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kartoza / docker-geoserver

A docker recipe for GeoServer
GNU General Public License v2.0
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Kartoza docker-geoserver

Getting the image

There are various ways to get the image onto your system:

Pulling from Dockerhub

The preferred way (but using the most bandwidth for the initial image) is to get our docker-trusted build like this:

VERSION=2.26.1
docker pull kartoza/geoserver:$VERSION

Note Although the images are tagged and backed by unit tests it is recommended to use tagged versions with dates i.e. kartoza/geoserver:$VERSION--v2024.03.31.The first date available from dockerhub It would be the first version for that series. Successive builds that fix issues tend to override the tagged images and also produce dated images.

Building the image

Local build using repository checkout

To build yourself with a local checkout using the docker-compose-build.yml:

  1. Clone the GitHub repository:

    git clone https://github.com/kartoza/docker-geoserver

  2. Edit the build arguments in the .env file:

  3. Build the container and spin up the services

    cd docker-geoserver
docker-compose -f docker-compose-build.yml up -d geoserver-prod --build

Building with a specific version of Tomcat

To build using a specific tagged release of the tomcat image set the IMAGE_VERSION build arg: See the dockerhub tomcat for available tags.

VERSION=2.26.1
IMAGE_VERSION=9.0.91-jdk11-temurin-focal
docker build --build-arg IMAGE_VERSION=${IMAGE_VERSION} --build-arg GS_VERSION=${VERSION} -t kartoza/geoserver:${VERSION} .

For some recent builds, it is necessary to set the JAVA_PATH as well (e.g. Apache Tomcat/9.0.36)

docker build --build-arg IMAGE_VERSION=9.0.91-jdk11-temurin-focal --build-arg JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/openjdk-11/bin/java --build-arg GS_VERSION=2.26.1 -t kartoza/geoserver:2.26.1 .

Note: Please check the GeoServer documentation to see which Tomcat versions are supported.

The current build uses the base image tomcat:9.0.91-jdk11-temurin-focal because of the dependency on libgdal-java. The tomcat base images > focal will not have the java bindings for the GDAL plugin hence the container will not support the gdal plugin working if you build using base image > focal.

Building on Windows

These instructions detail the recommended process for reliably building this on Windows.

Prerequisites - You will need to have this software preinstalled on the system being used to build the Geoserver image:

Add the conda-forge channel to your conda installation:

conda config --add channels conda-forge

Now create a new conda environment with GDAL, installed from conda. Ensure that this environment is active when running the docker build, e.g.

conda create -n geoserver-build -c conda-forge python gdal
conda activate geoserver-build

Modify the .env with the appropriate environment variables. It is recommended that short paths (without whitespace) are used with forward slashes to prevent errors. You can get the current Java command short path with PowerShell:

(New-Object -ComObject Scripting.FileSystemObject).GetFile((get-command java).Source).ShortPath

Running the above command should yield a path similar to C:/PROGRA~1/Java/JDK-15~1.2/bin/java.exe, which can be assigned to JAVA_HOME in the environment configuration file.

Then run the docker build commands. If you encounter issues, you may want to ensure that you try to build the image without the cache and then run docker up separately:

docker-compose -f docker-compose-build.yml build --force-rm --no-cache
docker-compose -f docker-compose-build.yml up -d

Environment Variables

A full list of environment variables are specified in the .env file

Default installed extensions

The image activates the default_stable_extensions listed below on container start:

If you wish to exclude any of the default activated plugins you will need to set

ACTIVE_EXTENSIONS=${Default_extension} - skipped_default_extension

i.e. 

ACTIVE_EXTENSIONS=control-flow-plugin,csw-iso-plugin,csw-plugin,gdal-plugin,inspire-plugin,monitor-plugin,pyramid-plugin,vectortiles-plugin,wps-plugin

will skip activating libjpeg-turbo-plugin.

The variable ACTIVE_EXTENSIONS is used to specify a set of plugins to enable, if left empty or unset the following will be enabled : list of default plugins

Activate stable extensions during the contain startup

The environment variable STABLE_EXTENSIONS is used to activate extensions listed in stable_plugins

Note: The plugins listed in the url is of the format geoserver-2.26.1-wps-plugin.zip, but the env variable expects the env to be of the format wps-plugin. Always consult the url to see which plugins are available. The text file stable_plugins.txt contains a curated list of plugins but might be out of date in some cases.

