Open5GS EPC & OpenAirInterface UE / RAN Sample Configuration

From Open5GS v2.0.22, it is possible to connect to OpenAirInterface UE / RAN v1.0.3. Therefore, in order to use U-Plane's PDN (Packet Data Network) as a trial, I built a simulation environment for the CUPS-enabled EPC mobile network. This briefly describes the overall and configuration files.

Sample Configurations and Miscellaneous for Mobile Network

Overview of Open5GS CUPS-enabled EPC Simulation Mobile Network
Changes in configuration files of Open5GS EPC and OAI UE / RAN
Network settings of Open5GS EPC and OAI UE / RAN
Build Open5GS and OAI UE / RAN
Run Open5GS EPC and OAI UE / RAN
Ping google.com
- Case for going through PDN 10.45.0.0/16
Changelog (summary)

Overview of Open5GS CUPS-enabled EPC Simulation Mobile Network

I created a CUPS-enabled EPC mobile network (Internet reachable) for simulation with the aim of creating an environment in which packets can be sent end-to-end with different PDNs for each APN.

The following minimum configuration was set as a condition.

C-Plane have multiple U-Planes.
U-Plane have multiple PDNs.
Multiple UEs connect to same PDN.

The built simulation environment is as follows.

./images/network-overview.png

Note. The PDN end-point addresses assigned to oipX TUNnel interfaces are not always in the order shown in the figure above.

The EPC / UE / RAN used are as follows.

EPC - Open5GS v2.5.6 (2023.01.13) - https://github.com/open5gs/open5gs
UE / RAN - OpenAirInterface(OAI) v1.0.3 - https://gitlab.eurecom.fr/oai/openairinterface5g/-/tree/v1.0.3

Each VMs are as follows.	VM #	SW & Role	IP address	OS	Memory (Min)
VM1	Open5GS EPC C-Plane	192.168.0.111/24 192.168.0.112/24	Ubuntu 20.04	1GB	20GB
VM2	Open5GS EPC U-Plane1	192.168.0.113/24 192.168.0.114/24	Ubuntu 20.04	1GB	20GB
VM3	Open5GS EPC U-Plane2	192.168.0.115/24 192.168.0.116/24	Ubuntu 20.04	1GB	20GB
VM4	OpenAirInterface UE / RAN	192.168.0.120/24	Ubuntu 18.04	2GB	40GB

OAI UE / RAN cannot be built on Ubuntu 20.04, so build it on Ubuntu 18.04.

Subscriber Information (other information is the same) is as follows.	UE #	IMSI	APN
UE0	001010000000100	internet	OPc
UE1	001010000000101	internet2	OPc
UE2	001010000000102	internet2	OPc
UE3	001010000000103	ims	OPc
UE4	001010000000104	ims	OPc

I registered these information with the Open5GS WebUI. In addition, 3GPP TS 35.208 "4.3 Test Sets" is published by 3GPP as test data for the 3GPP authentication and key generation functions (MILENAGE).

Each PDNs are as follows.	PDN	TUNnel interface of PDN	APN	TUNnel interface of UE
10.45.0.0/16	ogstun	internet	oip1	U-Plane1
10.46.0.0/16	ogstun2	internet2	oip2, oip3	U-Plane1
10.47.0.0/16	ogstun3	ims	oip4, oip5	U-Plane2

Additional information.

Open5GS EPC U-Plane worked fine on Raspberry Pi 4 Model B. I used Ubuntu 20.04 (64bit) for Raspberry Pi 4 as the OS. I think it would be convenient to place a compact U-Plane in the edge environment and use it as an end-point for PDN.

In addition, I have not confirmed the communication performance.

Changes in configuration files of Open5GS EPC and OAI UE / RAN

Please refer to the following for building Open5GS and OAI UE / RAN respectively.

Open5GS v2.5.6 (2023.01.13) - https://open5gs.org/open5gs/docs/guide/02-building-open5gs-from-sources/
OAI UE / RAN v1.0.3 - https://gitlab.eurecom.fr/oai/openairinterface5g/-/wikis/l2-nfapi-simulator/l2-nfapi-simulator-w-S1-same-machine

Changes in configuration files of Open5GS EPC C-Plane

The following parameters can be used in the logic that selects SGW-U and UPF(PGW-U) as the connection destination by PFCP.

APN
TAC (Tracking Area Code)
e_CellID

For the sake of simplicity, I used only APN this time.

open5gs/install/etc/open5gs/mme.yaml


--- mme.yaml.orig       2023-01-13 22:02:14.683885123 +0900
+++ mme.yaml    2023-01-13 22:19:08.430598218 +0900
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@
mme:
 freeDiameter: /root/open5gs/install/etc/freeDiameter/mme.conf
 s1ap:

- addr: 127.0.0.2
- addr: 192.168.0.111 gtpc:
  - addr: 127.0.0.2 metrics: @@ -259,14 +259,14 @@ port: 9090 gummei: plmn_id:
mcc: 999
mnc: 70
mcc: 001
mnc: 01 mme_gid: 2 mme_code: 1 tai: plmn_id:
mcc: 999
mnc: 70
mcc: 001
mnc: 01 tac: 1 security: integrity_order : [ EIA2, EIA1, EIA0 ] @@ -396,6 +396,7 @@
use_openair: true

# parameter:

use_openair: true

max:

When connecting with OpenAirInterface UE / RAN v1.0.3, add the following.

parameter: use_openair: true

open5gs/install/etc/open5gs/sgwc.yaml


--- sgwc.yaml.orig      2023-01-13 22:02:14.711885500 +0900
+++ sgwc.yaml   2023-01-13 22:19:29.399785419 +0900
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@
 gtpc:
   - addr: 127.0.0.3
 pfcp:

- addr: 127.0.0.3
- addr: 192.168.0.111
#

sgwu:

