Opencore-EFI-Z370M
Opencore-0.9.9
EFI for Hackintosh 13-Ventura
install/boot.
华硕 Asus Z370M Plus II 主板
主板接口图 Motherboard plugs graph
硬件 Hardware Specification
The total worth of this hackintosh is ¥2876 ($398 USD)
文件说明 Files and folders
File |
Comments |
EFI-installer |
安装盘所用 for USB-sitck Installer |
EFI-UHD-working |
仅集显专用 for iGPU-only system |
EFI-hless-r24-ag5500xt-ss5700-RTC-acpi-wake |
双显可用 iGPU+dGPU |
Tools/VDADecoderChecker |
Mac下检测硬件加速工作状态。Opencore上的那一份不好使,段错误,这个是其他渠道下载的,实测可用 |
Tools/gfxutil |
Mac下检测图形设备PCIE路径信息gfxutil -f GFX0 |
Tools/forbit-sleep.sh |
关闭所有自动休眠睡眠,仅锁屏后熄灭屏幕 |
Chinese and English introductions are provided below:
中文文档 Readme
如果有dGPU 5700xt独显:
- 安装U盘中,可以使用
EFI-installer
,其中已经匹配好了华硕Z370M-Plus-II主板的USB端口。
- USB3 gen1 使用了主板上的
U31G1_34
,另一个空置未使用。
- 机箱USB口接的
USB1314
- 安装过程屏幕可直接插5700XT。
- 安装好后,可以使用
EFI-hless-r24-ag5500xt-ss5700-RTC-acpi-wake
替代系统EFI,实测48小时工作无故障。
- 请删除EFI文件夹的后缀名,只保留
EFI
,本仓库的后缀只为方便标注辨别。
如果没有dGPU,仅有CPU iGPU核显UHD630
- 安装好后,可以使用
EFI-UHD-working
代替系统EFI,注意文件夹应重命名为EFI
再使用。
- 实测24小时工作无故障。
- UHD630可以带动4k屏,如果想要4K60FPS,需要主板的HDMI/DP接口支持。主要瓶颈是主板接口规格。
目前的体验 Current performance
- [x] Apple ID 登录正常
- [x] iCloud 全部服务正常,AppStore正常。
- [x] AriDrop 正常
- [x] 西部数据SSD完全正常
- [x] 锁屏解锁体验正常
- [x] 开关机流程顺畅,工作正常。无
safe-mode
警告。
- [x] Chrome浏览器正常,看视频正常,必须关闭其硬件加速。Safari浏览器不正常,鉴于我用Chrome,无所谓。
- [x] USB口均正常。
- [x] 蓝牙连音响、连键盘正常
- [x] 蓝牙/有线连妙控板2正常
- [x] 锁屏熄屏正常。主机不睡眠,锁屏后自动休停屏幕,体验正常。
- [x] 速度完爆一切macbook pro,同时开20个sketch大文件画图,完全流畅毫无卡顿。
- [x] 自购SSD太划算了,Nvme 1TB才三百来块,速度快的飞起,反观Apple,无语。
- [ ] 深度睡眠hibernate不正常,已禁止任何睡眠,之后一切正常。
- [ ] 浅睡唤醒Darkwake不正常,已禁止任何睡眠,之后一切正常。
详细说明 Details
- 关于BIOS
- 关闭vt-d
- 关闭usb s5唤醒
- 关闭快速启动
- 关闭安全启动
- 关闭串口
- 关闭网络唤醒等各类唤醒
- 启动类型=其他操作系统
- 关闭 Resizable Bar
- 开启大于4G寻址
- 北桥-开启核显
- 北桥-核显分配内存=1024MB
- 北桥-首选显卡=自动
- 开启内存XMP
- 其他更细致的设定,请遵循Opencore针对Coffeelake-CPU的建议
- 关于USB安装盘
- 使用了USB3盘,镜像加载速度明显提升。
- 从mac上下载了Ventura的安装dmg,大小12GB,在mac下使用命令制作了完整系统的安装U盘
- 尝试过Opencore推荐的macrecovery小镜像,只有673MB,但是完整系统需要联网下载,网速越来越慢,要至少48小时,中国区果友可以直接放弃这种在线安装思路。
- 关于主板USB口
- 使用
USBToolBox.kext
,UTBMap.kext
映射端口
- 如果你插的主板口不是我提到的
U31G1_34
和USB1314
,则应该自行下载 USBToolBox
的程序工具,重新映射端口,并生成你自己的 UTBMap.kext
,替换本仓库EFI中的 UTBMap.kext
。
- 调整USB修正睡眠:根据 @a461168837 的经验,需使用Hackintool把网卡使用的主板USB端口设置成内置设备internal,才能完美睡眠。感谢 @a461168837。
