search

dotless-de / vagrant-vbguest

A Vagrant plugin to keep your VirtualBox Guest Additions up to date
MIT License
2.88k stars 209 forks source link

readme

vagrant-vbguest

Please note that as of 2023-12-17, this project is archived and will not receive further updates or support from me.
However, the existing codebase will remain available for reference and use under the project's open-source license.

vagrant-vbguest is a Vagrant plugin which automatically installs the host's VirtualBox Guest Additions on the guest system.

Join the chat at https://gitter.im/dotless-de/vagrant-vbguest Code Climate Inline docs Gem Version

Installation

Requires vagrant 1.3 or later

Vagrant ≥ 1.3

vagrant plugin install vagrant-vbguest

Configuration / Usage

If you're lucky, vagrant-vbguest does not require any configuration. However, here is an example of Vagrantfile:

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  # we will try to autodetect this path. 
  # However, if we cannot or you have a special one you may pass it like:
  # config.vbguest.iso_path = "#{ENV['HOME']}/Downloads/VBoxGuestAdditions.iso"
  # or an URL:
  # config.vbguest.iso_path = "http://company.server/VirtualBox/%{version}/VBoxGuestAdditions.iso"
  # or relative to the Vagrantfile:
  # config.vbguest.iso_path = "../relative/path/to/VBoxGuestAdditions.iso"

  # set auto_update to false, if you do NOT want to check the correct 
  # additions version when booting this machine
  config.vbguest.auto_update = false

  # do NOT download the iso file from a webserver
  config.vbguest.no_remote = true
end

Config options

Installer Specific Options (installer_options)

Those settings are specific for OS-specific installer. Especially in a multi-box environment, you should put those options on the box configuration like this:

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.define "my_cent_os_box" do |c|
    c.box = "centos/8"
    c.vbguest.installer_options = { allow_kernel_upgrade: true }
  end
end

Note that box-specific settings overwrite earlier settings:

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vbguest.installer_options = { foo: 1, bar: 2 }

  config.vm.define "a" do |box_config|
    # not setting any `installer_options` will inherit the "global" ones
    # installer_options => { foo: 1, bar: 2 }
  end

  config.vm.define "b" do |box_config|
    # setting any `installer_options` will start from scratch
    box_config.vbguest.installer_options[:zort] = 3 # => { zort: 3 }
  end

  config.vm.define "c" do |box_config|
    # however, you can explicitly merge the global config
    box_config.vbguest.installer_options = config.vbguest.installer_options.merge(zort: 3) # => { foo: 1, bar: 2, zort: 3 }
  end
end
Linux

This option is available on all Linux type installers.

CentOS

Global Configuration

Using Vagrantfile Load Order you may change default configuration values. Edit (create, if missing) your ~/.vagrant.d/Vagrantfile like this:

For Vagrant >= 1.1.0 use:

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vbguest.auto_update = false
end

For older versions of Vagrant:

# vagrant's autoloading may not have kicked in
require 'vagrant-vbguest' unless defined? VagrantVbguest::Config
VagrantVbguest::Config.auto_update = false

Settings in a project's Vagrantfile will overwrite those setting. When executed as a command, command line arguments will overwrite all of the above.

Installer Hooks (installer_hooks)

Additionally to the build-in installer_options, you can configure to execute scripts around the install steps install, rebuild and start. Accepts either a single command or and array of commands. Box-specific settings overwrite earlier settings, just like with installer_options.

Use this make changes to the guest, for example to install specific dependencies or tweak the network setup.

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.define "my_cent_os_box" do |c|
    c.vbguest.installer_hooks[:before_install] = ["yum install -y epel-release", "sleep 1"]
  end
end

Running as a middleware

Running as a middleware is the default way of using vagrant-vbguest. It will run automatically right after the box started. This is each time the box boots, i.e. vagrant up or vagrant reload. It won't run on vagrant resume (or vagrant up a suspended box) to save you some time resuming a box.

You may switch off the middleware by setting the vm's config vbguest.auto_update to false. This is a per box setting. On multi vm environments you need to set that for each vm.

When vagrant-vbguest is running it will provide you some logs:

[...]
[default] Booting VM...
[default] Booting VM...
[default] Waiting for VM to boot. This can take a few minutes.
[default] VM booted and ready for use!
[default] GuestAdditions versions on your host (4.2.6) and guest (4.1.0) do not match.
stdin: is not a tty
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
The following extra packages will be installed:
  fakeroot linux-headers-2.6.32-33 patch

[...]