@@ -120,7 +120,10 @@ # sgwu: pfcp:
- addr: 127.0.0.6
- addr: 192.168.0.113
apn: [internet, internet2]
- addr: 192.168.0.115
apn: ims

#

parameter:

open5gs/install/etc/open5gs/smf.yaml


--- smf.yaml.orig       2023-01-13 22:02:14.769886280 +0900
+++ smf.yaml    2023-01-13 22:19:52.839996198 +0900
@@ -504,24 +504,22 @@
#      maximum_integrity_protected_data_rate_downlink: bitrate64kbs|maximum-UE-rate
#
smf:

sbi:
- addr: 127.0.0.4
port: 7777 pfcp:
- addr: 127.0.0.4
- addr: ::1
- addr: 192.168.0.112 gtpc:
  - addr: 127.0.0.4
- addr: ::1 gtpu:
- addr: 127.0.0.4
- addr: ::1
- addr: 192.168.0.112 metrics:
  - addr: 127.0.0.4 port: 9090 subnet:
  - addr: 10.45.0.1/16
- addr: 2001:db8:cafe::1/48
dnn: internet
- addr: 10.46.0.1/16
dnn: internet2
- addr: 10.47.0.1/16
dnn: ims dns:
- 8.8.8.8
- 8.8.4.4 @@ -579,10 +577,6 @@
  l_linger: 10
  
  # # -scp:
sbi:
- addr: 127.0.1.10
port: 7777

#

nrf:

@@ -695,7 +689,10 @@ # upf: pfcp:
- addr: 127.0.0.7
- addr: 192.168.0.114
dnn: [internet, internet2]
- addr: 192.168.0.116
dnn: ims

#

parameter:

Changes in configuration files of Open5GS EPC U-Plane1

open5gs/install/etc/open5gs/sgwu.yaml


--- sgwu.yaml.orig      2023-01-13 22:08:41.734363371 +0900
+++ sgwu.yaml   2023-01-13 22:21:27.077172515 +0900
@@ -98,9 +98,9 @@
#
sgwu:
 pfcp:

- addr: 127.0.0.6
- addr: 192.168.0.113 gtpu:
- addr: 127.0.0.6
- addr: 192.168.0.113
#

sgwc:

open5gs/install/etc/open5gs/upf.yaml


--- upf.yaml.orig       2023-01-13 22:08:41.821362757 +0900
+++ upf.yaml    2023-01-13 22:21:45.197282445 +0900
@@ -173,12 +173,16 @@
#
upf:
 pfcp:

- addr: 127.0.0.7
- addr: 192.168.0.114 gtpu:
- addr: 127.0.0.7
- addr: 192.168.0.114 subnet:
  - addr: 10.45.0.1/16
- addr: 2001:db8:cafe::1/48
dnn: internet
dev: ogstun
- addr: 10.46.0.1/16
dnn: internet2
dev: ogstun2 metrics:
- addr: 127.0.0.7 port: 9090

Changes in configuration files of Open5GS EPC U-Plane2

open5gs/install/etc/open5gs/sgwu.yaml


--- sgwu.yaml.orig      2023-01-13 22:15:21.100408033 +0900
+++ sgwu.yaml   2023-01-13 22:22:54.561135811 +0900
@@ -98,9 +98,9 @@
#
sgwu:
 pfcp:

- addr: 127.0.0.6
- addr: 192.168.0.115 gtpu:
- addr: 127.0.0.6
- addr: 192.168.0.115
#

sgwc:

open5gs/install/etc/open5gs/upf.yaml


--- upf.yaml.orig       2023-01-13 22:15:21.189408143 +0900
+++ upf.yaml    2023-01-13 22:23:11.987345354 +0900
@@ -173,12 +173,13 @@
#
upf:
 pfcp:

- addr: 127.0.0.7
- addr: 192.168.0.116 gtpu:
- addr: 127.0.0.7
- addr: 192.168.0.116 subnet:
- addr: 10.45.0.1/16
- addr: 2001:db8:cafe::1/48
- addr: 10.47.0.1/16
dnn: ims
dev: ogstun3 metrics:
- addr: 127.0.0.7 port: 9090

Changes in configuration files of OAI UE / RAN

Changes in configuration files of UE

ue_folder/ci-scripts/conf_files/ue.nfapi.conf


--- ue.nfapi.conf.orig  2020-11-22 07:54:40.846830672 +0000
+++ ue.nfapi.conf       2020-09-23 08:01:54.000000000 +0000
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@
    num_cc = 1;
    tr_n_preference = "nfapi";
    local_n_if_name  = "lo";

remote_n_address = "127.0.0.2";
local_n_address = "127.0.0.1";
remote_n_address = "127.0.0.1";
local_n_address = "127.0.0.2"; local_n_portc = 50000; remote_n_portc = 50001; local_n_portd = 50010;

ue_folder/openair3/NAS/TOOLS/ue_eurecom_test_sfr.conf


--- ue_eurecom_test_sfr.conf.orig       2020-11-22 15:33:56.000000000 +0000
+++ ue_eurecom_test_sfr.conf    2020-11-24 02:38:41.104185570 +0000
@@ -86,14 +86,162 @@
 };

 SIM: {

MSIN="0100001111";
USIM_API_K="8baf473f2f8fd09487cccbd7097c6862";
OPC="e734f8734007d6c5ce7a0508809e7e9c";
MSIN="0000000100";
USIM_API_K="465B5CE8B199B49FAA5F0A2EE238A6BC";
OPC="E8ED289DEBA952E4283B54E88E6183CA"; MSISDN="33611123456"; };