Example

ie VERSION=2.26.1
docker run -d -p 8600:8080 --name geoserver -e STABLE_EXTENSIONS=charts-plugin,db2-plugin kartoza/geoserver:${VERSION}

You can pass any comma-separated extensions as defined in stable_plugins

Activate community extensions during contain startup

The environment variable COMMUNITY_EXTENSIONS can be used to activate extensions listed in community_plugins

Note: The plugins listed in the url is of the format geoserver-2.25-SNAPSHOT-cog-http-plugin.zip, but the env variable expects the env to be of the format cog-http-plugin. Always consult the url to see which plugins are available. The text file community_plugins.txt contains a curated list of community plugins but might be out of date in some cases.

Example

ie VERSION=2.26.1
docker run -d -p 8600:8080 --name geoserver -e COMMUNITY_EXTENSIONS=gwc-sqlite-plugin,ogr-datastore-plugin kartoza/geoserver:${VERSION}

The image ships with extension zip files pre-downloaded. You can pass an additional environment variable FORCE_DOWNLOAD_COMMUNITY_EXTENSIONS=true to download the latest community extensions during the initialisation of the container.

Note: If you experience an issue running community extensions please check upstream before reporting the issue here. If an extension is no longer available you can build the extensions following the guidelines from GeoServer develop guidelines

Using sample data

The image ships with sample data. This can be used to familiarize yourself with GeoServer. This is not activated by default. You can activate it using the environment variable boolean SAMPLE_DATA.

ie VERSION=2.26.1
docker run -d -p 8600:8080 --name geoserver -e SAMPLE_DATA=true kartoza/geoserver:${VERSION}

Enable disk quota storage in PostgreSQL backend

GeoServer defaults to using HSQL datastore for configuring disk quota. You can alternatively use a PostgreSQL backend as a disk quota store. When using a PostgreSQL backend, you need to have a running instance of the database which can be connected to.

If you want to test it locally with docker-compose postgres db you need to specify these env variables:

DB_BACKEND=POSTGRES               
HOST=db                          
POSTGRES_PORT=5432                
POSTGRES_DB=gwc                   
POSTGRES_USER=${POSTGRES_USER}    
POSTGRES_PASS=${POSTGRES_PASS}    
SSL_MODE=allow                    
POSTGRES_SCHEMA=public           
DISK_QUOTA_SIZE=5

Using SSL and Default PostgreSQL SSL certificates (kartoza/postgis backend)

When the environment variable FORCE_SSL=TRUE is set for the database container you will need to set SSL_MODE=allow in the GeoServer container.

Using SSL certificates signed by a certificate authority (kartoza/postgis backend)

When the environment variable FORCE_SSL=TRUE is set for the database container you will need to set SSL_MODE to either verify-full or verify-ca for the GeoServer container. You will also need to mount the SSL certificates you have done in the DB.

In the GeoServer container, the certificates need to be mounted to the folder specified by the certificate directory ${CERT_DIR}

SSL_CERT_FILE=/etc/certs/fullchain.pem
SSL_KEY_FILE=/etc/certs/privkey.pem
SSL_CA_FILE=/etc/certs/root.crt

Activating JNDI PostgreSQL connector

When defining vector stores you can use the JNDI pooling. To activate this, adjust the following environment variable POSTGRES_JNDI=TRUE. By default, the environment the variable is set to FALSE. Additionally, you will need to define parameters to connect to an existing PostgreSQL database

POSTGRES_JNDI=TRUE
HOST=${POSTGRES_HOSTNAME}
POSTGRES_DB=${POSTGRES_DB}
POSTGRES_USER=${POSTGRES_USER}
POSTGRES_PASS=${POSTGRES_PASS}

When defining the parameters for the store in GeoServer you will need to set jndiReferenceName=java:comp/env/jdbc/postgres

Running under SSL

You can use the environment variables to specify whether you want to run the GeoServer under SSL. Credits to letsencrpt for the solution to run under SSL.

If you set the environment variable SSL=true but do not provide the pem files (fullchain.pem and privkey.pem) the container will generate self-signed SSL certificates.

ie VERSION=2.26.1
docker run -it --name geoserver  -e PKCS12_PASSWORD=geoserver -e JKS_KEY_PASSWORD=geoserver -e JKS_STORE_PASSWORD=geoserver -e SSL=true -p 8443:8443 -p 8600:8080 kartoza/geoserver:${VERSION}

If you already have your perm files (fullchain.pem and privkey.pem) you can mount the directory containing your keys as:

ie VERSION=2.26.1
docker run -it --name geo -v /etc/certs:/etc/certs  -e PKCS12_PASSWORD=geoserver -e JKS_KEY_PASSWORD=geoserver -e JKS_STORE_PASSWORD=geoserver -e SSL=true -p 8443:8443 -p 8600:8080 kartoza/geoserver:${VERSION}

You can also use a PFX file with this image. Rename your PFX file as certificate.pfx and then mount the folder containing your pfx file. This will be converted to perm files.

