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teslamotors / informed

A lightweight framework and utility for building powerful forms in React applications
https://teslamotors.github.io/informed
MIT License
956 stars 173 forks source link

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Informed

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Introduction

Say hello to the best React form library you have ever used! Informed is an extensive, simple, and efficient solution for creating basic to complex forms in React. Out of the box you get the ability to grab and manipulate values, validate fields, create custom inputs, multi-step forms, array fields, and much much more!

Oh and YES WE USE HOOKS!

Getting Started

Install with npm
npm install --save informed

Live Examples / Docs

Docs Docs

What Can it do ?

See for yourself.

By default it comes with native dom inputs that are controlled by informed.

import { Form, Input, Select, Checkbox, Relevant, Debug } from 'informed';

const onSubmit = ({ values }) => console.log(values);

const ExampleForm = () => (
  <Form onSubmit={onSubmit}>
    <Input name="name" label="Name" placeholder="Elon" />
    <Input name="age" type="number" label="Age" required="Age Required" />
    <Input name="phone" label="Phone" formatter="+1 (###)-###-####" />
    <Select name="car" label="Car" initialValue="ms">
      <option value="ms">Model S</option>
      <option value="m3">Model 3</option>
      <option value="mx">Model X</option>
      <option value="my">Model Y</option>
    </Select>
    <Checkbox name="married" label="Married?" />
    <Relevant when={({ formState }) => formState.values.married}>
      <Input name="spouse" label="Spouse" />
    </Relevant>
    <button type="submit">Submit</button>
    <Debug />
  </Form>
);

Feature List

informed was designed to support many important features

Creating Your Own Fields

But what if you dont want the out of the box stuff??

No problem, see example below!

import { useForm, useField, Relevant, FormState } from 'informed';

// Step 1. Build your form component ---------------------

const Form = ({ children, ...rest }) => {
  const { formController, render, userProps } = useForm(rest);

  return render(
    <form noValidate {...userProps} onSubmit={formController.submitForm}>
      {children}
    </form>
  );
};

// Step 2. Build your input components --------------------

const Input = props => {
  const { render, informed, userProps, ref } = useField({
    type: 'text',
    ...props
  });
  const { label, id, ...rest } = userProps;
  return render(
    <>
      <label htmlFor={id}>{label}</label>
      <input id={id} ref={ref} {...informed} {...rest} />
    </>
  );
};

const Checkbox = props => {
  const { render, informed, userProps, ref } = useField({
    type: 'checkbox',
    ...props
  });
  const { label, id, ...rest } = userProps;
  return render(
    <>
      <label htmlFor={id}>{label}</label>
      <input id={id} ref={ref} {...informed} {...rest} />
    </>
  );
};

const ErrorInput = props => {
  const { render, informed, userProps, fieldState, ref } = useField({
    type: 'text',
    ...props
  });
  const { label, id, ...rest } = userProps;
  const { showError } = fieldState;
  const style = showError ? { border: 'solid 1px red' } : null;
  return render(
    <>
      <label htmlFor={id}>{label}</label>
      <input id={id} ref={ref} {...informed} {...rest} style={style} />
      {showError && <small style={{ color: 'red' }}>{fieldState.error}</small>}
    </>
  );
};

const Select = props => {
  const { render, informed, userProps, ref } = useField({
    type: 'select',
    ...props
  });
  const { label, id, children, ...rest } = userProps;
  return render(
    <>
      <label htmlFor={id}>{label}</label>
      <select id={id} ref={ref} {...informed} {...rest}>
        {children}
      </select>
    </>
  );
};

// Step 3. Build your forms! ---------------------------

const onSubmit = ({ values }) => console.log(values);

const ExampleForm = () => (
  <Form onSubmit={onSubmit}>
    <Input name="name" label="Name" placeholder="Elon" />
    <ErrorInput name="age" type="number" label="Age" required="Age Required" />
    <Input name="phone" label="Phone" formatter="+1 (###)-###-####" />
    <Select name="car" label="Car" initialValue="ms">
      <option value="ms">Model S</option>
      <option value="m3">Model 3</option>
      <option value="mx">Model X</option>
      <option value="my">Model Y</option>
    </Select>
    <Checkbox name="married" label="Married?" />
    <Relevant when={({ formState }) => formState.values.married}>
      <Input name="spouse" label="Spouse" />
    </Relevant>
    <button type="submit">Submit</button>
    <Debug />
  </Form>
);

For Contributors

Design

Informed took the following into consideration when being built:

<Form onSubmit={onSubmit}>
  <Input name="name" label="Name" placeholder="Elon" />
  <Input name="age" type="number" label="Age" required="Age Required" />
  <Input name="phone" label="Phone" formatter="+1 (###)-###-####" />
  <Checkbox name="married" label="Married?" />
  <Relevant when={({ formState }) => formState.values.married}>
    <Input name="spouse" label="Spouse" />
  </Relevant>
  <Debug />
</Form>

Terminology

const path = 'state.values.friends[1].brother.name';

Layout

This project cotains three important directories, src, vitedocs, and __tests__

Note: some things were left out as they are not super important or are going to be deprecated or removed in future.

