pi-heating

Some scripts tweaked from https://github.com/JeffreyPowell, and many others created by me.

Also there are CAD drawings and PCB layouts to build the electrical parts.

Eventually you will have a Raspberry Pi that:

controls (for example) a heater
measures and logs your electric power consumption
measures and logs numerous temperatures
measures and logs wind direction and speed
measures and logs rain
presents it all via web GUI with some nice graphs
also presents it on LCD displays
can export logs to (spreadsheet or) csv

Let's start it all by

Installing OS

Download 'Raspberry Pi OS Lite' from https://www.raspberrypi.com/software/operating-systems/

Cd to where your download is and unpack it

$ unzip *-raspios-buster-armhf-lite.zip

Insert SD-card and find out drive letter

$ dmesg

For example /dev/mmcblk0 or /dev/sdb

Unmount if mounted

$ umount /dev/mmcblk0p1

Write image to SD-card

$ sudo dd bs=4M if=<version>-raspios-buster-armhf-lite.img of=/dev/<device> conv=fsync status=progress

1870659584 bytes (1,9 GB, 1,7 GiB) copied, 105 s, 17,8 MB/s  
447+0 records in  
447+0 records out  
1874853888 bytes (1,9 GB, 1,7 GiB) copied, 139,716 s, 13,4 MB/s

Remove SD-card and insert it again to make new partitions visible

Mount the first partition

$ sudo mount /dev/<device>1 /mnt/tmp

Write empty file to boot partition to enable ssh at boot

$ sudo touch /mnt/tmp/ssh

Remove SD-card and insert it in a RPi connected to your local network and boot it up

RPi configuration

How to find RPi's IP

If you can't locate the IP, here's a little tutorial

First find your subnet

$ ip -o -f inet addr show | awk '/scope global/ {print $4}'

You will get something like

192.168.10.39/24

where the first of is your ip, and the second is the netmask

Now scan your local network for hosts

$ nmap -snP 192.168.10.0/24

where the first is your subnet, and the last is the netmask
Try to figure out which is your RPi from the output

How to connect without ssh password (optional)

If you haven't already, create a keypair

$ ssh-keygen ~/.ssh/id_rsa

Copy the public key to RPi

$ ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub pi@<IP>

Connect and configure

$ ssh <IP> -l pi

Update

$ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade && sudo apt autoremove

Configure

$ sudo raspi-config

1 S3 Change password
1 S4 Change hostname
3 P7 Enable 1-wire at boot
4 P2 Set GPU memory to 16
5 L1 Set locales (I chose en_GB.UTF-8 and sv_SE.UTF-8, setting en_GB.UTF-8 as default)
5 L2 Set time zone
5 L3 Choose keyboard layout (not necessary if you only connect by ssh)
5 L4 Set wifi country
6 A1 Expand file system to use whole SD-card

Reboot to set new options

$ sudo reboot && exit

Now it's time to:

Download sources

Connect to the RPi again
Install git, if you haven't already

$ sudo apt install git -y

Make sure you're in pi's home directory

$ cd /home/pi

Download source files

$ git clone https://github.com/jonsag/pi-heating.git

Installation

Go to the newly downloaded directory

$ cd pi-heating

and run the install script

$ sudo ./install.sh

The script will ask you many questions, and you will have some options on each:

Click enter to accept the default 'yes'
Enter 'n' or 'N' to decline
Enter 'h' or 'H' to view the help explanation

Also you will have to answer some questions during the installs themselves, especially when MariaDB is installed.

Post install setup

piHeatingHub

In a browser, go to

http://<IP>:8080/status.php

Adding sensors

Click

Input Sensors

and then

Scan for new sensors

After scanning click

Done

Adding devices

Click

Output Devices

Click

Add new

Click

Edit

on the new one just added.
Fill in all the fields and then click

Save

and then

Done

twice.

Note: Pin numbers are used, NOT GPIO numbers.