Home PLMN Selector with Access Technology
HPLMN= "20893";
HPLMN= "00101";
User controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology
UCPLMN_LIST = ();
Operator PLMN List
OPLMN_LIST = ("00101", "20810", "20811", "20813", "20893", "310280", "310028");
Operator controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology
OCPLMN_LIST = ("22210", "21401", "21406", "26202", "26204");
Forbidden plmns
FPLMN_LIST = ();
List of Equivalent HPLMNs

+#TODO: UE does not connect if set, to be fixed in the UE +# EHPLMN_LIST= ("20811", "20813");
EHPLMN_LIST= (); +};
+UE1: +{
USER: {
IMEI="356113022094149";
MANUFACTURER="EURECOM";
MODEL="LTE Android PC";
PIN="0000";
};
SIM: {
MSIN="0000000101";
USIM_API_K="465B5CE8B199B49FAA5F0A2EE238A6BC";
OPC="E8ED289DEBA952E4283B54E88E6183CA";
MSISDN="33611123456";
};
Home PLMN Selector with Access Technology
HPLMN= "00101";
User controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology
UCPLMN_LIST = ();
Operator PLMN List
OPLMN_LIST = ("00101", "20810", "20811", "20813", "20893", "310280", "310028");
Operator controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology
OCPLMN_LIST = ("22210", "21401", "21406", "26202", "26204");
Forbidden plmns
FPLMN_LIST = ();
List of Equivalent HPLMNs

+#TODO: UE does not connect if set, to be fixed in the UE +# EHPLMN_LIST= ("20811", "20813");
EHPLMN_LIST= (); +};
+UE2: +{
USER: {
IMEI="356113022094149";
MANUFACTURER="EURECOM";
MODEL="LTE Android PC";
PIN="0000";
};
SIM: {
MSIN="0000000102";
USIM_API_K="465B5CE8B199B49FAA5F0A2EE238A6BC";
OPC="E8ED289DEBA952E4283B54E88E6183CA";
MSISDN="33611123456";
};
Home PLMN Selector with Access Technology
HPLMN= "00101";
User controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology
UCPLMN_LIST = ();
Operator PLMN List
OPLMN_LIST = ("00101", "20810", "20811", "20813", "20893", "310280", "310028");
Operator controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology
OCPLMN_LIST = ("22210", "21401", "21406", "26202", "26204");
Forbidden plmns
FPLMN_LIST = ();
List of Equivalent HPLMNs

+#TODO: UE does not connect if set, to be fixed in the UE +# EHPLMN_LIST= ("20811", "20813");
EHPLMN_LIST= (); +};
+UE3: +{
USER: {
IMEI="356113022094149";
MANUFACTURER="EURECOM";
MODEL="LTE Android PC";
PIN="0000";
};
SIM: {
MSIN="0000000103";
USIM_API_K="465B5CE8B199B49FAA5F0A2EE238A6BC";
OPC="E8ED289DEBA952E4283B54E88E6183CA";
MSISDN="33611123456";
};
Home PLMN Selector with Access Technology
HPLMN= "00101";
User controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology
UCPLMN_LIST = ();
Operator PLMN List
OPLMN_LIST = ("00101", "20810", "20811", "20813", "20893", "310280", "310028");
Operator controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology
OCPLMN_LIST = ("22210", "21401", "21406", "26202", "26204");
Forbidden plmns
FPLMN_LIST = ();
List of Equivalent HPLMNs

+#TODO: UE does not connect if set, to be fixed in the UE +# EHPLMN_LIST= ("20811", "20813");
EHPLMN_LIST= (); +};
+UE4: +{
USER: {
IMEI="356113022094149";
MANUFACTURER="EURECOM";
MODEL="LTE Android PC";
PIN="0000";
};
SIM: {
MSIN="0000000104";
USIM_API_K="465B5CE8B199B49FAA5F0A2EE238A6BC";
OPC="E8ED289DEBA952E4283B54E88E6183CA";
MSISDN="33611123456";
};
Home PLMN Selector with Access Technology
HPLMN= "00101";

User controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology

UCPLMN_LIST = ();
```
<a id="changes_ran"></a>
```

Changes in configuration files of RAN

enb_folder/ci-scripts/conf_files/rcc.band7.tm1.nfapi.conf


--- rcc.band7.tm1.nfapi.conf.orig       2020-11-22 15:33:38.000000000 +0000
+++ rcc.band7.tm1.nfapi.conf    2020-11-24 01:00:23.936598997 +0000
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 // Tracking area code, 0x0000 and 0xfffe are reserved values
 tracking_area_code = 1;

plmn_list = ( { mcc = 208; mnc = 93; mnc_length = 2; } );
plmn_list = ( { mcc = 001; mnc = 01; mnc_length = 2; } );

tr_s_preference = "local_mac"

@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@

 ////////// MME parameters:

mme_ip_address = ( { ipv4 = "CI_MME_IP_ADDR";
mme_ip_address = ( { ipv4 = "192.168.0.111"; ipv6 = "192:168:30::17"; active = "yes"; preference = "ipv4"; @@ -181,12 +181,12 @@

NETWORK_INTERFACES : {
ENB_INTERFACE_NAME_FOR_S1_MME = "ens3";
ENB_IPV4_ADDRESS_FOR_S1_MME = "CI_ENB_IP_ADDR";
ENB_INTERFACE_NAME_FOR_S1U = "ens3";
ENB_IPV4_ADDRESS_FOR_S1U = "CI_ENB_IP_ADDR";
ENB_INTERFACE_NAME_FOR_S1_MME = "enp0s8";
ENB_IPV4_ADDRESS_FOR_S1_MME = "192.168.0.120/24";
ENB_INTERFACE_NAME_FOR_S1U = "enp0s8";
ENB_IPV4_ADDRESS_FOR_S1U = "192.168.0.120/24"; ENB_PORT_FOR_S1U = 2152; # Spec 2152
ENB_IPV4_ADDRESS_FOR_X2C = "CI_ENB_IP_ADDR";
ENB_IPV4_ADDRESS_FOR_X2C = "192.168.0.120/24"; ENB_PORT_FOR_X2C = 36422; # Spec 36422

}; @@ -197,8 +197,8 @@ { num_cc = 1; local_s_if_name = "lo:";
remote_s_address = "127.0.0.1";
local_s_address = "127.0.0.2";
remote_s_address = "127.0.0.2";
local_s_address = "127.0.0.1"; local_s_portc = 50001; remote_s_portc = 50000; local_s_portd = 50011;

Network settings of Open5GS EPC and OAI UE / RAN

Network settings of Open5GS EPC C-Plane

Add IP address for SMF(PGW-C).

ip addr add 192.168.0.112/24 dev enp0s8

Note. enp0s8 is the network interface of 192.168.0.0/24 in my VirtualBox environment. Please change it according to your environment.