关于AMD 5700XT显卡的特别说明
-
AMD RX 5000全系和部分6000系列显卡被报告有大量原厂故障缺陷 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-
RX5000 系列显卡经常有绿屏死机、开浏览器卡死/绿屏死机的问题
-
AMD显卡绿屏死机问题在全新白苹果/黑苹果/Win11/Win10/Win7下都有大量发生。
-
AMD绿屏的原因:
- AMD驱动问题:较为多见,一些Win案例降级为早期驱动解决。一些Win案例安装了AMD网吧专区的网吧驱动解决。一些Win案例彻底重装驱动解决。
- AMD驱动-Mac特定驱动问题:Mac的驱动适配臭名昭著,Vega风扇门事件就暴露出其糊弄的本性。Mac下调用AMD显卡的硬件编解码功能,经常会出问题,直接导致显卡宕机,绿屏死机。经我测试,Ventura黑苹果下,只要在Safari/Chrome浏览器中调用了5700XT的硬件解码,5秒内立刻绿屏死机,症状确定性极强,就是图像/视频硬件解码崩溃。通过关闭浏览器硬件解码,可直接避免AMD显卡硬件解码的诸多问题。
- 硬件设计问题:AMD显卡功耗稳定性口碑一直都很差,有大量案例报告AMD显卡瞬时功率会上下飘忽好几倍,电流拉取落差极大,取电特性和过山车一样极不稳定。一部分“AMD掉驱动”就和此现象有关,骤发高电流超过了电源荷载能力,导致显卡掉电reset,驱动识别不到了,其实本质是掉显卡,而不是掉驱动,一些案例通过购买超规格电源解决,比如200瓦的AMD显卡配750瓦金牌电源,有些案例从此就再也没出过异常。
- 制造商问题:AMD功耗稳定性设计较差的前提下,如果制造商的BIOS调教差/制造工艺不佳或散热不佳,高负荷下产生突发过温或电流脉冲,即会导致电子故障。一些案例通过刷低端BIOS解决,一些通过修改BIOS频率降频解决,一些通过在黑苹果中仿冒为5700W或RX5500解决,一些案例通过采用低端的AGPM显卡供电配置文件来解决。
- HDMI适配问题:AMD显卡对HDMI兼容缺陷是一个已知问题,AMD官方今年与HDMI协商共建2.1开源驱动,疑似是为了解决某些HDMI兼容问题,但遭到HDMI方面拒绝。很多案例报告AMD显卡就是在HDMI线上绿屏,换成DP线后再也没出现过。考虑到DP协议是完全开放免费的,可能AMD对其进行信号优化会更容易。
- 线材本身问题:很多案例报告HDMI换更高端HDMI,也能消除绿屏;也有个别案例报告DP出现绿屏,但换成HDMI却不绿屏了。本文认为最可能的解释是AMD对信号同步/失同的控制矫正机制做的并不好,在遇到电阻大、接口松、端阻不等、线过长、噪声错误等情况时不能正确reset,更换端阻统一、抗噪更强的高级线材确实能掩盖硬件容错差的问题。
- 常见二手显卡故障:显存虚焊,或核心虚焊,温度高时板材形变,导致触点断连,显卡信号立刻失常失序,从而绿屏/花屏/黑屏死机。一些案例送修加焊解决,寄修费用总共200~300元。如果是矿卡,在潮湿自然风冷环境下电容电阻都会锈蚀,某一天会直接断触,更换对应电阻电容、周边芯片解决,费用200元左右。
-
本人折腾Ventura+5700xt绿屏的关键经验结论:
- 首先Win11+HDMI,压力全过,长测全正常。显存覆盖全正常。
- MacOS Ventura原状态,系统操作全正常,一旦开浏览器,10秒内绿屏,100%复现,严重故障。
- 弃用Safari,改用Chrome,能坚持5分钟,绿屏。
- 关闭Chrome硬件加速:浏览器30分钟后绿屏。
-rad24
配合GPU电源管理AGPM5500XT方案
,坚持1.5小时后绿屏。
-rad24
配合AGPM5500XT
再配合5700XT-SSDT
,坚持14小时,未绿屏,停测。
-rad24
+AGPM5500XT
+5700XT-SSDT
+acpi-wake
,HDMI线,坚持50小时后,绿屏死机。
- 上述配置,改用DP线,坚持5小时,绿屏现象消失,变为黑屏,未关机,但也无反应。
- 关闭所有睡眠+使用显卡DP二号口,正在测试中,截至目前,已工作16小时。
- [ ] 绿联DP线在路上,待测。
- [ ] 修改显卡BIOS,限制频率,待测。
- [ ] 备选版本 12-Monterey 已下载,待测。
-
关于5700xt的其他经验分享:
- Win11下AISuit自动超频8600K CPU,会导致Win崩溃+花屏+重启雪花屏+反复重启花屏。需重置BIOS+消除华硕超频设定,方能恢复正常。
- Win11下使用AMD Adrenalin,对5700XT降压,会导致Win11崩溃+雪花屏死机。DDU重装驱动恢复默认设置后正常。
- Win11下使用5700XT的备用2号BIOS,也降压,会导致Win11崩溃+绿屏死机。DDU+恢复1号BIOS后重回正常。
- 5700XT蓝宝石的两份BIOS完全相同,大小和MD5均完全相同,而且与TechPowerup的网传5700XT官方BIOS也完全相同。即便这样,二号BIOS也会崩溃,而一号BIOS+Win11完全正常。
config.plist 详细说明
Key |
Value |
Details |
Booter->Quirks |
|
|
DevirtualiseMmio |
False |
