Dexador is yet another HTTP client for Common Lisp with neat APIs and connection-pooling.
This software is still BETA quality. The APIs will be likely to change.
See also a presentation given at Lisp Meetup #31.
(dex:get "http://lisp.org/")
(dex:post "https://example.com/login"
:content '(("name" . "fukamachi") ("password" . "1ispa1ien")))
You can specify a form-data at :content
in an association list. The data will be sent in application/x-www-form-urlencoded
format.
(dex:post "http://example.com/entry/create"
:content '(("title" . "The Truth About Lisp")
("body" . "In which the truth about lisp is revealed, and some alternatives are enumerated.")))
If the association list contains a pathname, the data will be sent as multipart/form-data
.
(dex:post "http://example.com/entry/create"
:content '(("photo" . #P"images/2015030201.jpg")))
If the server reports that the requested page has moved to a different location (indicated with a Location header and a 3XX response code), Dexador will redo the request on the new place, the fourth return value shows.
(dex:head "http://lisp.org")
;=> ""
; 200
; #<HASH-TABLE :TEST EQUAL :COUNT 7 {100D2A47A3}>
; #<QURI.URI.HTTP:URI-HTTP http://lisp.org/index.html>
; NIL
You can limit the count of redirection by specifying :max-redirects
with an integer. The default value is 5
.
Dexador adopts cl-cookie for its cookie management. All functions takes a cookie-jar instance at :cookie-jar
.
(defvar *cookie-jar* (cl-cookie:make-cookie-jar))
(dex:head "https://mixi.jp" :cookie-jar *cookie-jar* :verbose t)
;-> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
; HEAD / HTTP/1.1
; User-Agent: Dexador/0.1 (SBCL 1.2.9); Darwin; 14.1.0
; Host: mixi.jp
; Accept: */*
;
; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
; <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
; HTTP/1.1 200 OK
; Date: Tue, 10 Mar 2015 10:16:29 GMT
; Server: Apache
; X-Dealer: 152151
; X-XRDS-Location: https://mixi.jp/xrds.pl
; Cache-Control: no-cache
; Pragma: no-cache
; Vary: User-Agent
; Content-Type: text/html; charset=EUC-JP
; Set-Cookie: _auid=9d47ca5a00ce4980c41511beb2626fd4; domain=.mixi.jp; path=/; expires=Thu, 09-Mar-2017 10:16:29 GMT
; Set-Cookie: _lcp=8ee4121c9866435007fff2c90dc31a4d; domain=.mixi.jp; expires=Wed, 11-Mar-2015 10:16:29 GMT
; X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
;
; <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
;; Again
(dex:head "https://mixi.jp" :cookie-jar *cookie-jar* :verbose t)
;-> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
; HEAD / HTTP/1.1
; User-Agent: Dexador/0.1 (SBCL 1.2.9); Darwin; 14.1.0
; Host: mixi.jp
; Accept: */*
; Cookie: _auid=b878756ed71a0ed5bcf527e324c78f8c; _lcp=8ee4121c9866435007fff2c90dc31a4d
;
; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
; <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
; HTTP/1.1 200 OK
; Date: Tue, 10 Mar 2015 10:16:59 GMT
; Server: Apache
; X-Dealer: 152146
; X-XRDS-Location: https://mixi.jp/xrds.pl
; Cache-Control: no-cache
; Pragma: no-cache
; Vary: User-Agent
; Content-Type: text/html; charset=EUC-JP
; Set-Cookie: _auid=b878756ed71a0ed5bcf527e324c78f8c; domain=.mixi.jp; path=/; expires=Thu, 09-Mar-2017 10:16:59 GMT
; Set-Cookie: _lcp=8ee4121c9866435007fff2c90dc31a4d; domain=.mixi.jp; expires=Wed, 11-Mar-2015 10:16:59 GMT
; X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
;
; <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
You can only supply either basic or bearer authorization.