Network settings of Open5GS EPC U-Plane1

First, uncomment the next line in the /etc/sysctl.conf file and reflect it in the OS.

net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

# sysctl -p

Next, add IP address for UPF(PGW-U) and configure the TUNnel interface and NAPT.

ip addr add 192.168.0.114/24 dev enp0s8

ip tuntap add name ogstun mode tun
ip addr add 10.45.0.1/16 dev ogstun
ip link set ogstun up

iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.45.0.0/16 ! -o ogstun -j MASQUERADE

ip tuntap add name ogstun2 mode tun
ip addr add 10.46.0.1/16 dev ogstun2
ip link set ogstun2 up

iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.46.0.0/16 ! -o ogstun2 -j MASQUERADE

Network settings of Open5GS EPC U-Plane2

First, uncomment the next line in the /etc/sysctl.conf file and reflect it in the OS.

net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

# sysctl -p

Next, add IP address for UPF(PGW-U) and configure the TUNnel interface and NAPT.

ip addr add 192.168.0.116/24 dev enp0s8

ip tuntap add name ogstun3 mode tun
ip addr add 10.47.0.1/16 dev ogstun3
ip link set ogstun3 up

iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.47.0.0/16 ! -o ogstun3 -j MASQUERADE

Network settings of OAI UE / RAN

ifconfig lo: 127.0.0.2 netmask 255.0.0.0 up

Build Open5GS and OAI UE / RAN

Please refer to the following for building Open5GS and OAI UE / RAN respectively.

Open5GS v2.5.6 (2023.01.13) - https://open5gs.org/open5gs/docs/guide/02-building-open5gs-from-sources/
OAI UE / RAN v1.0.3 - https://gitlab.eurecom.fr/oai/openairinterface5g/-/wikis/l2-nfapi-simulator/l2-nfapi-simulator-w-S1-same-machine

Install MongoDB on Open5GS EPC C-Plane machine. It is not necessary to install MongoDB on Open5GS EPC U-Plane machines. MongoDB Compass is a convenient tool to look at the MongoDB database.

Note. When building OAI UE / RAN, add -I to the parameter of the build_oai command for the first time. The following is an example of building eNB.

./build_oai -I --eNB -t ETHERNET -c

Run Open5GS EPC and OAI UE / RAN

First run the EPC, then the RAN, and the UE.

Run Open5GS EPC C-Plane

First, run Open5GS EPC C-Plane.

Open5GS EPC C-Plane

./install/bin/open5gs-mmed &
./install/bin/open5gs-sgwcd &
./install/bin/open5gs-smfd &
./install/bin/open5gs-hssd &
./install/bin/open5gs-pcrfd &

Run Open5GS EPC U-Plane1 & U-Plane2

Next, run Open5GS EPC U-Plane.

Open5GS EPC U-Plane1

./install/bin/open5gs-sgwud &
./install/bin/open5gs-upfd &

Open5GS EPC U-Plane2

./install/bin/open5gs-sgwud &
./install/bin/open5gs-upfd &

Run OAI RAN

Run OAI eNB and connect to Open5GS EPC.

# cd ~/enb_folder/cmake_targets
# ./lte_build_oai/build/lte-softmodem -O ../ci-scripts/conf_files/rcc.band7.tm1.nfapi.conf 2>&1 | tee enb.log

The Open5GS C-Plane log when executed is as follows.

01/13 23:10:08.071: [mme] INFO: eNB-S1 accepted[192.168.0.120]:36412 in s1_path module (../src/mme/s1ap-sctp.c:114)
01/13 23:10:08.071: [mme] INFO: eNB-S1 accepted[192.168.0.120] in master_sm module (../src/mme/mme-sm.c:106)
01/13 23:10:08.071: [mme] INFO: [Added] Number of eNBs is now 1 (../src/mme/mme-context.c:1925)
01/13 23:10:08.071: [mme] INFO: eNB-S1[192.168.0.120] max_num_of_ostreams : 2 (../src/mme/mme-sm.c:148)

Run OAI 5 UEs

Run OAI 5 UEs and connect to Open5GS EPC. Add --num-ues 5 to the parameter to use 5 UEs.

# cd ~/ue_folder/cmake_targets/tools
# source init_nas_s1 UE
# cd ..
# ./lte_build_oai/build/lte-uesoftmodem -O ../ci-scripts/conf_files/ue.nfapi.conf --L2-emul 3 --num-ues 5 2>&1 | tee ue.log

The Open5GS C-Plane log when executed is as follows. 5 UEs connected to the EPC and each PDU session was established.

