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ovh / python-ovh

Thin wrapper around OVH's APIs. Handles all the hard work including credential creation and requests signing.
https://pypi.org/project/ovh/
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api-wrapper ovh ovhcloud python

readme

.. image:: https://github.com/ovh/python-ovh/raw/master/docs/img/logo.png :alt: Python & OVHcloud APIs :target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/ovh

Lightweight wrapper around OVHcloud's APIs. Handles all the hard work including credential creation and requests signing.

.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/ovh.svg :alt: PyPi Version :target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/ovh .. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/status/ovh.svg :alt: PyPi repository status :target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/ovh .. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/ovh.svg :alt: PyPi supported Python versions :target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/ovh .. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/wheel/ovh.svg :alt: PyPi Wheel status :target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/ovh .. image:: https://github.com/ovh/python-ovh/actions/workflows/test.yaml/badge.svg?branch=master :alt: Build Status :target: https://github.com/ovh/python-ovh/actions/workflows/test.yaml .. image:: https://coveralls.io/repos/github/ovh/python-ovh/badge.svg :alt: Coverage Status :target: https://coveralls.io/github/ovh/python-ovh

.. code:: python

import ovh

# Instantiate. Visit https://api.ovh.com/createToken/?GET=/me
# to get your credentials
client = ovh.Client(
    endpoint='ovh-eu',
    application_key='<application key>',
    application_secret='<application secret>',
    consumer_key='<consumer key>',
)

# Print nice welcome message
print("Welcome", client.get('/me')['firstname'])

Installation

The python wrapper works with Python 3.7+.

The easiest way to get the latest stable release is to grab it from pypi <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/ovh>_ using pip.

.. code:: bash

pip install ovh

Alternatively, you may get latest development version directly from Git.

.. code:: bash

pip install -e git+https://github.com/ovh/python-ovh.git#egg=ovh

People looking for Python 2 compatibility should use 0.6.x version.

Example Usage

Use the API on behalf of a user

  1. Create an application

To interact with the APIs, the SDK needs to identify itself using an application_key and an application_secret. To get them, you need to register your application. Depending the API you plan to use, visit:

Once created, you will obtain an application key (AK) and an application secret (AS).

  1. Configure your application

The easiest and safest way to use your application's credentials is to create an ovh.conf configuration file in application's working directory. Here is how it looks like:

.. code:: ini

[default]
; general configuration: default endpoint
endpoint=ovh-eu

[ovh-eu]
; configuration specific to 'ovh-eu' endpoint
application_key=my_app_key
application_secret=my_application_secret
; uncomment following line when writing a script application
; with a single consumer key.
;consumer_key=my_consumer_key
; uncomment to enable oauth2 authentication
;client_id=my_client_id
;client_secret=my_client_secret

Depending on the API you want to use, you may set the endpoint to:

See Configuration_ for more information on available configuration mechanisms.

.. note:: When using a versioning system, make sure to add ovh.conf to ignored files. It contains confidential/security-sensitive information!

  1. Authorize your application to access a customer account using OAuth2

python-ovh supports two forms of authentication:

For OAuth2, first, you need to generate a pair of valid client_id and client_secret: you can proceed by following this documentation

Once you have retrieved your client_id and client_secret, you can create and edit a configuration file that will be used by python-ovh.

  1. Authorize your application to access a customer account using custom OVHcloud authentication

To allow your application to access a customer account using the API on your behalf, you need a consumer key (CK).

Here is a sample code you can use to allow your application to access a customer's information:

.. code:: python

import ovh

# create a client using configuration
client = ovh.Client()

# Request RO, /me API access
ck = client.new_consumer_key_request()
ck.add_rules(ovh.API_READ_ONLY, "/me")

# Request token
validation = ck.request()

print("Please visit %s to authenticate" % validation['validationUrl'])
input("and press Enter to continue...")

# Print nice welcome message
print("Welcome", client.get('/me')['firstname'])
print("Btw, your 'consumerKey' is '%s'" % validation['consumerKey'])

Returned consumerKey should then be kept to avoid re-authenticating your end-user on each use.

.. note:: To request full and unlimited access to the API, you may use add_recursive_rules:

.. code:: python

# Allow all GET, POST, PUT, DELETE on /* (full API)
ck.add_recursive_rules(ovh.API_READ_WRITE, '/')

Install a new mail redirection

e-mail redirections may be freely configured on domains and DNS zones hosted by OVHcloud to an arbitrary destination e-mail using API call POST /email/domain/{domain}/redirection.