(dex:head "http://www.hatena.ne.jp/" :basic-auth '("nitro_idiot" . "password") :verbose t)
;-> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
; HEAD / HTTP/1.1
; User-Agent: Dexador/0.1 (SBCL 1.2.9); Darwin; 14.1.0
; Host: www.hatena.ne.jp
; Accept: */*
; Authorization: Basic bml0cm9faWRpb3Q6cGFzc3dvcmQ=
;
; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
(dex:head "http://www.hatena.ne.jp/" :bearer-auth "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9"
:verbose t)
;-> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
; HEAD / HTTP/1.1
; User-Agent: Dexador/0.9.15 (SBCL 2.4.3); Linux; 6.7.0-20-amd64
; Host: www.hatena.ne.jp
; Accept: */*
; Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9
;
; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
You can overwrite the default User-Agent header by simply specifying "User-Agent" in :headers
.
(dex:head "http://www.sbcl.org/" :verbose t)
;-> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
; HEAD / HTTP/1.1
; User-Agent: Dexador/0.1 (SBCL 1.2.6); Darwin; 14.1.0
; Host: www.sbcl.org
; Accept: */*
;
; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
(dex:head "http://www.sbcl.org/"
:headers '(("User-Agent" . "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_10_2) AppleWebKit/600.3.18 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/8.0.3 Safari/600.3.18"))
:verbose t)
;-> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
; HEAD / HTTP/1.1
; User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_10_2) AppleWebKit/600.3.18 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/8.0.3 Safari/600.3.18
; Host: www.sbcl.org
; Accept: */*
;
; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Dexador reuses a connection by default. As it skips a TCP handshake, it would be much faster when you send requests to the same host continuously.
Dexador signals a condition http-request-failed
when the server returned 4xx or 5xx status code.
;; Handles 400 bad request
(handler-case (dex:get "http://lisp.org")
(dex:http-request-bad-request ()
;; Runs when 400 bad request returned
)
(dex:http-request-failed (e)
;; For other 4xx or 5xx
(format *error-output* "The server returned ~D" (dex:response-status e))))
;; Ignore 404 Not Found and continue
(handler-bind ((dex:http-request-not-found #'dex:ignore-and-continue))
(dex:get "http://lisp.org"))
;; Retry
(handler-bind ((dex:http-request-failed #'dex:retry-request))
(dex:get "http://lisp.org"))
;; Retry 5 times
(let ((retry-request (dex:retry-request 5 :interval 3)))
(handler-bind ((dex:http-request-failed retry-request))
(dex:get "http://lisp.org")))
You can connect via proxy.
(dex:get "http://lisp.org/" :proxy "http://proxy.yourcompany.com:8080/")
You can connect via SOCKS5 proxy.
(dex:get "https://www.facebookcorewwwi.onion/" :proxy "socks5://127.0.0.1:9150")
You can set the default proxy by setting
dex:*default-proxy*
which defaults to the value of the environment variable HTTPS_PROXY or HTTP_PROXY
All functions take similar arguments.
uri
(string or quri:uri)method
(keyword)
:GET
, :HEAD
, :OPTIONS
, :PUT
, :POST
, or :DELETE
. The default is :GET
.version
(number)
1.0
or 1.1
. The default is 1.1
.content
(string, alist or pathname)
headers
(alist)
NIL
, the header won't be sent. You can overwrite the default headers (Host, User-Agent, Accept, Content-Type) by this with the same header name.basic-auth
(cons of username and password)
'("foo" . "bar")
)cookie-jar
(cookie-jar of cl-cookie)
connect-timeout
(fixnum)
10
, the value of *default-connect-timeout*
.read-timeout
(fixnum)
10
, the value of *default-read-timeout*
.keep-alive
(boolean)
T
.use-connection-pool
(boolean)
:keep-alive t
, will internally cache the socket connection to web servers to avoid having to open new ones. This is compatible with :want-stream t
(when you close the returned stream or it is garbage collected the connection will be returned to the pool). If you pass in a stream with :stream
then the connection pool is not used (unless there is a redirect to a new web server). This is not supported when using the WINHTTP backend. The default is T
.max-redirects
(fixnum)
5
. If the redirection exceeds the limit, functions return the last response (not raise a condition).ssl-key-file
, ssl-cert-file
, ssl-key-password
stream
:keep-alive T
. This allows the caller to do connection pooling, etc. It is easier to just use :use-connection-pool t
, which is the default, and let the dexador internals take care of this for you (only supported for usocket backends).verbose
(boolean)
T
, it dumps the HTTP request headers.force-binary
(boolean)
want-stream
(boolean)
proxy
(string)
dex:*default-proxy*
which defaults to the value of environment variables HTTPS_PROXY or HTTP_PROXY. Not supported on windows currentlyinsecure
(boolean)
NIL
, the value of *not-verify-ssl*
.
