I was able to fix this by moving ./.config/Beyond-All-Reason/GPUCache out of the way (or deleting it). It appears a cause of the issue is that the cache key used for the shader cache is incorrect, so clearing the cache fixes things, but there may be other underlying issues.
After upgrading my Linux (NixOS) AMDGPU system to the latest version, chobby fails to load, dumping many instances of:
The GUI window opens but is blank. Downgrading my system fixes the issue.
Searching around finds various projects hitting this, notably chromium, where there is recent activity: https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=1442633
Workaround
I was able to fix this by moving
./.config/Beyond-All-Reason/GPUCache
out of the way (or deleting it). It appears a cause of the issue is that the cache key used for the shader cache is incorrect, so clearing the cache fixes things, but there may be other underlying issues.