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cmccambridge / mosquitto-unraid

Docker container for eclipse-mosquitto with unRAID ease-of-use tweaks
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cmccambridge/mosquitto-unraid

This container is a minimal port of the official Eclipse Mosquitto Docker container with minor tweaks to work more conveniently in unRAID.

Breaking Change: Mosquitto 2.x

You must take manual action to update your mosquitto-unraid configuration as per the 2.x Breaking Change section below.

mosquitto-unraid has taken a breaking change from the upstream Eclipse Mosquitto project to restrict access to unauthenticated clients and non-loopback networks without explicit configuration.

Usage

Quick & Easy:

  1. Install from Community Applications
  2. Configure port mappings
  3. Enable RUN_INSECURE_MQTT_SERVER or set up an authenticated configuration
  4. Done!

Full Custom:

docker create \
  -v <config directory>:/mosquitto/config \
  -v <data directory>:/mosquitto/data \
  -v <log directory>:/mosquitto/log \
  -p 1883:1883 \
  -p 8883:8883 \
  -p 9001:9001 \
  -e RUN_INSECURE_MQTT_SERVER=1 \
  cmccambridge/mosquitto-unraid

Environment Variables

The following environment variables may be used to configure mosquitto-unraid:

Environment Variable Default Description
RUN_INSECURE_MQTT_SERVER not set Set this environment variable to 1 to run an insecure default MQTT server accepting anonymous clients on port 1883. Any other value will have no effect.

This was the default configuration prior to Mosquitto 2.0.0. For more information, refer to the 2.x Breaking Change section.

Volumes

The following volumes are defined by the official Docker image for Eclipse Mosquitto and are available for use in mosquitto-unraid as well:

Volume Description
/mosquitto/config Directory holding *.conf files to configure mosquitto
/mosquitto/data Directory to hold persistent data. Not enabled by default. See persistent data configuration requirements.
/mosquitto/log Directory to hold mosquitto logs. Not enabled by default. See logging configuration requirements.

Ports

The following ports are standard MQTT ports:

Port Description
1883 Standard MQTT port
8883 Optional: Frequently used as a MQTT TLS port. Not enabled by default. See enabling TLS configuration requirements.
9001 Optional: Standard MQTT Websockets port. Not enabled by default. See Websockets configuration requirements.

Note: Starting with Mosquitto 2.0.0, no listener will be started without explicit configuration. You can define listening ports through *.conf files, or enable a default insecure MQTT listener on port 1883 using the RUN_INSECURE_MQTT_SERVER environment variable. If you configure custom listeners, you should update the corresponding port mappings as well.

Configuration

To configure mosquitto-unraid, place one or more *.conf files in the volume bound to /mosquitto/config. If the container is run and no existing mosquitto.conf.example exists in the mounted volume, a new copy is created containing the default contents of mosquitto.conf, which can be consulted as a reference.

Starting with Mosquitto 2.0.0, you must explicitly configure listeners, or set the RUN_INSECURE_MQTT_SERVER override variable. If the container is run and no listeners have been explicitly configured and the override variable is not set, then a mosquitto-unraid-default.conf file will be generated in the /mosquitto/config volume with examples of valid explicit configurations, and the container will terminate with instructions printed to the logs.

For full details of the available configuration options, consult man mosquitto.conf, the online documentation, or the default content of mosquitto.conf.

mosquitto-unraid Specifics

Mosquitto is typically configured through a single master config file named mosquitto.conf. However, for ease of use in the unRAID scenario, this container instead uses a default master config file containing only a single option:

include_dir /mosquitto/config

This configuration causes mosquitto to enumerate all *.conf files in the mount point /mosquitto/config and incorporate them into the shared configuration. You can create a single mosquitto.conf at this location, or a collection of separate *.conf files.

For example, you might create the following files:

File Content
mosquitto.conf Master mosquitto config file
tls.conf Additional listener config for TLS
websockets.conf Additional listener config for Websockets

Warning: The order that individual *.conf files are applied to the mosquitto configuration is not necessarily alphabetical, and is determined by idiosynchrosies of the operating system and filesystem, so it is not safe to attempt to "override" settings in one file from another.

Advanced Configuration

A quick reference follows for a few common advanced configuration topics. For full details of the available configuration options, consult man mosquitto.conf, the online documentation, or the default content of mosquitto.conf.

Persistent Data

To enable persistent data, set the following configuration options in your mosquitto.conf or another *.conf configuration file:

persistence true
persistence_location /mosquitto/data/

Restart the container for your changes to take effect.

Logging

To enable logging, set the following configuration options in your mosquitto.conf or another *.conf configuration file, uncommenting your desired log level(s):

log_dest file /mosquitto/log/mosquitto.log
log_type error
#log_type warning
#log_type notice
#log_type information

Restart the container for your changes to take effect.

Authentication

To enable password-based authentication, you'll need to run mosquitto_passwd within the Docker container. For persistence of the generated file across container invocations, it is highly recommended that you store it in the same mounted volume as your configuration file, i.e. /mosquitto/config.