01/13 23:10:32.395: [mme] INFO: InitialUEMessage (../src/mme/s1ap-handler.c:223)
01/13 23:10:32.395: [mme] INFO: [Added] Number of eNB-UEs is now 1 (../src/mme/mme-context.c:3629)
01/13 23:10:32.395: [mme] INFO:     ENB_UE_S1AP_ID[420141] MME_UE_S1AP_ID[1] TAC[1] CellID[0xe0000] (../src/mme/s1ap-handler.c:369)
01/13 23:10:32.395: [mme] INFO: [001010000000100] Unknown UE by IMSI (../src/mme/mme-context.c:2614)
01/13 23:10:32.395: [mme] INFO: [Added] Number of MME-UEs is now 1 (../src/mme/mme-context.c:2441)
01/13 23:10:32.395: [emm] INFO: [] Attach request (../src/mme/emm-sm.c:306)
01/13 23:10:32.395: [emm] INFO:     IMSI[001010000000100] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:193)
01/13 23:10:32.455: [mme] INFO: [Added] Number of MME-Sessions is now 1 (../src/mme/mme-context.c:3643)
01/13 23:10:32.456: [sgwc] INFO: [Added] Number of SGWC-UEs is now 1 (../src/sgwc/context.c:210)
01/13 23:10:32.456: [sgwc] INFO: [Added] Number of SGWC-Sessions is now 1 (../src/sgwc/context.c:891)
01/13 23:10:32.457: [gtp] INFO: gtp_connect() [127.0.0.4]:2123 (../lib/gtp/path.c:60)
01/13 23:10:32.457: [smf] INFO: [Added] Number of SMF-UEs is now 1 (../src/smf/context.c:1009)
01/13 23:10:32.457: [smf] INFO: [Added] Number of SMF-Sessions is now 1 (../src/smf/context.c:3088)
01/13 23:10:32.457: [smf] INFO: UE IMSI[001010000000100] APN[internet] IPv4[10.45.0.2] IPv6[] (../src/smf/s5c-handler.c:255)
01/13 23:10:32.463: [gtp] INFO: gtp_connect() [192.168.0.114]:2152 (../lib/gtp/path.c:60)
01/13 23:10:32.463: [gtp] INFO: gtp_connect() [127.0.0.4]:2123 (../lib/gtp/path.c:60)
01/13 23:10:32.714: [emm] INFO: [001010000000100] Attach complete (../src/mme/emm-sm.c:1082)
01/13 23:10:32.715: [emm] INFO:     IMSI[001010000000100] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:242)
01/13 23:10:32.715: [emm] INFO:     UTC [2023-01-13T14:10:32] Timezone[0]/DST[0] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:248)
01/13 23:10:32.715: [emm] INFO:     LOCAL [2023-01-13T23:10:32] Timezone[32400]/DST[0] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:252)
01/13 23:10:32.717: [mme] INFO: InitialUEMessage (../src/mme/s1ap-handler.c:223)
01/13 23:10:32.717: [mme] INFO: [Added] Number of eNB-UEs is now 2 (../src/mme/mme-context.c:3629)
01/13 23:10:32.717: [mme] INFO:     ENB_UE_S1AP_ID[16398672] MME_UE_S1AP_ID[2] TAC[1] CellID[0xe0000] (../src/mme/s1ap-handler.c:369)
01/13 23:10:32.718: [mme] INFO: [001010000000101] Unknown UE by IMSI (../src/mme/mme-context.c:2614)
01/13 23:10:32.718: [mme] INFO: [Added] Number of MME-UEs is now 2 (../src/mme/mme-context.c:2441)
01/13 23:10:32.718: [emm] INFO: [] Attach request (../src/mme/emm-sm.c:306)
01/13 23:10:32.718: [emm] INFO:     IMSI[001010000000101] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:193)
01/13 23:10:32.767: [mme] INFO: [Added] Number of MME-Sessions is now 2 (../src/mme/mme-context.c:3643)
01/13 23:10:32.767: [sgwc] INFO: [Added] Number of SGWC-UEs is now 2 (../src/sgwc/context.c:210)
01/13 23:10:32.768: [sgwc] INFO: [Added] Number of SGWC-Sessions is now 2 (../src/sgwc/context.c:891)
01/13 23:10:32.769: [smf] INFO: [Added] Number of SMF-UEs is now 2 (../src/smf/context.c:1009)
01/13 23:10:32.770: [smf] INFO: [Added] Number of SMF-Sessions is now 2 (../src/smf/context.c:3088)
01/13 23:10:32.770: [smf] INFO: UE IMSI[001010000000101] APN[internet2] IPv4[10.46.0.2] IPv6[] (../src/smf/s5c-handler.c:255)
01/13 23:10:32.795: [mme] INFO: InitialUEMessage (../src/mme/s1ap-handler.c:223)
01/13 23:10:32.795: [mme] INFO: [Added] Number of eNB-UEs is now 3 (../src/mme/mme-context.c:3629)
01/13 23:10:32.795: [mme] INFO:     ENB_UE_S1AP_ID[7773174] MME_UE_S1AP_ID[3] TAC[1] CellID[0xe0000] (../src/mme/s1ap-handler.c:369)
01/13 23:10:32.796: [mme] INFO: [001010000000102] Unknown UE by IMSI (../src/mme/mme-context.c:2614)
01/13 23:10:32.796: [mme] INFO: [Added] Number of MME-UEs is now 3 (../src/mme/mme-context.c:2441)
01/13 23:10:32.796: [emm] INFO: [] Attach request (../src/mme/emm-sm.c:306)
01/13 23:10:32.797: [emm] INFO:     IMSI[001010000000102] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:193)
01/13 23:10:33.027: [emm] INFO: [001010000000101] Attach complete (../src/mme/emm-sm.c:1082)
01/13 23:10:33.029: [emm] INFO:     IMSI[001010000000101] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:242)
01/13 23:10:33.029: [emm] INFO:     UTC [2023-01-13T14:10:33] Timezone[0]/DST[0] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:248)
01/13 23:10:33.030: [emm] INFO:     LOCAL [2023-01-13T23:10:33] Timezone[32400]/DST[0] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:252)
01/13 23:10:33.033: [mme] INFO: [Added] Number of MME-Sessions is now 3 (../src/mme/mme-context.c:3643)
