VisCy

VisCy (abbreviation of vision and cyto) is a deep learning pipeline for training and deploying computer vision models for image-based phenotyping at single-cell resolution.

This repository provides a pipeline for the following.

• Image translation
  • Robust virtual staining of landmark organelles
• Image classification
  • Supervised learning of of cell state (e.g. state of infection)
• Image representation learning
  • Self-supervised learning of the cell state and organelle phenotypes

Note:
VisCy has been extensively tested for the image translation task. The code for other tasks is under active development. Frequent breaking changes are expected in the main branch as we unify the codebase for above tasks. If you are looking for a well-tested version for virtual staining, please use release 0.2.1 from PyPI.

Virtual staining

Demos

• Interactive 2D virtual staining demo of cell nuclei and membrane from labelfree data 🤗

• Virtual staining exercise: Notebook illustrating how to use VisCy to train, predict and evaluate the VSCyto2D model. This notebook was developed for the DL@MBL2024 course and uses UNeXt2 architecture.

• Image translation demo: Fluorescence images can be predicted from label-free images. Can we predict label-free image from fluorescence? Find out using this notebook.

• Training Virtual Staining Models via CLI: Instructions for how to train and run inference on ViSCy's virtual staining models (VSCyto3D, VSCyto2D and VSNeuromast).

Gallery

Below are some examples of virtually stained images (click to play videos). See the full gallery here.

VSCyto3D	VSNeuromast	VSCyto2D

Reference

The virtual staining models and training protocols are reported in our recent preprint on robust virtual staining.

This package evolved from the TensorFlow version of virtual staining pipeline, which we reported in this paper in 2020.

  @article {Liu2024.05.31.596901,
          author = {Liu, Ziwen and Hirata-Miyasaki, Eduardo and Pradeep, Soorya and Rahm, Johanna and Foley, Christian and Chandler, Talon and Ivanov, Ivan and Woosley, Hunter and Lao, Tiger and Balasubramanian, Akilandeswari and Liu, Chad and Leonetti, Manu and Arias, Carolina and Jacobo, Adrian and Mehta, Shalin B.},
          title = {Robust virtual staining of landmark organelles},
          elocation-id = {2024.05.31.596901},
          year = {2024},
          doi = {10.1101/2024.05.31.596901},
          publisher = {Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory},
          URL = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2024/06/03/2024.05.31.596901},
          eprint = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2024/06/03/2024.05.31.596901.full.pdf},
          journal = {bioRxiv}
      }

  @article {10.7554/eLife.55502,
      article_type = {journal},
      title = {Revealing architectural order with quantitative label-free imaging and deep learning},
      author = {Guo, Syuan-Ming and Yeh, Li-Hao and Folkesson, Jenny and Ivanov, Ivan E and Krishnan, Anitha P and Keefe, Matthew G and Hashemi, Ezzat and Shin, David and Chhun, Bryant B and Cho, Nathan H and Leonetti, Manuel D and Han, May H and Nowakowski, Tomasz J and Mehta, Shalin B},
      editor = {Forstmann, Birte and Malhotra, Vivek and Van Valen, David},
      volume = 9,
      year = 2020,
      month = {jul},
      pub_date = {2020-07-27},
      pages = {e55502},
      citation = {eLife 2020;9:e55502},
      doi = {10.7554/eLife.55502},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.55502},
      keywords = {label-free imaging, inverse algorithms, deep learning, human tissue, polarization, phase},
      journal = {eLife},
      issn = {2050-084X},
      publisher = {eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd},
      }
    

Library of virtual staining (VS) models

The robust virtual staining models (i.e VSCyto2D, VSCyto3D, VSNeuromast), and fine-tuned models can be found here

Pipeline

A full illustration of the virtual staining pipeline can be found here.

Image representation learning

We are currently developing self-supervised representation learning to map cell state dynamics in response to perturbations, with focus on cell and organelle remodeling due to viral infection.

See our recent work on temporally regularized contrastive sampling method for representation learning on arXiv.

@misc{pradeep_contrastive_2024,
      title={Contrastive learning of cell state dynamics in response to perturbations},
      author={Soorya Pradeep and Alishba Imran and Ziwen Liu and Taylla Milena Theodoro and Eduardo Hirata-Miyasaki and Ivan Ivanov and Madhura Bhave and Sudip Khadka and Hunter Woosley and Carolina Arias and Shalin B. Mehta},
      year={2024},
      eprint={2410.11281},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CV},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.11281},
}
    

Workflow demo

• Example test dataset, model checkpoint, and predictions can be found here.

• See tutorial on exploration of learned embeddings with napari-iohub here.

Installation

1. We recommend using a new Conda/virtual environment.

   conda create --name viscy python=3.10
   # OR specify a custom path since the dependencies are large:
   # conda create --prefix /path/to/conda/envs/viscy python=3.10

2. Install a released version of VisCy from PyPI:

   pip install viscy

   If evaluating virtually stained images for segmentation tasks, install additional dependencies:

   pip install "viscy[metrics]"

   Visualizing the model architecture requires visual dependencies:

   pip install "viscy[visual]"

3. Verify installation by accessing the CLI help message:

   viscy --help

For development installation, see the contributing guide.

Additional Notes

The pipeline is built using the PyTorch Lightning framework. The iohub library is used for reading and writing data in OME-Zarr format.

The full functionality is tested on Linux x86_64 with NVIDIA Ampere/Hopper GPUs (CUDA 12.6). Some features (e.g. mixed precision and distributed training) may not be available with other setups, see PyTorch documentation for details.