For this call, the api specifies that the source address shall be given under the from keyword. Which is a problem as this is also a reserved Python keyword. In this case, simply prefix it with a '_', the wrapper will automatically detect it as being a prefixed reserved keyword and will substitute it. Such aliasing is only supported with reserved keywords.

.. code:: python

import ovh

DOMAIN = "example.com"
SOURCE = "sales@example.com"
DESTINATION = "contact@example.com"

# create a client
client = ovh.Client()

# Create a new alias
client.post('/email/domain/%s/redirection' % DOMAIN,
        _from=SOURCE,
        to=DESTINATION,
        localCopy=False
    )
print("Installed new mail redirection from %s to %s" % (SOURCE, DESTINATION))

Grab bill list

Let's say you want to integrate OVHcloud bills into your own billing system, you could just script around the /me/bills endpoints and even get the details of each bill lines using /me/bill/{billId}/details/{billDetailId}.

This example assumes an existing Configuration_ with valid application_key, application_secret and consumer_key.

.. code:: python

import ovh

# create a client
client = ovh.Client()

# Grab bill list
bills = client.get('/me/bill')
for bill in bills:
    details = client.get('/me/bill/%s' % bill)
    print("%12s (%s): %10s --> %s" % (
        bill,
        details['date'],
        details['priceWithTax']['text'],
        details['pdfUrl'],
    ))

Enable network burst in SBG1

'Network burst' is a free service but is opt-in. What if you have, say, 10 servers in SBG-1 datacenter? You certainly don't want to activate it manually for each servers. You could take advantage of a code like this.

This example assumes an existing Configuration_ with valid application_key, application_secret and consumer_key.

.. code:: python

import ovh

# create a client
client = ovh.Client()

# get list of all server names
servers = client.get('/dedicated/server/')

# find all servers in SBG-1 datacenter
for server in servers:
    details = client.get('/dedicated/server/%s' % server)
    if details['datacenter'] == 'sbg1':
        # enable burst on server
        client.put('/dedicated/server/%s/burst' % server, status='active')
        print("Enabled burst for %s server located in SBG-1" % server)

List application authorized to access your account

Thanks to the application key / consumer key mechanism, it is possible to finely track applications having access to your data and revoke this access. This examples lists validated applications. It could easily be adapted to manage revocation too.

This example assumes an existing Configuration_ with valid application_key, application_secret and consumer_key.

.. code:: python

import ovh
from tabulate import tabulate

# create a client
client = ovh.Client()

credentials = client.get('/me/api/credential', status='validated')

# pretty print credentials status
table = []
for credential_id in credentials:
    credential_method = '/me/api/credential/'+str(credential_id)
    credential = client.get(credential_method)
    application = client.get(credential_method+'/application')

    table.append([
        credential_id,
        '[%s] %s' % (application['status'], application['name']),
        application['description'],
        credential['creation'],
        credential['expiration'],
        credential['lastUse'],
    ])
print(tabulate(table, headers=['ID', 'App Name', 'Description',
                               'Token Creation', 'Token Expiration', 'Token Last Use']))

Before running this example, make sure you have the tabulate <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/tabulate>_ library installed. It's a pretty cool library to pretty print tabular data in a clean and easy way.

pip install tabulate

Open a KVM (remote screen) on a dedicated server

Recent dedicated servers come with an IPMI interface. A lightweight control board embedded on the server. Using IPMI, it is possible to get a remote screen on a server. This is particularly useful to tweak the BIOS or troubleshoot boot issues.

Hopefully, this can easily be automated using a simple script. It assumes Java Web Start is fully installed on the machine and a consumer key allowed on the server exists.

.. code:: python

import ovh
import sys
import time
import tempfile
import subprocess

# check arguments
if len(sys.argv) != 3:
    print("Usage: %s SERVER_NAME ALLOWED_IP_V4" % sys.argv[0])
    sys.exit(1)

server_name = sys.argv[1]
allowed_ip = sys.argv[2]

# create a client
client = ovh.Client()

# create a KVM
client.post('/dedicated/server/'+server_name+'/features/ipmi/access', ipToAllow=allowed_ip, ttl=15, type="kvmipJnlp")

# open the KVM, when ready
while True:
    try:
        # use a named temfile and feed it to java web start
        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile() as f:
            f.write(client.get('/dedicated/server/'+server_name+'/features/ipmi/access?type=kvmipJnlp')['value'])
            f.flush()
            subprocess.call(["javaws", f.name])
        break
    except:
        time.sleep(1)

Running is only a simple command line:

.. code:: bash

# Basic
python open_kvm.py ns1234567.ip-42-42-42.eu $(curl ifconfig.ovh)

# Use a specific consumer key
OVH_CONSUMER_KEY=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA python open_kvm.py ns1234567.ip-42-42-42.eu $(curl -s ifconfig.ovh)

Configuration

You have 3 ways to provide configuration to the client:

Embed the configuration in the code

The straightforward way to use OVHcloud's API keys is to embed them directly in the application code. While this is very convenient, it lacks of elegance and flexibility.