01/13 23:10:33.034: [sgwc] INFO: [Added] Number of SGWC-UEs is now 3 (../src/sgwc/context.c:210)
01/13 23:10:33.034: [sgwc] INFO: [Added] Number of SGWC-Sessions is now 3 (../src/sgwc/context.c:891)
01/13 23:10:33.035: [mme] INFO: InitialUEMessage (../src/mme/s1ap-handler.c:223)
01/13 23:10:33.035: [mme] INFO: [Added] Number of eNB-UEs is now 4 (../src/mme/mme-context.c:3629)
01/13 23:10:33.036: [smf] INFO: [Added] Number of SMF-UEs is now 3 (../src/smf/context.c:1009)
01/13 23:10:33.036: [smf] INFO: [Added] Number of SMF-Sessions is now 3 (../src/smf/context.c:3088)
01/13 23:10:33.037: [smf] INFO: UE IMSI[001010000000102] APN[internet2] IPv4[10.46.0.3] IPv6[] (../src/smf/s5c-handler.c:255)
01/13 23:10:33.040: [mme] INFO:     ENB_UE_S1AP_ID[10104933] MME_UE_S1AP_ID[4] TAC[1] CellID[0xe0000] (../src/mme/s1ap-handler.c:369)
01/13 23:10:33.040: [mme] INFO: [001010000000103] Unknown UE by IMSI (../src/mme/mme-context.c:2614)
01/13 23:10:33.041: [mme] INFO: [Added] Number of MME-UEs is now 4 (../src/mme/mme-context.c:2441)
01/13 23:10:33.041: [emm] INFO: [] Attach request (../src/mme/emm-sm.c:306)
01/13 23:10:33.041: [emm] INFO:     IMSI[001010000000103] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:193)
01/13 23:10:33.059: [mme] INFO: [Added] Number of MME-Sessions is now 4 (../src/mme/mme-context.c:3643)
01/13 23:10:33.059: [sgwc] INFO: [Added] Number of SGWC-UEs is now 4 (../src/sgwc/context.c:210)
01/13 23:10:33.060: [sgwc] INFO: [Added] Number of SGWC-Sessions is now 4 (../src/sgwc/context.c:891)
01/13 23:10:33.061: [smf] INFO: [Added] Number of SMF-UEs is now 4 (../src/smf/context.c:1009)
01/13 23:10:33.061: [smf] INFO: [Added] Number of SMF-Sessions is now 4 (../src/smf/context.c:3088)
01/13 23:10:33.061: [smf] INFO: UE IMSI[001010000000103] APN[ims] IPv4[10.47.0.2] IPv6[] (../src/smf/s5c-handler.c:255)
01/13 23:10:33.064: [gtp] INFO: gtp_connect() [192.168.0.116]:2152 (../lib/gtp/path.c:60)
01/13 23:10:33.275: [emm] INFO: [001010000000102] Attach complete (../src/mme/emm-sm.c:1082)
01/13 23:10:33.275: [emm] INFO:     IMSI[001010000000102] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:242)
01/13 23:10:33.276: [emm] INFO:     UTC [2023-01-13T14:10:33] Timezone[0]/DST[0] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:248)
01/13 23:10:33.276: [emm] INFO:     LOCAL [2023-01-13T23:10:33] Timezone[32400]/DST[0] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:252)
01/13 23:10:33.277: [emm] INFO: [001010000000103] Attach complete (../src/mme/emm-sm.c:1082)
01/13 23:10:33.278: [emm] INFO:     IMSI[001010000000103] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:242)
01/13 23:10:33.278: [emm] INFO:     UTC [2023-01-13T14:10:33] Timezone[0]/DST[0] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:248)
01/13 23:10:33.278: [emm] INFO:     LOCAL [2023-01-13T23:10:33] Timezone[32400]/DST[0] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:252)
01/13 23:10:33.279: [mme] INFO: InitialUEMessage (../src/mme/s1ap-handler.c:223)
01/13 23:10:33.279: [mme] INFO: [Added] Number of eNB-UEs is now 5 (../src/mme/mme-context.c:3629)
01/13 23:10:33.280: [mme] INFO:     ENB_UE_S1AP_ID[3105598] MME_UE_S1AP_ID[5] TAC[1] CellID[0xe0000] (../src/mme/s1ap-handler.c:369)
01/13 23:10:33.280: [mme] INFO: [001010000000104] Unknown UE by IMSI (../src/mme/mme-context.c:2614)
01/13 23:10:33.281: [mme] INFO: [Added] Number of MME-UEs is now 5 (../src/mme/mme-context.c:2441)
01/13 23:10:33.281: [emm] INFO: [] Attach request (../src/mme/emm-sm.c:306)
01/13 23:10:33.281: [emm] INFO:     IMSI[001010000000104] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:193)
01/13 23:10:33.339: [mme] INFO: [Added] Number of MME-Sessions is now 5 (../src/mme/mme-context.c:3643)
01/13 23:10:33.340: [sgwc] INFO: [Added] Number of SGWC-UEs is now 5 (../src/sgwc/context.c:210)
01/13 23:10:33.340: [sgwc] INFO: [Added] Number of SGWC-Sessions is now 5 (../src/sgwc/context.c:891)
01/13 23:10:33.342: [smf] INFO: [Added] Number of SMF-UEs is now 5 (../src/smf/context.c:1009)
01/13 23:10:33.342: [smf] INFO: [Added] Number of SMF-Sessions is now 5 (../src/smf/context.c:3088)
01/13 23:10:33.342: [smf] INFO: UE IMSI[001010000000104] APN[ims] IPv4[10.47.0.3] IPv6[] (../src/smf/s5c-handler.c:255)
01/13 23:10:33.594: [emm] INFO: [001010000000104] Attach complete (../src/mme/emm-sm.c:1082)
01/13 23:10:33.595: [emm] INFO:     IMSI[001010000000104] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:242)
01/13 23:10:33.595: [emm] INFO:     UTC [2023-01-13T14:10:33] Timezone[0]/DST[0] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:248)
01/13 23:10:33.595: [emm] INFO:     LOCAL [2023-01-13T23:10:33] Timezone[32400]/DST[0] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:252)