project_root
│
├── index.d.ts        # all of informeds types live here
│
├── src               # all of informeds source code lives here ( except types index.d.ts )
│   ├── components        # React Components
│   ├── hooks             # Hooks
│   ├── Context.js        # Internal Contexts used in this library
│   ├── debug.js          # Basically the https://github.com/visionmedia/debug library but shrunk down
│   ├── fieldMap.js       # Default field adapter, used when working with schema forms
│   ├── index.js          # all external exports ( everything exposed to users )
│   ├── ObjectMap.js      # internal data structure for manipulating the form state objects
│   ├── FormController.js # The brains behind the library, this controls basically everything :)
│   └── utils.js          # Any utilities used throughout this project
│
├── vitedocs          # All the informed docs build via vite ( instead of storybook which was old way )
│   ├── App.jsx           # basic react app with react-router
│   ├── Header            # top nav of the docs
│   ├── hooks             # helper hooks for docs
│   ├── Nav               # side nav of the docs
│   ├── Pages             # main level pages of the app
│   │   ├──ApiReference       # Self explanitory :)
│   │   ├──Examples           # Examples of all sorts of usecases
│   │   ├──GettingStarted     # Also Self explanitory :)
│   │   └──Playground.jsx     # Uses Sandpack to allow users to test any of the examples
│   │
│   ├── SideBySide.jsx    # helper component for showing code example and output side by side
│   ├── index.css         # documentation styles
│   ├── prism.css         # styles for code blocks
│   └── ...               # other stuff
│
└── __tests__           # extensive unit testing
    ├── components      # tests for informed components
    ├── hooks           # tests for informed hooks
    ├── ObjectMap.test  # tests for the internal data structure
    ├── Schema.test     # tests for usage of JSON schema rendered forms
    └── utils.test      # tests for interanal library utilites

Key Components

FormController

FormController is the brains of informed, it holds the state object and is responsible for:

ObjectMap

ObjectMap is the internal data structre that is responsible for managing the internal state object. Reads and writes all go through this data structure. Example:

// State object
const state = { values: {} };

// Set the states values first friends brothers age to 30
ObjectMap.set(state.values, 'friends[0].brothers.age', 30);

useField

useField is the first class citizen of informed, its responsible for registering a field by name to the FormController.

Context

Thouh there is not explicitly a component called Context here the concept is KEY to understanding informed. Context alows us to register fields in a highly nested structure and allows us to do wild things such as scoping.

Architecture Diagram

Below depicts the core to how this library works. Form controller is the master of all form elements and everyone else just subscribes to events that it triggers. The events can be caused by function calls from elsewhere. In the example below we depict what happens when a user types in an "H" in the name field

Code:
<Form>
  <Input name="name" /> {/* --> useField("name") --> useFieldState("name") */}
  <Debug /> {/* --> useFormState() */}
</Form>
Diagram: ( when user types the letter "H" )
     +----------------+
     | FormController | < ──────────────────────────────────────────
     |   state {}     |                                             │
     +-------+--------+                                             │
             │                                                      │
             │ event("field", "name")                               │
             v                                                      │
    +-------------------+                                           │
    |    Event System   | ────────────────                          │
    +--------+----+-----+                 │                         │
             │                            │                         │
             │ event("field", "name")     │ event("field", "name")  │ setValue("H")
             │                            │                         │
             v                            v                         │
    +-------------------+       +------------------------+          │
    |   useFormState()  |       |  useFieldState("name") |          │
    +-------------------+       +------------------------+          │
             ^                            ^                         │
             │ uses                       │ uses                    │
             │                            │                         │
    +-------------------+       +------------------------+          │
    |      <Debug />    |       |    useField("name")    | ─────────
    +-------------------+       +------------------------+
                                          ^
                                          │ uses
                                          │
                                +------------------------+
                                | <Input name="name" />  |
                                +------------------------+

Types ( Type Script )

I know, I know the types kinda suck. I personally dont use typescript so I have had to rely on other TS wizard devs to help maintain the types. When trying to type very complex objects such as FormState especially parts like FormState.values which can literally be an object that conatins anything there are lots of opinions on how to properly type it. Im activly seeking help here.

Documentation

As stated earlier, docs now live in the vitedocs directory. Its called vitedocs because I migrated them from storybook to now use a custom singe page react app built with vite... pernounced "veet" by the way :)

What to expect

Most of the docs contain examples where each example has a directory.

For example, if you look at the vitedocs/Pages/GettingStarted/CarColors you will find the CarColors.jsx file. This file contains the page that gets shown ( whatever info you want to show on that page ) and then the example itself.

Because we use vite, we can take advantage of the fact that vite can import both a react component normally, and also the raw text from that file! Therefore creating examples is as simple as this!

Note how we make use of the SideBySide component to render our code and example

import Example from './Example';
import exampleCode from './Example.jsx?raw';

//... other stuff
<SideBySide
  leftHeader={<h3>Example: </h3>}
  rightHeader={<h3>Code:</h3>}
  left={<Example />}
  right={<Code links input1={exampleCode} />}
/>;

TODO/Improvements