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eivindbohler / tinyllama2

A tiny x86 retro computer
GNU General Public License v3.0
74 stars 7 forks source link

readme



Note
YouTube walkthrough + setup coming soon!

Table of Contents



Project Goals

The goal of the TinyLlama project is:

What's New In Version 2?

Last year I released [version 1 of the TinyLlama][tinyllama1].
While I was very happy with it and it worked great, there were a couple of things I felt were still missing + a few bugs.

The two main new features in version 2 are:

Both the CH559 and the ESP8266 can be easily re-flashed/programmed in-place.
Look at Programming the CH559 and [Programming the ESP8266][wiki-wifi].

Full system specs (revision 2.1)

Hardware

Software

Building

Sourcing Parts

Full BOM (bill of materials) can be found [in the wiki][wiki-bom].

For MT-32/MIDI - optional

Assembly

Solder all components onto the TinyLlama rev2.1 PCB. As always, it's easier to start with the low-profile ones first, like resistors and capacitors. If you're willing to spend slightly more, I recommended you let the PCB manufacturer pre-assemble most of the common components for you. Plus, some of the SMD components can be a bit tricky to solder. Take a look at the [wiki][wiki-assembly] for more in-depth assembly instructions.

Programming the CH559

  1. Download the latest firmware binary from this repo, in the hidman-binary folder. Alternatively, get the latest source code from the [official repo][hidman] and compile it yourself.
  2. Download and install WCHISPTool_Setup.exe from [WCH's website][wch]. Unfortunately, this tool only supports Windows. If you're on macOS or Linux, maybe try using virtualization software, or even another computer.
  3. Open the WCHISPTool_CH54x-55x application.
  4. Make sure the TinyLlama is powered off.
  5. Remove the jumper from the "HID_POWER" pin header on the PCB (to ensure that the computer doesn't backpower the TinyLlama).
  6. Connect a USB cable (type A to type A) between one of the HID USB ports on the TinyLlama and the Windows computer.
  7. Press and hold the "PRG" button on the bottom side of the TinyLlama until the CH559 device pops up in the WCHISPTool.
  8. Select the firmware binary file under Download File -> Object File1.
  9. Click the "Download" button. Hopefully you'll get a success message in the log section on the right side of the program window.
  10. Disconnect the USB cable.
  11. Add the jumper to the "HID_POWER" pin header on the PCB.
  12. Connect a keyboard to one of the HID USB ports. You should be good to go!

Programming the BIOS

When purchasing the SOM-128-EX module from DMP, its ROM chip comes preinstalled with an Arduino-like bootloader which isn't what we want. Also, the "crossbar" is configured for using the module with the 86Duino Zero/One boards - meaning its default pin layout is completely different from what we need for the TinyLlama.

Follow these steps to flash the ROM with the TinyLlama BIOS for the first time:

  1. Find a USB flash drive, must be minimum 32 MB in size (shouldn't be a problem these days). Note that not all USB drives are bootable. Use a well-known bootable drive. NB: You have to use a USB stick for this, an SD card won't work since the crossbar is configured to use different pins on the SOM for SD traffic.
  2. Do a block-level transfer of the INITBIOS.IMG from this repo to the USB drive. Use [Balena Etcher][balena-etcher], or the command line if you know what you're doing (macOS example): 
    $ diskutil list
(Find your USB drive, eg. /dev/disk2)
$ diskutil unmountDisk /dev/disk2
$ sudo dd if=INITBIOS.IMG of=/dev/rdisk2 bs=1m
  3. Insert the USB flash drive into the TinyLlama and turn it on. It'll hopefully boot into MS-DOS. Then, to flash the ROM: 
    C:\>anybios w initbios.rom

    ...and reboot.

For subsequent BIOS updates, you can use the ROM's built-in virtual floppy drive available from the boot menu (press F12).
When booted from this you'll only need a regular USB stick (formatted as FAT16/FAT32) containing the new BIOS file.

Installing MS-DOS

A note on selecting the DOS type:
I've gone with MS-DOS 6.22 for maximum compatibility.
If you prefer FreeDOS (or another DOS variant), prepare a bootable USB installer disk and use that instead of the built-in virtual floppy.

  1. Pick a bootable USB drive or Micro SD card to use as the boot drive - for MS-DOS 6.22 you'll be limited to FAT16 and 2 GB per partition (though you can have several). For FreeDOS with FAT32 you can go all the way up to 2 TB.
  2. Insert it, turn on the system, press F12 to bring up the boot menu, and select the virtual floppy drive.
  3. Use fdisk from the command prompt to partition the SD/USB drive and set it to be Active.
  4. Restart and again select to boot from the virtual floppy.
    Use format c: /s /u to format the drive and copy over system files. Finally use fdisk /mbr to make sure the Master Boot Record is correct and the drive should be bootable.
  5. Copy over the DOS folder from A: to C:.
    You can either do this manually and create CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT files to your liking, or more conveniently, just run the SETUP.BAT script that'll do this for you. The provided config files lets you choose from a clean boot or a QEMM-based one with XMS, EMS and 631 kB of free conventional memory.

