file-format

Crate for determining the file format of a given file or stream.

It provides a variety of functions for identifying a wide range of file formats, including ZIP, Compound File Binary (CFB), Extensible Markup Language (XML) and more.

It checks the signature of the file to determine its format and intelligently employs specific readers when available for accurate identification. If the signature is not recognized, the crate falls back to the default file format, which is Arbitrary Binary Data (BIN).

Examples

Determines from a file:

use file_format::{FileFormat, Kind};

let fmt = FileFormat::from_file("fixtures/document/sample.pdf")?;
assert_eq!(fmt, FileFormat::PortableDocumentFormat);
assert_eq!(fmt.name(), "Portable Document Format");
assert_eq!(fmt.short_name(), Some("PDF"));
assert_eq!(fmt.media_type(), "application/pdf");
assert_eq!(fmt.extension(), "pdf");
assert_eq!(fmt.kind(), Kind::Document);

Determines from bytes:

use file_format::{FileFormat, Kind};

let fmt = FileFormat::from_bytes(&[0xFF, 0xD8, 0xFF]);
assert_eq!(fmt, FileFormat::JointPhotographicExpertsGroup);
assert_eq!(fmt.name(), "Joint Photographic Experts Group");
assert_eq!(fmt.short_name(), Some("JPEG"));
assert_eq!(fmt.media_type(), "image/jpeg");
assert_eq!(fmt.extension(), "jpg");
assert_eq!(fmt.kind(), Kind::Image);

Usage

Add this to your Cargo.toml:

[dependencies]
file-format = "0.25"

Crate features

All features below are disabled by default.

Reader features

These features enable the detection of file formats that require a specific reader for identification.

reader - Enables all reader features.
reader-asf - Enables Advanced Systems Format (ASF) based file formats detection.
reader-cfb - Enables Compound File Binary (CFB) based file formats detection.
reader-ebml - Enables Extensible Binary Meta Language (EBML) based file formats detection.
reader-exe - Enables MS-DOS Executable (EXE) based file formats detection.
reader-mp4 - Enables MPEG-4 Part 14 (MP4) based file formats detection.
reader-pdf - Enables Portable Document Format (PDF) based file formats detection.
reader-rm - Enables RealMedia (RM) based file formats detection.
reader-sqlite3 - Enables SQLite 3 based file formats detection.
reader-txt - Enables Plain Text (TXT) file format detection.
reader-xml - Enables Extensible Markup Language (XML) based file formats detection.
reader-zip - Enables ZIP-based file formats detection.

Supported file formats

Audio

8-Bit Sampled Voice (8SVX)
Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR)
Advanced Audio Coding (AAC)
Apple iTunes Audio (M4A)
Apple iTunes Audiobook (M4B)
Apple iTunes Protected Audio (M4P)
Au
Audio Codec 3 (AC-3)
Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF)
Audio Visual Research (AVR)
Creative Voice (VOC)
FastTracker 2 Extended Module (XM)
Flash MP4 Audio (F4A)
Flash MP4 Audiobook (F4B)
Free Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC)
Impulse Tracker Module (IT)
MPEG-1/2 Audio Layer 2 (MP2)
MPEG-1/2 Audio Layer 3 (MP3)
MPEG-4 Part 14 Audio (MP4)
Matroska Audio (MKA)
Monkey's Audio (APE)
Musepack (MPC)
Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI)
Ogg FLAC (OGA)
Ogg Opus (Opus)
Ogg Speex (Speex)
Ogg Vorbis (Vorbis)
Qualcomm PureVoice (QCP)
Quite OK Audio (QOA)
RealAudio (RA)
Scream Tracker 3 Module (S3M)
Sony DSD Stream File (DSF)
SoundFont 2 (SF2)
Ultimate Soundtracker Module (MOD)
WavPack (WV)
Waveform Audio (WAV)
Windows Media Audio (WMA)

Compressed

BZip3 (BZ3)
LZ4
Lempel-Ziv Finite State Entropy (LZFSE)
Lempel-Ziv-Markov chain algorithm (LZMA)
Long Range ZIP (LRZIP)
Snappy
UNIX compress (compress)
XZ
Zstandard (zstd)
bzip (BZ)
bzip2 (BZ2)
gzip (GZ)
lzip (LZ)
lzop (LZO)
rzip (RZ)

Database

Microsoft Access 2007 Database (ACCDB)
Microsoft Access Database (MDB)
Microsoft Works Database (WDB)
OpenDocument Database (ODB)
SQLite 3

