616 | 0,1699 | inf | r | 2017 | NA |
| 14 | PSR J1757-1854 | 1,1893 | 2,733 | 1,338 | 1,395 | 21,5 | 0,183 | 0,606 | 76 | s | 2018 | NA |
| 15 | PSR J1946+2052 | nan | 2,50 | nan | nan | 17,0 | 0,078 | 0,06 | 46 | t | 2018 | NA |
| 16 | PSR J0509+3801 | 1,2174 | 2,810 | 1,34 | 1,46 | 76,5 | 0,380 | 0,586 | 580 | u | 2018 | NA |
| 17 | GW190425 | 1,44 | 3,4 | 1,60-2,52 | 1,12-1,69 | nan | nan | nan | nan | v | 2020 | † |
| 18 | PSR J1759+5036 | nan | 2,62 | nan | nan | 176,0 | 2,04 | 0,3 | inf | w | 2021 | ? |
| 19 | PSR J1753-2240 | nan | nan | nan | nan | 95,1 | 13,638 | 0,304 | inf | x | 2008 | ? |
Mc: chirp mass, in solar masses.
Mtot: total mass, in solar masses.
M1: primary/pulsar mass, in solar masses.
M2: secondary/companion mass, in solar masses.
Pspin: pulsar spin period, in milliseconds.
Porb: orbital period, in days.
tmerge: time to merge via gravitational-wave emission, in Myr. If tmerge = inf, the BNS will not merge within the age of the Universe.
"Year" is used as a timeline guidance, and corresponds to the year when the system was reported in a publication for the first time.
nan: not provided.
NA: not applicable.
?: system has been proposed as a NSWD.
†: Extra-galactic
*: System in a Globular Cluster
PSR B1913+16: Hulse, R. A. and Taylor, J. H., “Discovery of a pulsar in a binary system.”, The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 195, pp. L51–L53, 1975. doi:10.1086/181708. NASA/ADS link
PSR B2127+11C: Anderson, S. B., Gorham, P. W., Kulkarni, S. R., Prince, T. A., and Wolszczan, A., “Discovery of two radio pulsars in the globular cluster M15”, Nature, vol. 346, no. 6279, pp. 42–44, 1990. doi:10.1038/346042a0. NASA/ADS link
PSR B1534+12: Wolszczan, A., “A nearby 37.9-ms radio pulsar in a relativistic binary system”, Nature, vol. 350, no. 6320, pp. 688–690, 1991. doi:10.1038/350688a0. NASA/ADS link
PSR B1534+12: Fonseca, E., Stairs, I. H., and Thorsett, S. E., “A Comprehensive Study of Relativistic Gravity Using PSR B1534+12”, The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 787, no. 1, 2014. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/787/1/82. NASA/ADS link
PSR J1518+4904: Sayer, R. W., Nice, D. J., and Taylor, J. H., “The Green Bank Northern Sky Survey for Fast Pulsars”, The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 474, no. 1, pp. 426–432, 1997. doi:10.1086/303446. NASA/ADS link
PSR J1518+4904: Janssen, G. H., “Multi-telescope timing of PSR J1518+4904”, Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 490, no. 2, pp. 753–761, 2008. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200810076. NASA/ADS link
PSR J1811-1736: Manchester, R. N., “The Parkes multi-beam pulsar survey - I. Observing and data analysis systems, discovery and timing of 100 pulsars”, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 328, no. 1, pp. 17–35, 2001. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04751.x. NASA/ADS link
PSR J1811-1736: Corongiu, A., “The binary pulsar PSR J1811-1736: evidence of a low amplitude supernova kick”, Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 462, no. 2, pp. 703–709, 2007. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20054385. NASA/ADS link
PSR J0737-3039: Burgay, M., “An increased estimate of the merger rate of double neutron stars from observations of a highly relativistic system”, Nature, vol. 426, no. 6966, pp. 531–533, 2003. doi:10.1038/nature02124. NASA/ADS link
PSR J0737-3039: Kramer, M., “Tests of General Relativity from Timing the Double Pulsar”, Science, vol. 314, no. 5796, pp. 97–102, 2006. doi:10.1126/science.1132305. NASA/ADS link
PSR J1829+2456: Champion, D. J., “PSR J1829+2456: a relativistic binary pulsar”, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 350, no. 4, pp. L61–L65, 2004. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07862.x. NASA/ADS link
PSR J1756-2251: Faulkner, A. J., “PSR J1756-2251: A New Relativistic Double Neutron Star System”, The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 618, no. 2, pp. L119–L122, 2005. doi:10.1086/427776. NASA/ADS link
