Pde softening material

[TTitscher]

Basically solves #232.

• Introduce a Material namespace, in this case containing Material::Softening with all necessary parameters. A Material::DefaultConcrete() is provided and used in the tests.
• Main code addition is adding ctors that take this material instead of the single parameters
• Allows defaulting most of the template parameters of LocalIsotropicDamage and GradientDamage and simplifies the ctors
• At least one damage law parameter is related to the fracture energy. This obviously differs for linear softening and exponential softening. Test are added to ensure correctness here.

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

Merging #235 into PDE_reviewed will increase coverage by 0.02%. The diff coverage is 98.97%.

@@               Coverage Diff                @@
##           PDE_reviewed     #235      +/-   ##
================================================
+ Coverage         84.41%   84.43%   +0.02%     
================================================
  Files               295      296       +1     
  Lines             10735    10749      +14     
================================================
+ Hits               9062     9076      +14     
  Misses             1673     1673

Flag	Coverage Δ
#integrationtests	62.33% <100%> (-0.05%)	:arrow_down:
#unittests	87.89% <98.66%> (+0.05%)	:arrow_up:

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
...ics/constitutive/damageLaws/DamageLawNoSoftening.h	100% <ø> (ø)	:arrow_up:
...ics/constitutive/damageLaws/DamageLawExponential.h	100% <100%> (ø)	:arrow_up:
nuto/mechanics/constitutive/LinearElasticDamage.h	97.43% <100%> (+0.06%)	:arrow_up:
...hanics/constitutive/damageLaws/SofteningMaterial.h	100% <100%> (ø)
...tions/integrationtests/mechanics/CSDAInterface.cpp	98.36% <100%> (ø)	:arrow_up:
...echanics/constitutive/damageLaws/DamageLawLinear.h	100% <100%> (ø)	:arrow_up:
...o/mechanics/constitutive/ModifiedMisesStrainNorm.h	90.9% <100%> (+0.16%)	:arrow_up:
...s/constitutive/damageLaws/DamageLawExponential.cpp	100% <100%> (ø)	:arrow_up:
...echanics/constitutive/damageLaws/DamageLawHelper.h	100% <100%> (ø)	:arrow_up:
...ntegrationtests/mechanics/QuasistaticProblem1D.cpp	100% <100%> (ø)	:arrow_up:
... and 11 more

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