解决AsusZ370m卡EB-stall黑屏 |
EnableWriteUnprotector |
True |
解决AsusZ370m卡EB-stall黑屏 |
ProtectUefiServices |
False |
Z370:false 不需要 |
SetupVirtualMap |
True |
解决AsusZ370m卡EB-stall黑屏 |
SyncRuntimePermissions |
False |
解决AsusZ370m卡EB-stall黑屏 |
DeviceProperties->Add |
|
|
PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x14,0x0) |
acpi-wake-type=01 |
辅助睡眠秒醒,无效 |
PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1b,0x0) |
layout-id=01000000 |
I219V支持layout-1 |
PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x2,0x0) |
AAPL,ig-platform-id=0300913E |
iGPU仅计算 |
Kernel->Quirks |
|
|
AppleCpuPmCfgLock |
True |
解决AsusZ370m卡EB-stall黑屏 |
AppleXcpmCfgLock |
True |
解决AsusZ370m卡EB-stall黑屏 |
DisableIoMapper |
True |
确保vt-d不影响, just in case. |
DisableRtcChecksum |
True |
辅助开机safe mode问题 有效 |
XhciPortLimit |
True |
解决引导中途停止问题 solves booting stalls |
NVRAM->7C436110-AB2A-4BBB-A880-FE41995C9F82 |
|
|
boot-args |
-v |
详细log |
boot-args |
keepsyms=1 |
详细log |
boot-args |
debug=0x100 |
详细log |
boot-args |
agdpmod=pikera |
5700XT必须,否则引导黑屏 |
boot-args |
-rad24 |
开启后绿屏死机得到明显缓解 helps avoid green screen crash |
PlatformInfo->Generic |
|
|
SystemProductName |
iMac19,1 |
适合5700xt+8代CPU |
UEFI->AFPS |
|
|
MinDate |
0 |
解决引导卡死 solves booting stallssolves booting stalls |
MinVersion |
0 |
解决引导卡死 solves booting stalls |
UEFI->Quirks |
|
|
EnableVectorAcceleration |
True |
解决开机引导卡死 solves booting stalls |
ReleaseUsbOwnership |
True |
解决安装重启卡死 solves rebooting stalls |
ResizeGpuBars |
-1 |
开着不好使,关了反正好使 |
UnblockFsConnect |
False |
解决安装重启卡死 solves rebooting stalls |
重要提示与故障问题解答 Key hints and QA
- 强烈推荐,强烈推荐买一个单独的SSD,装一个windows,128G足够了,二手价格在36元左右,一个硬独立双系统windows几乎能帮你解决所有遇到的问题。可以说如果没有这份单独的128G+win11,我是无法在华硕z370m-plusII上安装配置成功的。
- 新手安装黑苹果时,一定会需要依赖黑苹果主机硬件信息,比如映射USB,调整CPU供电,调整显卡型号参数,调试核显,根据主板内的SSDT来解决bug等等,所以在黑苹果机上装一个windows,上述操作将变得非常非常轻松。
- 5700XT连屏幕,遭遇了显示器绿屏,全屏绿,崩溃死机
- 我遇到了,解决了,全部方法分享如下:
- 先验证显卡是否良好
- 如果显卡在windows下也绿屏或花屏崩溃
- AMD驱动问题,可以下载老版本驱动,或者进AMD官网-网吧专区,下载网吧驱动,有网友报告问题解决。
- HDMI线材与协议问题,AMD显卡对HDMI兼容缺陷是一个已知问题,AMD官方今年与HDMI协商共建开源驱动,疑似是为了解决HDMI兼容问题,但遭到HDMI方面拒绝。
- 显卡显存虚焊,或显卡核心虚焊,寄修费用预估200~300。
- 如果仅在macos下出现各类故障:
- 使用Catalina 10.15.1-19B88,可稳定适配5700XT,EFI与教程请见OC-EFI-Z370M-5700XT-Catalina
- 更换RX580显卡,目前8G版二手售价约为240元。
How to use: Readme!