If using the piHeatingLCD hat, the one output device is at GPIO15, pin 10, and it it active HIGH, so you would set H/L to 1.
Follow further instructions under piHeatingLCD

piHeatingRemote

After connecting Dallas temperature sensors,
find 1-wire devices serial numbers

$ ls /sys/bus/w1/devices/

Edit

/home/pi/bin/piHeatingRemote/configs/sensors

and insert serials and names, for example

28-0516b4ff09ff = Out

To see value

$ cat /sys/bus/w1/devices/28-0416c1ec26ff/w1_slave

See how many devices added

$ curl localhost:8081/count.php && echo

See names

$ curl localhost:8081/name.php?id=1 && echo

change id=1 to id=2 etc

See values

$ curl localhost:8081/value.php?id=1 && echo

piHeatingLCD

The LCD and buttons will work if:

you have a schedule that always keep a low temperature
you have a second schedule that pulls up the temperature at certain times
you have a single mode that pulls up the temperature
you have a single timer that pulls up the temperature

Build according to files in

Documents/piHeatingLCD

Web setup

In a browser, go to

http://<IP>:8080/status.php

Add sensor

Add the sensor that will measure the temperature that will be regulated.

Click

Input Sensors
Scan for new sensors

When sensor is found, click

Done

Add devices

Add the device that will control the heater.

Click

Output Devices

Click

Add new

Click

Edit

on the newly added device.
Set

Name: <name>
GPIO Pin: 10
Pin Active H/L: <if you use the NO, then this should be 1>

Click

Save
Done
Done

Add mode

This mode will pull up the temperature to the higher level indefinitely.

Click

Modes
Add new

Click

Edit

on the newly added mode, and set

Name: <name>

, for example 'Warm' to indicate it will be used to pull up the temperature.

Then click

Done

Add timer

This timer will be used to pull up the temperature for a certain amount of time.

Click

Timers
Add new

Ón the newly created timer, click

Edit

Set

Name: <name for the timer, for example 'Warm 6 hrs'>
Duration: <the duration the timer will be active, in minutes,for example '360'>

, then click

Save
Done
Done

Add schedules

The first schedule will pull up the temperature once, or several times, a week.

Click

Schedules
Add new

Click

Edit

on the newly created schedule.

Enter

Name: <name, for example 'Weekly meeting'>
Start time: <some time before the temperature must be reached>
End time: <the time when the temperature can start dropping>
Repeat schedule every: <the day in question>
When sensors: <sensor created earlier> IS LESS THAN <the high temperature you want to maintain>
AND Timers: <timer previously added> STOPPED
Activate Devices:<mark the device you created before>
AND Modes: <mode previously added> OFF

Click

Save
Done

The second schedule will use the mode created earlier to pull up the temperature indefinitely

Add another timer as before and enter

Name: <name, for example 'Warm'>
Start time: 00:00:00
End time: 23:59:59
Repeat schedule every: <mark all weekdays>
When sensors:  <sensor created earlier> IS LESS THAN <the high temperature you want to maintain>
AND Timers: <timer previously added> (IS IGNORED)
Activate Devices: <mark the device you created before>
AND Modes: <mode previously added> ON

Click

Save
Done

The third schedule will use the timer created earlier to pull up the temperature the time set

Add another timer as before and enter

Name: <name, for example 'Warm, 6 hrs'>
Start time: 00:00:00
End time: 23:59:59
Repeat schedule every: <mark all weekdays>
When sensors:  <sensor created earlier> IS LESS THAN <the high temperature you want to maintain>
AND Timers: <timer previously added> RUNNING
Activate Devices: <mark the device you created before>
AND Modes: <mode previously added> (IS IGNORED)

Click

Save
Done

The fourth, and last, schedule will keep the temperature low at all other times

Add another schedule as before and enter

Name: <name, for example 'Cold'>
Start time: 00:00:00
End time: 23:59:59
Repeat schedule every: <mark all weekdays>
When sensors: <sensor created earlier> IS LESS THAN <the low temperature you want to maintain>
AND Timers: <timer previously added> STOPPED
Activate Devices: <mark the device you created before>
AND Modes: <mode previously added> OFF

Click

Save
Done
Done

Resources

Calculate burden resistor for your current clamp

$ python resistor.py \<resistance> \<tolerance>

Usage

The LCD screen stays dark, unless pressing a button.