Diagram

Circuit Diagram Document (CDDX)
Microsoft Visio Drawing (VSD)
Office Open XML Drawing (VSDX)
StarChart (SDS)
draw.io (DRAWIO)

Disk

Amiga Disk File (ADF)
Apple Disk Image (DMG)
ISO 9660 (ISO)
Microsoft Virtual Hard Disk (VHD)
Microsoft Virtual Hard Disk 2 (VHDX)
QEMU Copy On Write (QCOW)
Virtual Machine Disk (VMDK)
VirtualBox Virtual Disk Image (VDI)

Document

AbiWord (ABW)
AbiWord Template (AWT)
Adobe InDesign Document (INDD)
DjVu
InDesign Markup Language (IDML)
LaTeX (TeX)
Microsoft Publisher Document (PUB)
Microsoft Word Document (DOC)
Microsoft Works Word Processor (WPS)
Microsoft Write (WRI)
Office Open XML Document (DOCX)
OpenDocument Text (ODT)
OpenDocument Text Master (ODM)
OpenDocument Text Master Template (OTM)
OpenDocument Text Template (OTT)
OpenXPS (OXPS)
Portable Document Format (PDF)
PostScript (PS)
Rich Text Format (RTF)
StarWriter (SDW)
Sun XML Writer (SXW)
Sun XML Writer Global (SGW)
Sun XML Writer Template (STW)
Uniform Office Format Text (UOT)
WordPerfect Document (WPD)

Ebook

Broad Band eBook (BBeB)
Electronic Publication (EPUB)
FictionBook (FB2)
FictionBook ZIP (FBZ)
Microsoft Reader (LIT)
Mobipocket (MOBI)

Executable

Commodore 64 Program (PRG)
Common Object File Format (COFF)
Dalvik Executable (DEX)
Dynamic Link Library (DLL)
Executable and Linkable Format (ELF)
Java Class
LLVM Bitcode (BC)
Linear Executable (LE)
Lua Bytecode
MS-DOS Executable (EXE)
Mach-O
New Executable (NE)
Nintendo Switch Executable (NSO)
Optimized Dalvik Executable (DEY)
Portable Executable (PE)
WebAssembly Binary (Wasm)
Xbox 360 Executable (XEX)
Xbox Executable (XBE)

Font

BMFont ASCII (FNT)
BMFont Binary (FNT)
Embedded OpenType (EOT)
Glyphs
OpenType (OTF)
TrueType (TTF)
Web Open Font Format (WOFF)
Web Open Font Format 2 (WOFF2)

Formula

Mathematical Markup Language (MathML)
OpenDocument Formula (ODF)
OpenDocument Formula Template (OTF)
StarMath (SMF)
Sun XML Math (SXM)

Geospatial

Flexible and Interoperable Data Transfer (FIT)
GPS Exchange Format (GPX)
Geography Markup Language (GML)
Keyhole Markup Language (KML)
Keyhole Markup Language ZIP (KMZ)
Shapefile (SHP)
Training Center XML (TCX)

Image

AV1 Image File Format (AVIF)
AV1 Image File Format Sequence (AVIFS)
Adaptable Scalable Texture Compression (ASTC)
Adobe Illustrator Artwork (AI)
Adobe Photoshop Document (PSD)
Animated Portable Network Graphics (APNG)
Apple Icon Image (ICNS)
Better Portable Graphics (BPG)
Canon Raw (CRW)
Canon Raw 2 (CR2)
Canon Raw 3 (CR3)
Cineon (CIN)
Digital Picture Exchange (DPX)
Encapsulated PostScript (EPS)
Experimental Computing Facility (XCF)
Free Lossless Image Format (FLIF)
Fujifilm Raw (RAF)
Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)
High Efficiency Image Coding (HEIC)
High Efficiency Image Coding Sequence (HEICS)
High Efficiency Image File Format (HEIF)
High Efficiency Image File Format Sequence (HEIFS)
JPEG 2000 Codestream (J2C)
JPEG 2000 Part 1 (JP2)
JPEG 2000 Part 2 (JPX)
JPEG 2000 Part 6 (JPM)
JPEG Extended Range (JXR)
JPEG Network Graphics (JNG)
JPEG XL (JXL)
JPEG-LS (JLS)
Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG)
Khronos Texture (KTX)
Khronos Texture 2 (KTX2)
Magick Image File Format (MIFF)
Microsoft DirectDraw Surface (DDS)
Multiple-image Network Graphics (MNG)
Nikon Electronic File (NEF)
Olympus Raw Format (ORF)
OpenDocument Graphics (ODG)
OpenDocument Graphics Template (OTG)
OpenEXR (EXR)
OpenRaster (ORA)
Panasonic Raw (RW2)
Picture Exchange (PCX)
Portable Arbitrary Map (PAM)
Portable BitMap (PBM)
Portable FloatMap (PFM)
Portable GrayMap (PGM)
Portable Network Graphics (PNG)
Portable PixMap (PPM)
Quite OK Image (QOI)
Radiance HDR (HDR)
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG)
Silicon Graphics Image (SGI)
Sketch
Sketch 43
StarDraw (SDA)
Sun XML Draw (SXD)
Sun XML Draw Template (STD)
Tag Image File Format (TIFF)
WebP
Windows Animated Cursor (ANI)
Windows Bitmap (BMP)
Windows Cursor (CUR)
Windows Icon (ICO)
Windows Metafile (WMF)
WordPerfect Graphics (WPG)
X PixMap (XPM)
farbfeld (FF)