PSR J1930-1852: Swiggum, J. K., “PSR J1930-1852: a Pulsar in the Widest Known Orbit around Another Neutron Star”, The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 805, no. 2, 2015. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/805/2/156. NASA/ADS link
PSR J0453+1559: Martinez, J. G., “Pulsar J0453+1559: A Double Neutron Star System with a Large Mass Asymmetry”, The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 812, no. 2, 2015. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/812/2/143. NASA/ADS link
PSR J1913+1102: Lazarus, P., “Einstein@Home Discovery of a Double Neutron Star Binary in the PALFA Survey”, The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 831, no. 2, 2016. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/831/2/150. NASA/ADS link
PSR J1913+1102: Ferdman, R. D., “Asymmetric mass ratios for bright double neutron-star mergers”, Nature, vol. 583, no. 7815, pp. 211–214, 2020. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2439-x. NASA/ADS link
GW170817: Abbott, B. P., “GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral”, Physical Review Letters, vol. 119, no. 16, 2017. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.161101. NASA/ADS link
PSR J1411+2551: Martinez, J. G., “Pulsar J1411+2551: A Low-mass Double Neutron Star System”, The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 851, no. 2, 2017. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aa9d87. NASA/ADS link
PSR J1757-1854: Cameron, A. D., “The High Time Resolution Universe Pulsar Survey - XIII. PSR J1757-1854, the most accelerated binary pulsar”, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 475, no. 1, pp. L57–L61, 2018. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/sly003. NASA/ADS link
PSR J1946+2052: Stovall, K., “PALFA Discovery of a Highly Relativistic Double Neutron Star Binary”, The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 854, no. 2, 2018. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aaad06. NASA/ADS link
PSR J0509+3801: Lynch, R. S., “The Green Bank North Celestial Cap Pulsar Survey. III. 45 New Pulsar Timing Solutions”, The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 859, no. 2, 2018. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aabf8a. NASA/ADS link
GW190425: Abbott, B. P., “GW190425: Observation of a Compact Binary Coalescence with Total Mass ∼ 3.4 M⊙”, The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 892, no. 1, 2020. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab75f5. NASA/ADS link
PSR J1759+5036: Agazie, G. Y., “The Green Bank Northern Celestial Cap Pulsar Survey. VI. Discovery and Timing of PSR J1759+5036: A Double Neutron Star Binary Pulsar”, The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 922, no. 1, 2021. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac142b. NASA/ADS link
PSR J1753-2240: Keith, M. J., “PSR J1753-2240: a mildly recycled pulsar in an eccentric binary system”, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 393, no. 2, pp. 623–627, 2009. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.14234.x. NASA/ADS link
Tauris, T. M., “Formation of Double Neutron Star Systems”, The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 846, no. 2, 2017. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa7e89. NASA/ADS link
Vigna-Gómez, A., “On the formation history of Galactic double neutron stars”, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 481, no. 3, pp. 4009–4029, 2018. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2463. NASA/ADS link
Zhu, X., Thrane, E., Osłowski, S., Levin, Y., and Lasky, P. D., “Inferring the population properties of binary neutron stars with gravitational-wave measurements of spin”, Physical Review D, vol. 98, no. 4, 2018. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.98.043002. NASA/ADS link
Andrews, J. J. and Mandel, I., “Double Neutron Star Populations and Formation Channels”, The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 880, no. 1, 2019. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab2ed1. NASA/ADS link
Please email your comments, queries, suggestions, and corrections to: avigna@mpa-garching.mpg.de