You can run mosquitto_passwd to create and manage your password file in a container named mosquitto like this:

# Create the file if it does not yet exist
docker exec -it mosquitto touch /mosquitto/config/passwd

# Create a new user named user_name, enter password interactively
docker exec -it mosquitto mosquitto_passwd /mosquitto/config/passwd user_name

# Create a new user named user_2 with password pass_2.
# WARNING: pass_2 will appear in your command history!
docker exec -it mosquitto mosquitto_passwd -b /mosquitto/config/passwd user_2 pass_2

# Delete a user named user_2
docker exec -it mosquitto mosquitto_passwd -D /mosquitto/config/passwd user_2

You can then refer to the password file from your configuration:

password_file /mosquitto/config/passwd

Restart the container for your changes to take effect.

Enabling TLS

TODO

In the meantime, consult the official documentation

Websockets

TODO

In the meantime, consult the official documentation

Command Line MQTT Clients

For convenience of testing MQTT environments, this container includes the command-line interface tools mosquitto_sub and mosquitto_pub. You can find the details of their usage in their respective man pages (mosquitto_sub, mosquitto_pub), but here are some quick examples:

Use mosquitto_sub in a new container to subscribe to an MQTT topic $MQTT_TOPIC on a remote host $MQTT_HOST:

docker run --rm -it mosquitto-unraid mosquitto_sub -h ${MQTT_HOST} -p 1883 -t ${MQTT_TOPIC}

Use mosquitto_pub to publish a message $MQTT_MESSAGE to an MQTT topic $MQTT_TOPIC on the mosquitto instance in an existing running mosquitto-unraid container named $CONTAINER:

docker exec -it ${CONTAINER} mosquitto_pub -h 127.0.0.1 -p 1883 -t ${MQTT_TOPIC} -m ${MQTT_MESSAGE}

unRAID Integration

If you're an unRAID user, you may want to install mosquitto-unraid through Community Applications instead of directly installing this Docker image. The unRAID template will set some default settings that integrate well with unRAID (see below), as well as the latest updates if the container template itself changes over time.

Notes:

Type Setting Value Notes
Variable RUN_INSECURE_MQTT_SERVER 0 Set to 1 to enable a default insecure MQTT server on port 1883. See Environment Variables
Path /mosquitto/config /mnt/user/appdata/mosquitto Store mosquitto *.conf configuration files
Path /mosquitto/data Store persistent MQTT data
Path /mosquitto/log Store mosquitto logs
Port 1883 1883 Standard MQTT port
Port 8883 8883 Optional: Common MQTT TLS port. Not enabled by default. See enabling TLS configuration requirements.
Port 9001 9001 Optional: Standard MQTT Websockets port. Not enabled by default. See Websockets configuration requirements.

2.x Breaking Change

The upstream Eclipse Mosquitto project has taken a breaking change with their 2.x series of releases, beginning with 2.0.0. mosquitto-unraid has taken this breaking change as well to comply with the upstream change in security posture.

This change will require manual configuration update if you have not previously configured a custom MQTT listener.

In short, the container now requires that you either:

  1. Explicitly configure an MQTT listener or
  2. Explicitly set the environment variable RUN_INSECURE_MQTT_SERVER=1 to re-enable the 1.x series default configuration.

To learn more about the details and motivation for the upstream change, you can read the Mosquitto 2.0 release notes or the Eclipse migration guide.

To migrate your existing mosquitto-unraid container, take one of the following paths:

Option 1: Set RUN_INSECURE_MQTT_SERVER to 1 in this container's configuration

Update your docker command line or unRAID variables to set the environment variable RUN_INSECURE_MQTT_SERVER = 1. This will enable the same insecure default settings that were in effect by default in the Mosquitto 1.x series:

These settings corresponding with this configuration snippet:

listener 1883
protocol mqtt
allow_anonymous true

Option 2: Edit the generated file mosquitto-unraid-default.conf

If mosquitto-unraid detects that it is started in an unmigrated configuration (i.e. with no explicit listener configured and without RUN_INSECURE_MQTT_SERVER set), then the container will create a default configuration file in the /mosquitto/config volume.

This default configuration file contains a few simple examples which can be uncommented to satisfy the explicit configuration requirement, including:

See the generated mosquitto-unraid-default.conf file for further details.

Option 3: Configure Mosquitto to your preferences, including at least one listener

See the Configuration section for more details.

Future Work

Please see the GitHub Issues, where you can report any problems or make any feature requests as well!

Credits

The Eclipse Mosquitto logo

CHANGELOG

2.0.20 (2024-11-07)

2.0.18 (2023-11-28)

2.0.15 (2022-12-15)

2.0.14 (2022-08-04)

2.0.13 (2021-11-09)

2.0.10 (2021-04-06)

2.0.9 (2021-03-14)

2.0.8 (2021-03-01)

2.0.7 (2021-02-05)

2.0.6 (2021-02-04)

2.0.5 (2021-01-20)