Hyperledger Iroha

Iroha is a simple and efficient blockchain ledger based on the distributed ledger technology (DLT). Its design principles are inspired by the Japanese Kaizen principle of eliminating excesses (muri).

Iroha can help you manage your accounts, assets, on-chain data storage with efficient smart contracts, while being Byzantine- and crash-fault tolerant.

Features

Iroha is a fully-featured blockchain ledger. With Iroha you can:

Create and manage custom fungible assets, such as currencies, gold, and others
Create and manage non-fungible assets
Manage user accounts with a domain hierarchy and multi-signature transactions
Use efficient portable smart contracts implemented either via WebAssembly or Iroha Special Instructions
Use both permissioned and permission-less blockchain deployments

Iroha offers:

Byzantine fault-tolerance with up to 33% fault rate
Efficient in-memory operations
Extensive telemetry support out of the box
Modular structure
Event-driven architecture with strongly-typed events

Overview

Check system requirements and instructions on how to build and run Iroha
Learn about the crates Iroha provides
Learn how to configure and use Iroha
Read more about Iroha

Engage with the community:

Contribute to the repository
Contact us to get help

System Requirements

RAM and storage requirements depend on your use case: whether you need to build or deploy a network, how big it is, and so on. This table summarises the requirements:

Use case	CPU	RAM	Storage[^1]
Build (minimum)	Dual-core CPU	4GB	20GB
Build (recommend)	AMD Ryzen™ 5 1600	16GB	40GB
Deploy (small)	Dual-core CPU	8GB+	20GB+
Deploy (large)	AMD Epyc™ 64-core	128GB	128GB+

[^1]: Note that all operations are done in RAM, so in theory Iroha can work without persistent storage. However, since synchronising blocks over the network after a power failure may take a long time, we recommend adding a hard drive.

Regarding RAM requirements:

On average, you need 5 KiB of RAM per account. A network with 1 000 000 accounts uses 5GiB of memory.
Each transfer or Mint instruction requires 1 KiB per instruction.
RAM usage grows linearly, as all transactions are stored in memory. You should expect to consume more RAM with a higher TPS and uptime.

CPU considerations:

Rust compilation highly favours multi-core CPUs such as Apple M1™, AMD Ryzen™/Threadripper™/Epyc™, and Intel Alder Lake™.
On systems with restricted memory and many CPU cores, Iroha compilation may sometimes fail with SIGKILL. To avoid it, restrict the number of CPU cores using cargo build -j <number>, where <number> (without the angle brackets) is half of your RAM capacity rounded down.

Build, Test, and Run Iroha

Prerequisites:

Rust
(Optional) Docker
(Optional) Docker Compose

(Optional) Run included tests

Run included code tests: ```bash cargo test ``` Run API functional tests: ```bash cargo build chmod +x target/debug/irohad chmod +x target/debug/iroha bash ./scripts/test_env.sh setup bash ./scripts/tests/register_mint_quantity.sh bash ./scripts/test_env.sh cleanup ``` To generate WASM files for smart contracts, use the provided script `generate_wasm.sh`. If you are in the root directory of Iroha run the following command: ```bash bash ./scripts/generate_wasm.sh [path/to/smartcontracts] ``` The generated WASM files will be saved in a generated directory `test-smartcontracts`, relative to your current working directory. The default path for smart contracts in this project is `client/tests/integration/smartcontracts`.

Build Iroha

Build Iroha and accompanying binaries:
```
cargo build
```
(Optional) Build the latest Iroha image:
```
docker build . -t hyperledger/iroha2:dev
```
If you skip this step, the Iroha container will be built using the latest available image.

Run Iroha

Once you have built Iroha, you can instantiate the minimum viable network:

docker compose up

With the docker-compose instance running, use Iroha Client CLI:

cargo run --bin iroha -- --config ./configs/swarm/client.toml

Integration

Iroha project mainly consists of the following crates:

iroha provides a library for building clients that communicate with peers.
[irohad](server cli) is the command-line application for deploying an Iroha peer. Contains the routing table and definitions of API endpoints.
[iroha_client_cli](client cli) is the reference implementation of a client.
iroha_core is the primary library used by all other crates, including the peer endpoint management.
iroha_config handles configuration and documentation generation for options and run-time changes.
iroha_crypto defines cryptographic aspects of Iroha.
kagami is used to generate cryptographic keys, default genesis, configuration reference, and schema.
iroha_data_model defines common data models in Iroha.
iroha_futures is used for async programming.
iroha_logger uses tracing to provide logging facilities.
iroha_macro provides the convenience macros.
iroha_p2p defines peer creation and handshake logic.
iroha_default_executor defines runtime validation logic.
iroha_telemetry is used for monitoring and analysis of telemetry data.
iroha_version provides message versioning for non-simultaneous system updates.

Maintenance

A brief overview on how to configure and maintain an Iroha instance:

Configuration
Endpoints
Logging
Monitoring
Storage
Scalability

Configuration

There is a set of configuration parameters that could be passed either through a configuration file or environment variables.

irohad --config /path/to/config.toml

Note: detailed configuration reference is work in progress.

Endpoints

For a list of all endpoints, available operations, and ways to customize them with parameters, see API Reference > Torii Endpoints

Logging

By default, Iroha provides logs in a human-readable format and prints them out to stdout.

The logging level can be changed either via the logger.level configuration parameter or at run-time using the configuration endpoint.

Example: changing log level

For example, if your Iroha instance is running at `127.0.0.1:8080` and you want to change the log level to `DEBUG` using `curl`, you should send a `POST` request with a JSON containing the new log level. Like this: ```bash curl -X POST \ -H 'content-type: application/json' \ http://127.0.0.1:8080/configuration \ -d '{"logger": {"level": "DEBUG"}}' -i ```

The log format might be configured via the logger.format configuration parameter. Possible values are: full (default), compact, pretty, and json.

Output goes to /dev/stdout. Piping to files or log rotation is the responsibility of the peer administrator.

Monitoring

The details of the Health endpoint can be found in the API Reference > Torii Endpoints.

Iroha can produce both JSON-formatted as well as prometheus-readable metrics at the status and metrics endpoints respectively.

The prometheus monitoring system is the de-factor standard for monitoring long-running services such as an Iroha peer. In order to get started, install prometheus and use configs/prometheus.template.yml for configuration.

Storage

Iroha stores blocks and snapshots in the storage directory, which is created automatically by Iroha in the working directory of the peer. If kura.block_store_path is specified in the config file, it overrides the default one and is resolved relative to the config file location.

Note: detailed configuration reference is work in progress.

Scalability

Multiple instances of Iroha peer and client binaries can be run on the same physical machine and in the same working directory. However, we recommend to give each instance a clean new working directory.

The provided docker-compose file showcases a minimum viable network and the general methods of using the hyperledger/iroha2:dev docker image for deploying a network of peers.

How to Contribute

We welcome community contributions! Report bugs and suggest improvements via GitHub issues and pull requests.

Check out our contributing guide to learn more.

Get Help

Check out the channels you could use to get help or engage with the community.

License

Iroha codebase is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.

Iroha documentation files are made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY-4.0), available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/