Button 1: Shows status
Button 2: Toggles mode, heats indefinitely
Button 3: Toggles timer, heats for set time
Button 4: Cancels both mode and timer

Note

If you install on Raspberry Pi rev 1, you must edit

piHeatingLCD/config.ini

Change line from

lcd_d6        = 27

lcd_d6        = 21

piPowerTempLog

Build according to files in

Documents/ardPowerTempLog

This build requires an ethernet shield.

piWeatherLog

Build according to files in

Documents/ardWeatherLog

Connect the Arduino Weather Sensor to RPi

Find out tty-device

$ dmesg | grep tty

Probably named something like '/dev/ttyACM0'
If not, edit

/var/www/piWeatherLog/weather.php

Change line

$serial->deviceSet("/dev/ttyACM0");

In file

/home/pi/bin/piWeatherLog/cron/bootWrapper.sh

change lines

stty -F /dev/ttyACM0 cs8 9600 ign...

and

screen -d -m -S init /dev/ttyACM0 9600

so it matches the output from dmesg command

The electrical builds

For all electrical builds there are CAD files for each project under 'Documentation'.
Not all have finished PCB etch masks available as pdf.
If you like to make some yourself, install KiCad (https://www.kicad.org) and just make them.
I have made all as single layer PCBs myself, but just go ahead and route some double layered ones.
If you don't want to make them them yourself, I can recommend JLCPCB (https://jlcpcb.com), reasonably fast and very cheap.

piHeatingLCD

ardPowerTempLog

testing

This build also require some current clamps.

I use three of these.
If you go with other ones you will have to adapt your resistor values accordingly.

Also, of course, you will need some DS18B20 1-wire temperature sensors.

Other ones will also do, but then check what library and settings you use in the Arduino sketch.
I have soldered cables directly to the pins, and connected it to a phono plug.

Then you will need some device to catch the blinks on your power meter.

ardWeatherLog

I use an ordinary ethernet cable to connect the Arduino to the weather sensors.

The sensors are some devices I got from a cheap weather station.

I just tossed the LCD that went with it.

Install Arduino IDE

Install Arduino IDE from https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software

$ mv arduino-.tar.xz ~/bin
$ cd ~/bin
$ tar -xvJf arduino-.tar.xz
$ cd arduino-*
$ ./install.sh

Install Average library

Copy directory Average to your Arduino/libraries directory

Quick reference

What is installed and where

Executables installed in

/home/pi/bin

Web GUI installed in

/var/www

Apache site configurations in

/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/

Apache listen directives in

/etc/apache2/ports.conf

Gpio service installed at

/lib/systemd/system/gpio.service

Extended boot parameters in

/boot/config.txt

Database at

/var/lib/mysql/piHeatingDB

Cron jobs in

/etc/cron.d/piHeating
/etc/cron.d/piPowerTempLog

Notes

piHeatingHub

executables installs in /home/pi/bin/piHeatingHub
www installs in /var/www/piHeatingHub
runs on port 8080
mysql setup creates password, and stores credentials /home/pi/bin/piHeatingHub/config/config.ini
secure install creates password for user 'admin', and stores it in /home/pi/bin/piHeatingHub/.htpasswd
runs cron job at /home/pi/bin/piHeatingHub/cron/wrapper.sh every minute

piHeatingRemote

executables installs in /home/pi/bin/piHeatingRemote
www installs in /var/www/piHeatingRemote
runs on port 8081