Example usage:

.. code:: python

client = ovh.Client(
    endpoint='ovh-eu',
    application_key='<application key>',
    application_secret='<application secret>',
    consumer_key='<consumer key>',
)

Environment vars and predefined configuration files

Alternatively it is suggested to use configuration files or environment variables so that the same code may run seamlessly in multiple environments. Production and development for instance.

This wrapper will first look for direct instantiation parameters then OVH_ENDPOINT, OVH_APPLICATION_KEY, OVH_APPLICATION_SECRET and OVH_CONSUMER_KEY environment variables. If either of these parameter is not provided, it will look for a configuration file of the form:

.. code:: ini

[default]
; general configuration: default endpoint
endpoint=ovh-eu

[ovh-eu]
; configuration specific to 'ovh-eu' endpoint
application_key=my_app_key
application_secret=my_application_secret
consumer_key=my_consumer_key

The client will successively attempt to locate this configuration file in

  1. Current working directory: ./ovh.conf
  2. Current user's home directory ~/.ovh.conf
  3. System wide configuration /etc/ovh.conf

This lookup mechanism makes it easy to overload credentials for a specific project or user.

Example usage:

.. code:: python

client = ovh.Client()

Use v1 and v2 API versions

When using OVHcloud APIs (not So you Start or Kimsufi ones), you are given the opportunity to aim for two API versions. For the European API, for example:

.. code:: python

client = ovh.Client(endpoint="ovh-eu")

# Call to https://eu.api.ovh.com/v1/xdsl/xdsl-yourservice
client.get("/v1/xdsl/xdsl-yourservice")

# Call to https://eu.api.ovh.com/v2/xdsl/xdsl-yourservice
client.get("/v2/xdsl/xdsl-yourservice")

# Legacy call to https://eu.api.ovh.com/1.0/xdsl/xdsl-yourservice
client.get("/xdsl/xdsl-yourservice")

Custom configuration file

You can also specify a custom configuration file. With this method, you won't be able to inherit values from environment.

Example usage:

.. code:: python

client = ovh.Client(config_file='/my/config.conf')

Passing parameters

You can call all the methods of the API with the necessary arguments.

If an API needs an argument colliding with a Python reserved keyword, it can be prefixed with an underscore. For example, from argument of POST /email/domain/{domain}/redirection may be replaced by _from.

With characters invalid in python argument name like a dot, you can:

.. code:: python

import ovh

params = {}
params['date.from'] = '2014-01-01'
params['date.to'] = '2015-01-01'

# create a client
client = ovh.Client()

# pass parameters using **
client.post('/me/bills', **params)

Advanced usage

Un-authenticated calls

If the user has not authenticated yet (ie, there is no valid Consumer Key), you may force python-ovh to issue the call by passing _need_auth=True to the high level get(), post(), put() and delete() helpers or need_auth=True to the low level method Client.call() and Client.raw_call().

This is needed when calling POST /auth/credential and GET /auth/time which are used internally for authentication and can optionally be done for most of the /order calls.

Access the raw requests response objects

The high level get(), post(), put() and delete() helpers as well as the lower level call() will returned a parsed json response or raise in case of error.

In some rare scenario, advanced setups, you may need to perform customer processing on the raw request response. It may be accessed via raw_call(). This is the lowest level call in python-ovh. See the source for more information.

Hacking

This wrapper uses standard Python tools, so you should feel at home with it. Here is a quick outline of what it may look like. A good practice is to run this from a virtualenv.

Get the sources

.. code:: bash

git clone https://github.com/ovh/python-ovh.git
cd python-ovh
python setup.py develop

You've developed a new cool feature? Fixed an annoying bug? We'd be happy to hear from you!

Run the tests

Simply run pytest. It will automatically load its configuration from setup.cfg and output full coverage status. Since we all love quality, please note that we do not accept contributions with test coverage under 100%.

.. code:: bash

pip install -e .[dev]
pytest

Build the documentation

Documentation is managed using the excellent Sphinx system. For example, to build HTML documentation:

.. code:: bash

cd python-ovh/docs
make html

Supported APIs

OVHcloud Europe

OVHcloud US

OVHcloud North America

So you Start Europe

So you Start North America

Kimsufi Europe

Kimsufi North America

Related links

License

3-Clause BSD