Note When using PFX files make sure that the ALIAS_KEY you specify as an environment variable matches the ALIAS_KEY that was used when generating your PFX key.

A full list of SSL variables is provided in SSL Settings

Proxy Base URL

For the server to report a full proxy base URL, you need to pass the following env variable i.e.

HTTP_PROXY_NAME
HTTP_PROXY_PORT

If you are running GeoServer under SSL with reverse proxy i.e. nginx you will need to set the following env variables

Example below:

HTTP_PROXY_NAME=foo.org
HTTP_SCHEME=https

Note: if you're running this on Fargate behind a load balancer that already terminates SSL, you only need HTTP_SCHEME=https.

This will prevent the login form from sending insecure http post requests as experienced in login issue

For SSL-based connections, the env variables are:

HTTPS_PROXY_NAME
HTTPS_PROXY_PORT
HTTPS_SCHEME

Removing Tomcat extras

To include Tomcat extras including docs, examples, and the manager web app, set the TOMCAT_EXTRAS environment variable to true:

Note: If TOMCAT_EXTRAS is set to true then you should configure TOMCAT_PASSWORD to use a strong password otherwise a randomly generated password is used.

ie VERSION=2.26.1
docker run -it --name geoserver  -e TOMCAT_EXTRAS=true -p 8600:8080 kartoza/geoserver:${VERSION}

Note: If TOMCAT_EXTRAS is set to false, requests to the root webapp ("/") will return HTTP status code 404. To issue a redirect to the GeoServer webapp ("/geoserver/web") set ROOT_WEBAPP_REDIRECT=true

Upgrading the image to use a specific version

If you are migrating your GeoServer instance, from a lower version to a higher and do not need to update your master password, you will need to set the variable EXISTING_DATA_DIR.

You can set the env variable EXISTING_DATA_DIR to any value i.e. EXISTING_DATA_DIR=foo or EXISTING_DATA_DIR=false When the environment variable is set it will ensure that the password initialization is skipped during the startup procedure.

Installing extra fonts

If you have downloaded extra fonts you can mount the folder to the path /opt/fonts. This will ensure that all the .ttf or .otf files are copied to the correct path during initialisation. This is useful for styling layers i.e. labeling using specific fonts.

ie VERSION=2.26.1
docker run -v fonts:/opt/fonts -p 8080:8080 -t kartoza/geoserver:${VERSION}

Google Fonts

You can use the environment variable GOOGLE_FONTS_NAMES to activate fonts defined in Google fonts

i.e.

ie VERSION=2.26.1
docker run -e GOOGLE_FONTS_NAMES=actor,akronim -p 8080:8080 -t kartoza/geoserver:${VERSION}

Other Environment variables supported

You can find a full list of environment variables in Generic Env variables

Note The list below is not exhaustive of all values available. Always consult the .env file to check possible values.

Control flow properties

The control flow module manages requests in GeoServer. Instructions on what each parameter means can be read from documentation.

The following env variables can be set

REQUEST_TIMEOUT=60
PARALLEL_REQUEST=100
GETMAP=10
REQUEST_EXCEL=4
SINGLE_USER=6
GWC_REQUEST=16
WPS_REQUEST=1000/d;30s

Changing GeoServer password and username

You can pass the environment variables to change it on runtime.

GEOSERVER_ADMIN_PASSWORD
GEOSERVER_ADMIN_USER

The username and password are reinitialized each time the container starts. If you do not pass the env variables GEOSERVER_ADMIN_PASSWORD the container will generate a new password which is visible in the startup logs.

Note: When upgrading the GEOSERVER_ADMIN_PASSWORD and GEOSERVER_ADMIN_USER you will need to mount the volume settings:/settings so that the lock-files generated by the update_password.sh are persistent during initialization. See the example in docker-compose-build

docker run --name "geoserver" -e GEOSERVER_ADMIN_USER=kartoza  -e GEOSERVER_ADMIN_PASSWORD=myawesomegeoserver -p 8080:8080 -d -t kartoza/geoserver

Note: The docker-compose recipe uses the password myawesomegeoserver. It is highly recommended not to run the container in production using these values.