How to solve GPU problems: Collection of AMD RX 5xxx XT problems & solutions
Encountered with numerous 5700XT issues, I have collected/tried many relevant solutions. And here a collection is made to faciliate hackintosh usage for users with similar confusions.
- Are AMD RX 5000 series good?: Maybe far from perfect. Quite a lot of issues were put online addressing GPU flaws and abnormal behaviours on Apple products and Hackintosh systems 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 etc. I owned many GPUs and from which I found Windows+Nvidia seems to be actually a bit more stable indeed.
- Green screen crash/death, browser crash/stall/death/panic problems are frequently reported for RX5000 series products, which can be easily found on the internet.
- Such green screen death problems happens across systems, no matter Apple/Hackintosh/Win11/Win10 nor Win7, with lots of detailed cases. But here we will focus on Hackintosh.
- Main causes of AMD GPU green screen death/crash:
- AMD Driver flaws: commonly seen problem. Down-grading drivers solves for some cases. Internet cafe drivers also solves in some cases AMD-icafe-drivers
- MacOS specific AMD driver flaws: It is known that Apple may not be that rigorous on its OS implementation. (such as what happend to vegas fans...). Bugs can happen when hardware acceleration/decoding is invoked in MacOS, causing the GPU to stall and crash to green screen. From my testings, invocation of 5700xt's hardware decoding from Chrome/Safari lead to green-crash within about 10 seconds. Hence, disabling hardware-acceleration may greatly improve browsing stability. I personally verified it.
- Possible flaws in AMD hardware design: Negataive comments has been put to AMD GPUs for years, complaining its power-instability and weird instant power consumption. Some describe it as "driver failure" which may be indeed hardware failure leading to GPU-offline. In some cases, a way powerful PSU solves this problem once for all. Such as installing a 750W PSU for a 200W AMD-GPU.
- Manufacturer's fault: With a potentially under-designed GPU, if the manufacturer also subtly jerry-build the cooling parts and/or BIOS presets, exceptional resistence and current under heat may cause electronic failure. Some managed to resolve using a modified BIOS with lower core-frequency and/or GDDR-frequency. There are other successful cases by spoofing GPU model such as 5700W-spoof-up or RX5500-spoof-down. Adopting a downgraded AGPM-power-config sometime works also.
- Possible compability issue using HDMI: AMD tried talk to HDMI forum on a opensource HDMI2.1 driver and got rejected. This seems to me an effort to imporve certain experience using HDMI. Afterall, there already exists plenty of complains on glitchs/noises/green-screen using HDMI with AMD GPUs. Many reporting switching to DisplayPort plugs sometime solved issue.
- Bad quality of video-cable: In many cases, replacing cheap HDMI with a branded&costy one can also solve green-screen crash. Some individuals even report green-screen under DP solved by a better HDMI cable. I think a more resonable explaination is that AMD GPUs performs unsatisfactorily when dealing with noise-corrupted signals and off-sync signals generated by inconsistent resistence/long bad wire/poor plug/noise signal infiltration .etc
- Common issues on second-hand GPUs: On a repaired GPU or mining GPU, underlying solder defects may cause chip-pins to detach at higher temperature. Subsequent signal off-sync can therefore cause green-screen/noise-screen/black-screen. Some high quality cases report re-soldering completely solves the crash issue, costing about $50.
For what I've tested:
- All good under Win11.
- Ventura: Chrome stands 5mins longer than Safari before crashing.
- Turning off browser HW acceleration helps. 30min green crash.
- WEG -rad24 + AGPM5500XT helps. 1.5h crash.
- -rad24 + AGPM5500XT + 5700XT-SSDT helps. Lasts 50h using HDMI before crashing.
- Change to DP, No green screen ever! Turns to Black-screen-crash instead. Emm progress.
- More testing in queue.
More on my 5700XT sapphire Nitro+:
- If I over clock intel 8600k using AISuit under Win11, everything crash into pieces. Resetting motherboard bios brings things back together.
- If I under-volt 5700XT using Adrenalin in Win11, boom noise crash. DDU brings me back.
- Select and use BIOS-2 in 5700XT, under-volt the GPU causing Win11 crashes + GreenScreen. DDU+BIOS1 brings back. But BIOS2 crash in furmark.
- MD5 of BIOS1 and BIOS2 are identical, but BIOS1 works while BIOS2 failed.
- Wonderful, doing everything just to use Sketch.app
Appendix