Metadata

Android Binary XML (AXML)
BitTorrent (Torrent)
CD Audio (CDA)
Meta Information Encapsulation (MIE)
TASTy
Windows Shortcut (LNK)
macOS Alias

Model

3D Manufacturing Format (3MF)
3D Studio (3DS)
3D Studio Max (MAX)
Additive Manufacturing Format (AMF)
AutoCAD Drawing (DWG)
Autodesk 123D (123DX)
Autodesk Alias (WIRE)
Autodesk Inventor Assembly (IAM)
Autodesk Inventor Drawing (IDW)
Autodesk Inventor Part (IPT)
Autodesk Inventor Presentation (IPN)
Blender (BLEND)
Cinema 4D (C4D)
Collaborative Design Activity (COLLADA)
Design Web Format (DWF)
Design Web Format XPS (DWFX)
Drawing Exchange Format ASCII (DXF)
Drawing Exchange Format Binary (DXF)
Extensible 3D (X3D)
Filmbox (FBX)
Fusion 360 (F3D)
GL Transmission Format Binary (GLB)
Google Draco (Draco)
Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (IGES)
Inter-Quake Export (IQE)
Inter-Quake Model (IQM)
MagicaVoxel (VOX)
Maya ASCII (MA)
Maya Binary (MB)
Model 3D ASCII (A3D)
Model 3D Binary (M3D)
Polygon ASCII (PLY)
Polygon Binary (PLY)
SketchUp (SKP)
SolidWorks Assembly (SLDASM)
SolidWorks Drawing (SLDDRW)
SolidWorks Part (SLDPRT)
SpaceClaim Document (SCDOC)
Standard for the Exchange of Product model data (STEP)
Stereolithography ASCII (STL)
Universal 3D (U3D)
Universal Scene Description ASCII (USDA)
Universal Scene Description Binary (USDC)
Universal Scene Description ZIP (USDZ)
Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML)
openNURBS (3DM)

Other

ActiveMime (MSO)
Advanced Systems Format (ASF)
Android Resource Storage Container (ARSC)
Apache Arrow Columnar (Arrow)
Apache Avro (Avro)
Apache Parquet (Parquet)
Arbitrary Binary Data (BIN)
Atom
Clojure Script
Compound File Binary (CFB)
DER Certificate (DER)
Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM)
Empty
Extensible Binary Meta Language (EBML)
Extensible Markup Language (XML)
Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations (XSLT)
Flash CS5 Project (FLA)
Flash Project (FLA)
Flexible Image Transport System (FITS)
HyperText Markup Language (HTML)
ICC Profile (ICC)
JSON Feed
Java KeyStore (JKS)
Lua Script
MPEG-4 Part 14 (MP4)
MS-DOS Batch (Batch)
Microsoft Compiled HTML Help (CHM)
Microsoft Project Plan (MPP)
Microsoft Visual Studio Solution (SLN)
MusicXML
MusicXML ZIP (MXL)
Ogg Multiplexed Media (OGX)
PCAP Dump (PCAP)
PCAP Next Generation Dump (PCAPNG)
PEM Certificate (PEM)
PEM Certificate Signing Request (PEM)
PEM Private Key (PEM)
PEM Public Key (PEM)
PGP Message (PGP)
PGP Private Key Block (PGP)
PGP Public Key Block (PGP)
PGP Signature (PGP)
PGP Signed Message (PGP)
Perl Script
Personal Storage Table (PST)
Plain Text (TXT)
Python Script
RealMedia (RM)
Really Simple Syndication (RSS)
Ruby Script
Shell Script
Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)
Small Web Format (SWF)
Tiled Map XML (TMX)
Tiled Tileset XML (TSX)
Tool Command Language Script (Tcl Script)
WebAssembly Text (WAT)
WordPerfect Macro (WPM)
XML Localization Interchange File Format (XLIFF)
age encryption
gettext Machine Object (MO)
iCalendar (ICS)
vCalendar (VCS)
vCard (VCF)