(dex:request uri &key (method get) (version 1.1) content headers
basic-auth cookie-jar (connect-timeout *default-connect-timeout*)
(read-timeout *default-read-timeout*) (keep-alive t) (use-connection-pool t)
(max-redirects 5) ssl-key-file ssl-cert-file ssl-key-password stream
(verbose *verbose*) force-binary force-string want-stream proxy
(insecure *not-verify-ssl*) ca-path)
;=> body
; status
; response-headers
; uri
; stream
Send an HTTP request to uri
.
The body
is an octet vector or a string if the Content-Type
is text/*
. If you always want it to return an octet vector, specify :force-binary
as T
.
The status
is an integer which represents HTTP status code.
The response-headers
is a hash table which represents HTTP response headers. Note that all hash keys are downcased like "content-type". If there's duplicate HTTP headers, those values are concatenated with a comma.
The uri
is a QURI object which represents the last URI Dexador requested.
The stream
is a usocket stream to communicate with the HTTP server if the connection is still alive and can be reused. This value may be NIL
if :keep-alive
is NIL
or the server closed the connection with Connection: close
header or you are using :use-connection-pool t
which handles re-using the connections for you.
This function signals http-request-failed
when the HTTP status code is 4xx or 5xx.
(dex:get uri &key version headers basic-auth cookie-jar keep-alive
use-connection-pool connect-timeout read-timeout max-redirects
force-binary force-string want-stream ssl-key-file
ssl-cert-file ssl-key-password stream verbose proxy insecure
ca-path)
(dex:post uri &key version content headers basic-auth cookie-jar
keep-alive use-connection-pool connect-timeout read-timeout
force-binary force-string want-stream ssl-key-file
ssl-cert-file ssl-key-password stream verbose proxy insecure
ca-path)
(dex:head uri &key version headers basic-auth cookie-jar connect-timeout
read-timeout max-redirects ssl-key-file ssl-cert-file
ssl-key-password stream verbose proxy insecure ca-path)
(dex:put uri &key version content headers basic-auth cookie-jar
keep-alive use-connection-pool connect-timeout read-timeout
force-binary force-string want-stream ssl-key-file
ssl-cert-file ssl-key-password stream verbose proxy insecure
ca-path)
(dex:patch uri &key version content headers basic-auth cookie-jar
keep-alive use-connection-pool connect-timeout read-timeout
force-binary force-string want-stream ssl-key-file
ssl-cert-file ssl-key-password stream verbose proxy insecure
ca-path)
(dex:delete uri &key version headers basic-auth cookie-jar keep-alive
use-connection-pool connect-timeout read-timeout
force-binary force-string want-stream ssl-key-file
ssl-cert-file ssl-key-password stream verbose proxy insecure
ca-path)
Send a GET request to URI
and write the response body to the DESTINATION
.
(dex:fetch uri destination &key (if-exists error) verbose proxy insecure)
(time (dotimes (i 30) (drakma:http-request "http://files.8arrow.org/181B.html")))
Evaluation took:
1.012 seconds of real time
0.174742 seconds of total run time (0.148141 user, 0.026601 system)
17.29% CPU
1,683 forms interpreted
500 lambdas converted
3,027,928,949 processor cycles
29,416,656 bytes consed
(time (dotimes (i 30) (dex:get "http://files.8arrow.org/181B.html")))
Evaluation took:
0.499 seconds of real time
0.028057 seconds of total run time (0.019234 user, 0.008823 system)
5.61% CPU
56 forms interpreted
16 lambdas converted
1,494,851,690 processor cycles
1,472,992 bytes consed
Copyright (c) 2015 Eitaro Fukamachi (e.arrows@gmail.com)
Licensed under the MIT License.