The Open5GS U-Plane1 log when executed is as follows. 3 GTP-U sessions have been created.

01/13 23:10:32.462: [sgwu] INFO: UE F-SEID[UP:0x1 CP:0x1] (../src/sgwu/context.c:157)
01/13 23:10:32.462: [sgwu] INFO: [Added] Number of SGWU-Sessions is now 1 (../src/sgwu/context.c:162)
01/13 23:10:32.467: [upf] INFO: [Added] Number of UPF-Sessions is now 1 (../src/upf/context.c:181)
01/13 23:10:32.467: [gtp] INFO: gtp_connect() [192.168.0.113]:2152 (../lib/gtp/path.c:60)
01/13 23:10:32.467: [gtp] INFO: gtp_connect() [192.168.0.112]:2152 (../lib/gtp/path.c:60)
01/13 23:10:32.467: [upf] INFO: UE F-SEID[UP:0x1 CP:0x1] APN[internet] PDN-Type[1] IPv4[10.45.0.2] IPv6[] (../src/upf/context.c:401)
01/13 23:10:32.468: [upf] INFO: UE F-SEID[UP:0x1 CP:0x1] APN[internet] PDN-Type[1] IPv4[10.45.0.2] IPv6[] (../src/upf/context.c:401)
01/13 23:10:32.469: [gtp] INFO: gtp_connect() [192.168.0.114]:2152 (../lib/gtp/path.c:60)
01/13 23:10:32.722: [gtp] INFO: gtp_connect() [192.168.0.120]:2152 (../lib/gtp/path.c:60)
01/13 23:10:32.774: [sgwu] INFO: UE F-SEID[UP:0x2 CP:0x2] (../src/sgwu/context.c:157)
01/13 23:10:32.774: [sgwu] INFO: [Added] Number of SGWU-Sessions is now 2 (../src/sgwu/context.c:162)
01/13 23:10:32.778: [upf] INFO: [Added] Number of UPF-Sessions is now 2 (../src/upf/context.c:181)
01/13 23:10:32.779: [upf] INFO: UE F-SEID[UP:0x2 CP:0x2] APN[internet2] PDN-Type[1] IPv4[10.46.0.2] IPv6[] (../src/upf/context.c:401)
01/13 23:10:32.779: [upf] INFO: UE F-SEID[UP:0x2 CP:0x2] APN[internet2] PDN-Type[1] IPv4[10.46.0.2] IPv6[] (../src/upf/context.c:401)
01/13 23:10:33.041: [sgwu] INFO: UE F-SEID[UP:0x3 CP:0x3] (../src/sgwu/context.c:157)
01/13 23:10:33.041: [sgwu] INFO: [Added] Number of SGWU-Sessions is now 3 (../src/sgwu/context.c:162)
01/13 23:10:33.045: [upf] INFO: [Added] Number of UPF-Sessions is now 3 (../src/upf/context.c:181)
01/13 23:10:33.046: [upf] INFO: UE F-SEID[UP:0x3 CP:0x3] APN[internet2] PDN-Type[1] IPv4[10.46.0.3] IPv6[] (../src/upf/context.c:401)
01/13 23:10:33.046: [upf] INFO: UE F-SEID[UP:0x3 CP:0x3] APN[internet2] PDN-Type[1] IPv4[10.46.0.3] IPv6[] (../src/upf/context.c:401)

The Open5GS U-Plane2 log when executed is as follows. 2 GTP-U sessions have been created.

01/13 23:10:33.056: [sgwu] INFO: UE F-SEID[UP:0x1 CP:0x4] (../src/sgwu/context.c:157)
01/13 23:10:33.056: [sgwu] INFO: [Added] Number of SGWU-Sessions is now 1 (../src/sgwu/context.c:162)
01/13 23:10:33.059: [upf] INFO: [Added] Number of UPF-Sessions is now 1 (../src/upf/context.c:181)
01/13 23:10:33.059: [gtp] INFO: gtp_connect() [192.168.0.115]:2152 (../lib/gtp/path.c:60)
01/13 23:10:33.059: [gtp] INFO: gtp_connect() [192.168.0.112]:2152 (../lib/gtp/path.c:60)
01/13 23:10:33.059: [upf] INFO: UE F-SEID[UP:0x1 CP:0x4] APN[ims] PDN-Type[1] IPv4[10.47.0.2] IPv6[] (../src/upf/context.c:401)
01/13 23:10:33.059: [upf] INFO: UE F-SEID[UP:0x1 CP:0x4] APN[ims] PDN-Type[1] IPv4[10.47.0.2] IPv6[] (../src/upf/context.c:401)
01/13 23:10:33.060: [gtp] INFO: gtp_connect() [192.168.0.116]:2152 (../lib/gtp/path.c:60)
01/13 23:10:33.275: [gtp] INFO: gtp_connect() [192.168.0.120]:2152 (../lib/gtp/path.c:60)
01/13 23:10:33.336: [sgwu] INFO: UE F-SEID[UP:0x2 CP:0x5] (../src/sgwu/context.c:157)
01/13 23:10:33.336: [sgwu] INFO: [Added] Number of SGWU-Sessions is now 2 (../src/sgwu/context.c:162)
01/13 23:10:33.340: [upf] INFO: [Added] Number of UPF-Sessions is now 2 (../src/upf/context.c:181)
01/13 23:10:33.340: [upf] INFO: UE F-SEID[UP:0x2 CP:0x5] APN[ims] PDN-Type[1] IPv4[10.47.0.3] IPv6[] (../src/upf/context.c:401)
01/13 23:10:33.340: [upf] INFO: UE F-SEID[UP:0x2 CP:0x5] APN[ims] PDN-Type[1] IPv4[10.47.0.3] IPv6[] (../src/upf/context.c:401)

The result of ip addr show on VM4 (OAI UE) is as follows.