Package

Adobe Integrated Runtime (AIR)
Android App Bundle (AAB)
Android Package (APK)
AppImage
Debian Package (DEB)
Enterprise Application Archive (EAR)
Google Chrome Extension (CRX)
Java Archive (JAR)
Microsoft Software Installer (MSI)
Microsoft Visual Studio Extension (VSIX)
Nintendo Switch Package (NSP)
Red Hat Package Manager (RPM)
Web Application Archive (WAR)
Windows App Bundle (APPXBUNDLE)
Windows App Package (APPX)
XAP
XPInstall (XPI)
iOS App Store Package (IPA)

Playlist

Advanced Stream Redirector (ASX)
MP3 URL (M3U)
MPEG-DASH MPD (MPD)
SHOUTcast Playlist (PLS)
Windows Media Playlist (WPL)
XML Shareable Playlist Format (XSPF)

Presentation

Corel Presentations (SHW)
Corel Presentations 7 (SHW)
Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation (PPT)
Office Open XML Presentation (PPTX)
OpenDocument Presentation (ODP)
OpenDocument Presentation Template (OTP)
StarImpress (SDD)
Sun XML Impress (SXI)
Sun XML Impress Template (STI)
Uniform Office Format Presentation (UOP)
WordPerfect Presentations (SHW)

ROM

Atari 7800 ROM (A78)
Commodore 64 Cartridge (CRT)
Game Boy Advance ROM (GBA)
Game Boy Color ROM (GBC)
Game Boy ROM (GB)
Game Gear ROM (GG)
Mega Drive ROM (MD)
Neo Geo Pocket Color ROM (NGC)
Neo Geo Pocket ROM (NGP)
Nintendo 64 ROM (Z64)
Nintendo DS ROM (NDS)
Nintendo Entertainment System ROM (NES)
Nintendo Switch ROM (XCI)
Sega Master System ROM (SMS)

Spreadsheet

Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet (XLS)
Microsoft Works 6 Spreadsheet (XLR)
Microsoft Works Spreadsheet (WKS)
Office Open XML Spreadsheet (XLSX)
OpenDocument Spreadsheet (ODS)
OpenDocument Spreadsheet Template (OTS)
StarCalc (SDC)
Sun XML Calc (SXC)
Sun XML Calc Template (STC)
Uniform Office Format Spreadsheet (UOS)

Subtitle

MPEG-4 Part 14 Subtitles (MP4)
Matroska Subtitles (MKS)
SubRip Text (SRT)
Timed Text Markup Language (TTML)
Universal Subtitle Format (USF)
Web Video Text Tracks (WebVTT)

Video

3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)
3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2)
Actions Media Video (AMV)
Apple QuickTime (MOV)
Apple iTunes Video (M4V)
Audio Video Interleave (AVI)
Autodesk Animator (FLI)
Autodesk Animator Pro (FLC)
BDAV MPEG-2 Transport Stream (M2TS)
Flash MP4 Protected Video (F4P)
Flash MP4 Video (F4V)
Flash Video (FLV)
JPEG 2000 Part 3 (MJ2)
MPEG-1/2 Video (MPG)
MPEG-2 Transport Stream (TS)
MPEG-4 Part 14 Video (MP4)
MTV
Material Exchange Format (MXF)
Matroska 3D Video (MK3D)
Matroska Video (MKV)
Microsoft Digital Video Recording (DVR-MS)
Ogg Media (OGM)
Ogg Theora (Theora)
RealVideo (RV)
Silicon Graphics Movie (SGI)
Sony Movie (MQV)
WebM
Windows Media Video (WMV)
Windows Recorded TV Show (WTV)

Fixtures

The fixtures are samples of file formats used for testing purposes, located in the fixtures directory and organized by kind in subdirectories. These samples are often intentionally truncated to reduce size, which can sometimes prevent them from being fully decoded by compatible software.

License

This project is licensed under either of:

mmalecot / file-format

readme