[default] Copy iso file /Applications/VirtualBox.app/Contents/MacOS/VBoxGuestAdditions.iso into the box /tmp/VBoxGuestAdditions.iso
stdin: is not a tty
[default] Installing Virtualbox Guest Additions 4.2.6 - guest version is 4.1.0
stdin: is not a tty
Verifying archive integrity... All good.
Uncompressing VirtualBox 4.2.6 Guest Additions for Linux...........
VirtualBox Guest Additions installer
Removing installed version 4.1.0 of VirtualBox Guest Additions...
tar: Record size = 8 blocks
Removing existing VirtualBox DKMS kernel modules ...done.
Removing existing VirtualBox non-DKMS kernel modules ...done.
Building the VirtualBox Guest Additions kernel modules ...done.
Doing non-kernel setup of the Guest Additions ...done.
You should restart your guest to make sure the new modules are actually used

Installing the Window System drivers ...fail!
(Could not find the X.Org or XFree86 Window System.)
stdin: is not a tty
[default] Restarting VM to apply changes...
[default] Attempting graceful shutdown of VM...
[default] Booting VM...
[default] Waiting for VM to boot. This can take a few minutes.
[default] VM booted and ready for use!
[default] Configuring and enabling network interfaces...
[default] Setting host name...
[default] Mounting shared folders...
[default] -- v-root: /vagrant
[default] -- v-csc-1: /tmp/vagrant-chef-1/chef-solo-1/cookbooks
[default] Running provisioner: Vagrant::Provisioners::ChefSolo...
[default] Generating chef JSON and uploading...
[default] Running chef-solo...
[...]

The plugin's part starts at [default] Installing Virtualbox Guest Additions 4.1.14 - guest's version is 4.1.1, telling you that:

No worries on the Installing the Window System drivers ...fail!. Most dev boxes you are using won't run a Window Server, thus it's absolutely safe to ignore that error.

When everything is fine, and no update is needed, you see log like:

[...]
[default] Booting VM...
[default] Waiting for VM to boot. This can take a few minutes.
[default] VM booted and ready for use!
[default] GuestAdditions 4.2.6 running --- OK.
[...]

Running as a Command

When you switched off the middleware auto update, or you have a box up and running you may also run the installer manually.

vagrant vbguest [vm-name] [--do start|rebuild|install] [--status] [-f|--force] [-b|--auto-reboot] [-R|--no-remote] [--iso VBoxGuestAdditions.iso] [--no-cleanup]

For example, when you just updated VirtualBox on your host system, you should update the guest additions right away. However, you may need to reload the box to get the guest additions working.

If you want to check the guest additions version, without installing, you may run:

vagrant vbguest --status

Telling you either about a version mismatch:

[default] GuestAdditions versions on your host (4.2.6) and guest (4.1.0) do not match.

or a match:

[default] GuestAdditions 4.2.6 running --- OK.

The auto-reboot is turned off by default when running as a command. Vbguest will suggest you to reboot the box when needed. To turn it on simply pass the --auto-reboot parameter:

vagrant vbguest --auto-reboot

You can also pass vagrant's reload options like:

vagrant vbguest --auto-reboot --no-provision

When running the install step manually like this: vagrant vbguest --do install, adding --no-cleanup keeps the downloaded, uploaded files and mounted iso in their place. Happy debugging ;)

ISO autodetection

vagrant-vbguest will try to autodetect a VirtualBox GuestAdditions iso file on your system, which usually matches your installed version of VirtualBox. If it cannot find one, it downloads one from the web (virtualbox.org).
Those places will be checked in order:

  1. Checks your VirtualBox "Virtual Media Manager" for a DVD called "VBoxGuestAdditions.iso"
  2. Guess by your host operating system:

Automatic reboot

The VirtualBox GuestAdditions Installer will try to load the newly built kernel module. However the installer may fail to load, just as it is happening when updating GuestAdditions from version 4.1 to 4.2.

Hence, vbguest will check for a loaded kernel module after the installation has finished and reboots the box, if it could not find one.

Advanced Usage

vagrant-vbguest provides installers for generic linux and debian/ubuntu.
Installers take care of the whole installation process, that includes where to save the iso file inside the guest and where to mount it.

class MyInstaller < VagrantVbguest::Installers::Linux

  # use /temp instead of /tmp
  def tmp_path
    '/temp/VBoxGuestAdditions.iso'
  end

  # use /media instead of /mnt
  def mount_point
    '/media'
  end

  def install(opts=nil, &block)
    communicate.sudo('my_distos_way_of_preparing_guestadditions_installation', opts, &block)
    # calling `super` will run the installation
    # also it takes care of uploading the right iso file into the box
    # and cleaning up afterward
    super
  end
end

Vagrant::Config.run do |config|
  config.vbguest.installer = MyInstaller
end

Extending vbguest (aka Very Advanced Usage)

If you find yourself copying the same installer in each of your vagrant project, it might be a good idea to make it a plugin itself. Like vagrant-vbguest itself, installers can be distributed as ruby gems

This project contains a sample installer gem which might serve as an boilerplate.

Contributing

Bug reports and pull requests are welcome on GitHub at https://github.com/dotless-de/vagrant-vbguest.

For the foreseeable future, no more pull requests will be accepted which add new guest support/installers. Please build your gem as a plugin to vbguest (see "Very Advanced Usage" section of this file). In fact, please open a pull request to remove support for a guest system if feel confident that your solution is better.

Known Issues