piHeatingLCD

executables installs in /home/pi/bin/piHeatingLCD
requires gpio-watch
requires Adafruit Char LCD

piPowerTempLog

executables installs in /home/pi/bin/piPowerTempLog
www installs in /var/www/piPowerTempLog
runs on port 8082
runs cron job at /home/pi/bin/piPowerTempLog/cron/wrapper.sh every 2 minutes

piWeatherLog

executables installs in /home/pi/bin/piWeatherLog
www installs in /var/www/piWeatherLog
runs on port 8083
runs cron job at /home/pi/bin/piWeatherLog/cron/wrapper.sh every 2 minutes

URLs

Hub:
Pi heating hub status page: http://\<IP>:8080/status.php

Remote:
Sensors count: http://\<IP>:8081/count.php
Sensor name for sensor #1: http://\<IP>:8081/name.php?id=1
Sensor value for sensor #1: http://\<IP>:8081/value.php?id=1

Power log:
Main page: http://\<IP>:8082

Weather log:
Main page: http://\<IP>:8083/weather.php

Testing

Below is only for my testing during development
Use with caution!

Upload source

$ rsync -avz --delete . pi@192.168.10.52:pi-heating/

Upload piPowerTempLog www

$ rsync -avz . pi@192.168.10.52:/var/www/piPowerTempLog && ssh pi@192.168.10.52 "sudo chown pi:www-data /var/www/piPowerTempLog -R && sudo chmod 755 /var/www/piPowerTempLog/*.php"

Upload piHeatingHub www

$ rsync -avz . pi@192.168.10.52:/var/www/piHeatingHub && ssh pi@192.168.10.52 "sudo chown pi:www-data /var/www/piHeatingHub -R && sudo chmod 755 /var/www/piHeatingHub/*.php"

On hub

View gpio.service

$ cat /lib/systemd/system/gpio.service

View gpio script

$ cat /home/pi/bin/piHeatingLCD/gpio-scripts

View gpio-watch log

$ tail -f ~/bin/piHeatingLCD/gpio-watch.log

Test LCD

$ /home/pi/bin/piHeatingLCD/print-to-lcd.py -1 test1 -2 test2

Simulate Button 1 press

View config file

$ cat /home/pi/bin/piHeatingHub/config/config.ini

$ mysql -u pi -p$(cat /home/pi/bin/piHeatingHub/config/config.ini | grep password | awk '{ print $3 }') piHeatingDB

using password from the above config

Change ip on sensor

$ UPDATE sensors SET ip = 'new ip' WHERE ip = 'old ip';

Set values for tty communications

$ stty -F /dev/ttyACM0 cs8 9600 ignbrk -brkint -imaxbel -opost -onlcr -isig -icanon -iexten -echo -echoe -echok -echoctl -echoke noflsh -ixon -crtscts

On remote

Show sensor ids

$ ls /sys/bus/w1/devices/

Check Arduino output

Connect to arduino with screen:

$ screen /dev/ttyACM0 9600 -S \

To get screen command prompt, enter
[C-a] :
Then type

quit

and [Return]

or from outside of screen

$ screen -XS \ quit

Kill screen with ^ak or control-a k

jonsag / pi-heating

readme

pi-heating

Installing OS

RPi configuration

How to find RPi's IP

How to connect without ssh password (optional)

Connect and configure

Download sources

Installation

Post install setup

piHeatingHub

Adding sensors

Adding devices

piHeatingRemote

piHeatingLCD

Web setup

Add sensor

Add devices

Add mode

Add timer

Add schedules

Resources

Usage

Note

piPowerTempLog

piWeatherLog

The electrical builds

piHeatingLCD

ardPowerTempLog

ardWeatherLog

Install Arduino IDE

Install Average library

Quick reference

What is installed and where

Notes

URLs

Testing

On hub

On remote

Check Arduino output