# ip addr show
...
52: oip1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UNKNOWN group default qlen 100
    link/generic 00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 10.45.0.2/8 brd 10.255.255.255 scope global oip1
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
53: oip2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UNKNOWN group default qlen 100
    link/generic 00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 10.46.0.2/8 brd 10.255.255.255 scope global oip2
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
54: oip3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UNKNOWN group default qlen 100
    link/generic 00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 10.46.0.3/8 brd 10.255.255.255 scope global oip3
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
55: oip4: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UNKNOWN group default qlen 100
    link/generic 00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 10.47.0.2/8 brd 10.255.255.255 scope global oip4
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
56: oip5: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UNKNOWN group default qlen 100
    link/generic 00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 10.47.0.3/8 brd 10.255.255.255 scope global oip5
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
...

Ping google.com

Specify the TUN interface on VM4 (UE0) and try ping.

Case for going through PDN 10.45.0.0/16

Execute tcpdump on VM2 (U-Plane1) and check that the packet goes through if=ogstun.

ping google.com on VM4 (UE0)

# ping google.com -I oip1 -n
PING google.com (172.217.174.110) from 10.45.0.2 oip1: 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.217.174.110: icmp_seq=1 ttl=61 time=45.7 ms
64 bytes from 172.217.174.110: icmp_seq=2 ttl=61 time=43.0 ms
64 bytes from 172.217.174.110: icmp_seq=3 ttl=61 time=33.1 ms

Run tcpdump on VM2 (U-Plane1)

# tcpdump -i ogstun -n
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on ogstun, link-type RAW (Raw IP), capture size 262144 bytes
23:11:19.027312 IP 10.45.0.2 > 172.217.174.110: ICMP echo request, id 3381, seq 1, length 64
23:11:19.047172 IP 172.217.174.110 > 10.45.0.2: ICMP echo reply, id 3381, seq 1, length 64
23:11:20.026815 IP 10.45.0.2 > 172.217.174.110: ICMP echo request, id 3381, seq 2, length 64
23:11:20.044912 IP 172.217.174.110 > 10.45.0.2: ICMP echo reply, id 3381, seq 2, length 64
23:11:21.019346 IP 10.45.0.2 > 172.217.174.110: ICMP echo request, id 3381, seq 3, length 64
23:11:21.036928 IP 172.217.174.110 > 10.45.0.2: ICMP echo reply, id 3381, seq 3, length 64

For oip2-oip5 as well, execute tcpdump on each U-Plane and check the packets flowing through ogstunX.

You could now create the end-to-end TUN interfaces on the PDN and send any packets on the network.

In investigating private LTE, I have built a simulation environment and can now use a very useful system for investigating CUPS-enabled EPC and MEC of LTE mobile network. I would like to thank the excellent developers and all the contributors of Open5GS and OpenAirInterface.

Changelog (summary)

[2023.01.13] Updated to Open5GS v2.5.6.
[2022.06.05] Updated to Open5GS v2.4.7 and assigned IP addresses to each of SMF(PGW-C) and UPF(PGW-U).
[2022.04.05] Updated to Open5GS v2.4.5 and removed the connection setting to NRF in smf.yaml.
[2021.03.09] Updated to Open5GS v2.2.0.
[2020.11.24] Initial release.

s5uishida / open5gs_epc_oai_sample_config

readme

Open5GS EPC & OpenAirInterface UE / RAN Sample Configuration

Sample Configurations and Miscellaneous for Mobile Network

Table of Contents

Changelog (summary)

Overview of Open5GS CUPS-enabled EPC Simulation Mobile Network

Changes in configuration files of Open5GS EPC and OAI UE / RAN

Changes in configuration files of Open5GS EPC C-Plane

use_openair: true

max:

sgwu:

parameter:

l_linger: 10

nrf:

parameter:

Changes in configuration files of Open5GS EPC U-Plane1

sgwc:

Changes in configuration files of Open5GS EPC U-Plane2

sgwc:

Changes in configuration files of OAI UE / RAN

Changes in configuration files of UE

Home PLMN Selector with Access Technology

User controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology

Operator PLMN List

Operator controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology

Forbidden plmns

List of Equivalent HPLMNs

Home PLMN Selector with Access Technology

User controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology

Operator PLMN List

Operator controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology

Forbidden plmns

List of Equivalent HPLMNs

Home PLMN Selector with Access Technology

User controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology

Operator PLMN List

Operator controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology

Forbidden plmns

List of Equivalent HPLMNs

Home PLMN Selector with Access Technology

User controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology

Operator PLMN List

Operator controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology

Forbidden plmns

List of Equivalent HPLMNs

Home PLMN Selector with Access Technology

User controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology

Changes in configuration files of RAN

Network settings of Open5GS EPC and OAI UE / RAN

Network settings of Open5GS EPC C-Plane

Network settings of Open5GS EPC U-Plane1

Network settings of Open5GS EPC U-Plane2

Network settings of OAI UE / RAN

Build Open5GS and OAI UE / RAN

Run Open5GS EPC and OAI UE / RAN

Run Open5GS EPC C-Plane

Run Open5GS EPC U-Plane1 & U-Plane2

Run OAI RAN

Run OAI 5 UEs

Ping google.com

Case for going through PDN 10.45.0.0/16

Changelog (summary)