Programming the CS4237B Firmware

  1. Copy the CS4237B and UNISOUND folders from this GitHub repo over to your SD/USB boot drive and start the system.
  2. To program the firmware, run the RESOURCE.EXE command below and check that you get the same output: 
    
C:\>cd cs4237b
C:\CS4237B>resource /f=0x120 /r=cs4237b.asm /e

Reading data from CS4237B.ASM Length = 292 Programming EEPROM Block: 1 2 EEPROM programmed

Verifying EEPROM: Verifying CS4237B.ASM against EEPROM . . . Verified OKAY

3. Make sure the correct `BLASTER` environment variable is set and `UNISOUND.COM` command is called from `AUTOEXEC.BAT`. Note that the 8-bit DMA channel is **1** and the IRQ is **7**:

SET BLASTER=A220 I7 D1 P330 T4 C:\UNISOUND\UNISOUND.EXE /V60 /VW60 /VF60 /VL60 /VP60 /VC0 /VM0

4. Reboot the system, and you should get the following output:

Universal ISA PnP Sound Card Driver for DOS v0.76f. (c) JazeFox 2019-21

PnP card found: [CSC7537] CS4237B BLASTER environment var found! Loading settings... ADD:220 WSS:534 OPL:388 IRQ:7 DMA:1/1 MPU:330/I9 CTR:120 JOY:200 Initialization done. Crystal Mixer [VOL:85 WAV:80 FM:80 LIN:0 CD:0 MIC:0]

5. Feel free to experiment with the different volume levels, look at the `C:\UNISOUND\UNISOUND.TXT` file for further guidance.
6. Fire up a few games to test that Adlib, SoundBlaster FM and digital sound effects are working properly.

## MT-32 / General MIDI
If you've installed [mt32-pi][mt32-pi] on a Raspberry Pi Zero 2 and connected it to the TinyLlama, it should be ready to go using IO port 330. Use the third button from the left (labeled "SYNTH_SW" on the PCB) to switch between MT-32 and General MIDI mode.  
If you want to play old games that require "MPU-401 Intelligent Mode" (Sierra games, Monkey Island 1, etc), try running [SoftMPU][softmpu]:

C:\SOFTMPU>softmpu /mpu:330 /sb:220 /irq:7


If you want to hook up an I²C OLED display to the mt32-pi, there's a pin header on the TinyLlama labeled "I2C_OLED". The order of the pins from 1 to 4 is: GND, VCC, SCL, SDA with pin 1 being the one closest to the 3.5mm audio jack.

## WiFi Connectivity
There's a [section][wiki-wifi] in the wiki dedicated to this, take a look.

## Wiki
For an in-depth discussion of the various components, installation, configuration, etc, take a look at the [wiki][wiki].

## Help
This project is indended for people with a fair bit of hardware- and DOS knowledge. If you have questions or need help, please look at the [wiki][wiki] and [FAQ][wiki-faq] section first.

## Roadmap
Coming.  
In the mean time feel free to post [an issue][issues] if you have tips, suggestions or want to report an error.

## License
[GNU General Public License v3.0](LICENSE)

## Contact
Development thread: [Vogons][vogons-thread]  
Mastodon: [@eivindbohler@techhub.social][mastodon]  
Twitter: [@eivindbohler][twitter]  
YouTube: [@eivindbohler][youtube]

## Acknowledgements

Many thanks to
- [Sergey Kiselev][sergeys-projects] for sparking my interest in designing and building computers.
- [Rasteri][rasteri-videos] for introducing me to the CS4237B chip.
- [The Vogons forum][vogons] for inspiration, help and support.
- [86Duino / DMP][86duino] for making a great and affordable system-on-module.
- [Dale Whinham / mt32-pi][mt32-pi] for making the best synth emulator software.

[tinyllama1]: https://github.com/eivindbohler/tinyllama
[hidman]: https://github.com/rasteri/HIDman
[wiki-alternative-gpus]: https://github.com/eivindbohler/tinyllama2/wiki/alternative-gpus
[bios]: https://github.com/eivindbohler/tinyllama2-bios

[wiki]: https://github.com/eivindbohler/tinyllama2/wiki
[wiki-assembly]: https://github.com/eivindbohler/tinyllama2/wiki/assembly
[wiki-bom]: https://github.com/eivindbohler/tinyllama2/wiki/bom
[wiki-faq]: https://github.com/eivindbohler/tinyllama2/wiki/faq
[wiki-wifi]: https://github.com/eivindbohler/tinyllama2/wiki/wifi-connectivity

[balena-etcher]: https://www.balena.io/etcher
[mt32-pi-oled]: https://github.com/dwhinham/mt32-pi/wiki/LCD-and-OLED-display
[wch]: http://www.wch-ic.com/products/CH559.html

[issues]: https://github.com/eivindbohler/tinyllama2/issues

[vogons-thread]: https://www.vogons.org/viewtopic.php?t=84880
[mastodon]: https://techhub.social/@eivindbohler
[twitter]: https://twitter.com/eivindbohler
[youtube]: https://youtube.com/@eivindbohler

[sergeys-projects]: http://www.malinov.com/Home/sergeys-projects
[rasteri-videos]: https://www.youtube.com/user/TheRasteri/videos
[vogons]: https://www.vogons.org
[86duino]: https://www.86duino.com
[mt32-pi]: https://github.com/dwhinham/mt32-pi
[softmpu]: http://bjt42.github.io/softmpu