Docker secrets

To avoid passing sensitive information in environment variables, _FILE can be appended to some variables to read from files present in the container. This is particularly useful in conjunction with Docker secrets, as passwords can be loaded from /run/secrets/<secret_name> e.g.:

For more information see https://docs.docker.com/engine/swarm/secrets/.

Currently, the following environment variables

 GEOSERVER_ADMIN_USER
 GEOSERVER_ADMIN_PASSWORD
 S3_USERNAME
 S3_PASSWORD
 S3_SERVER_URL
 S3_ALIAS
 TOMCAT_USER
 TOMCAT_PASSWORD
 PKCS12_PASSWORD
 JKS_KEY_PASSWORD
 JKS_STORE_PASSWORD
 TOMCAT_USER

are supported.

Changing GeoServer deployment context-root

You can pass the environment variable to change the context-root at runtime, example:

GEOSERVER_CONTEXT_ROOT=my-geoserver

The example above will deploy Geoserver at https://host/my-geoserver instead of the default location at https://host/geoserver.

It is also possible to do a nested context-root. Apache Tomcat nested context-roots are specified via #.

GEOSERVER_CONTEXT_ROOT=foo#my-geoserver

The example above will deploy Geoserver at https://host/foo/my-geoserver instead of the default location at https://host/geoserver.

Mounting Configs

You can mount the config file to the path /settings. These configs will be used in favour of the defaults that are available from the Build data directory

The configs that can be mounted are

Example

 docker run --name "geoserver" -e GEOSERVER_ADMIN_USER=kartoza  -v /data/controlflow.properties:/settings/controlflow.properties -p 8080:8080 -d -t kartoza/geoserver

Note: The files users.xml and roles.xml should be mounted together to prevent errors during container start. Mounting these two files will overwrite GEOSERVER_ADMIN_PASSWORD and GEOSERVER_ADMIN_USER

Running scripts on container startup.

You can run some bash script to correct some missing dependencies i.e. in community extension like cluster issue

-v ./run.sh:/docker-entrypoint-geoserver.d/run.sh

CORS Support

The image ships with CORS support. If you however need to modify the web.xml you can mount web.xml to /settings/ directory.

Clustering GeoServer

JMS Clustering

GeoServer supports clustering using the JMS cluster plugin.

You can read more about how to set up clustering in kartoza clustering

ActiveMQ-broker

You can use the docker-compose-external.yml in the clustering folder.

Running the Image

Run (automated using docker-compose)

We provide a sample docker-compose.yml file that illustrates how you can establish a GeoServer + PostGIS.

If you are interested in the backups, add a section in the docker-compose.yml following instructions from docker-pg-backup.

Start the services using:

docker-compose up -d

Note The username and password are specified in the .env file. It is recommended to change them into something more secure. If you do not pass the env GEOSERVER_ADMIN_PASSWORD the container generates a random string which will be your password. This is visible from the startup logs.

Once all the services start, test by visiting the GeoServer landing page in your browser: http://localhost:8600/geoserver.

Reverse Proxy using NGINX

You can also put Nginx in front of GeoServer to receive the http request and translate it to uwsgi.

A sample docker-compose-nginx.yml is provided for running GeoServer and Nginx

docker-compose -f docker-compose-nginx.yml  up -d

Once the services are running GeoServer will be available from

http://localhost/geoserver/web/

Kubernetes (Helm Charts)

You can run the image in Kubernetes following the recipe

Contributing to the image

We welcome users who want to contribute to enriching this service. We follow the git principles and all pull requests should be against the develop branch so that we can test them and when we are happy we push them to the master branch.

Upgrading GeoServer Versions

GeoServer releases and bug fixes are done frequently. We provide a helper script upgrade_geoserver_version.sh which can be run to update the respective files which mention the GeoServer version. To upgrade to a new version involves:

  1. Run the upgrade script that updates some env variables.
  2. Update the github workflows files to. match the specific versions.

Run upgrade helper script

/bin/bash upgrade_geoserver_version.sh ${GS_VERSION} ${GS_NEW_VERSION}

Note: The script will also push these changes to the current repo, and it is up to the individual running the script to push the changes to his specific branch of choice and then complete the pull request

Support

When reporting issues especially related to installed extensions (community and stable) please refer to the GeoServer Issue page to see if there are no issues reported there. We rely on the GeoServer community to resolve upstream issues. For urgent upstream problems, you will need to get paid support from the developers in GeoServer.

Other platforms where users can ask questions and get assistance are listed below:

If you require more substantial assistance from kartoza (because our work and interaction on docker-geoserver is pro bono), please consider taking out a Support Level Agreeement

Credits