napple1 is an Apple 1 emulator using ncurses, ported from the SDL version Pom1 emulafor. If you have some questions, please report it as an issue.

How to install on Ubuntu (ex. Ubuntu 22.04)

1. sudo apt install make gcc libncurses-dev

2. git clone https://github.com/nobuh/napple1.git

3. Build cd napple1/src make cd ..

4. Run ./napple1

ROM Directory

napple1 contain basic.rom and monitor.rom files on the ./rom directory. However, If you want to put basic.rom and monitor.rom on another directory. Please use ROMDIR environmental variable.

For example, if you want to put basic.rom and monitor.rom on current directory, the command is:

ROMDIR=. ./napple1

Default value of the ROMDIR is ./rom You can use an absolute path for the ROM Directory.

ROMDIR=/home/username/my_rom_files ./napple1

How to uninstall

cd napple1/src
make clean

How to use programs on napple1

• Key map

In normal terminals, if you press 'D' key, it will be echoed as 'd' on screen. And press 'Shift + D' prints 'D' on screen. Shift key works to flip caps.

However, napple1, if you press 'D' key, it will be echoed 'D'. All letters you can type is upper case only. Because original apple1 has a limit to do so. And shift key works like a control key in napple1.

• Cold start Apple 1 Basic

type E000R

• Warm start Apple 1 Basic

type E2B3R

• Emulator commands

Command Key Description

Basic load Shidt + B Load rom/basic.rom to ram Dump core Shift + D Dump memory to core/file name Load core Shift + L Load memory from core/file name Reset Shift + R Reset the emulator Hard reset Shidt + H Reset & Clear memory Quit Shidt + Q Quit the emulator Mode Shift + M Mode change 8KB & 32KB ram mode Shift + K Automatically type in AUTOTYPING.TXT file if present

• Load / Save programs

To load or save program, please load or dump entire 64kb memory.

• napple1 memory map in memory.c

/*

• Memory maap of napple1
• Apple I 8K mode & napple1 64K mode, common usage

• ---

• $0000 Ststem & User Space
• $0200 - $027F Input Buffer used by monitor
• $0FFF

• ---

• $D010 KBD Keyboard input register. b7 is always 1 by hardware.
• Read KBD will automatcically clear KBDCR's b7.
• $D011 KBDCR When key is pressed, b7 is set by hardware.
• $D012 DSP Bit b6..b0 is output character for the terminal.
• Writing to DSP will set b7 by hardware.
• The termianl clear b7 after the character is accepted.
• $D013 DSPCR Unused.

• ---

• $E000 Apple I Integer BASIC
• $E2B3 Re-entry address
• $EFFF

• ---

• $FF00 Monitor
• $FFEF Echo
• $FFFF

• ---

  / / Apple I 8K mode memory map

• ---

• Start Type
• addr

• ---

• $0000 4KB RAM
• $1000 unused
• $D010 Display and Keyboard I/O
• $D014 unused
• $E000 4KB RAM
• $F000 unused
• $FF00 256B ROM^ (Woz Monitor)

• ---

• ^ ROM can be written by Load core
  / / napple I 32K mode memory map

• ---

• Start Type
• addr

• ---

• $0000 32K RAM
• $8000 unused
• $D010 Display and Keyboard I/O
• $D014 unused
• $E000 8K ROM^

• ---

• ^ ROM can be written by Load core
  */