This is a GEANT4 based simulation of different optical modules currently in use and to be deployed in future in IceCube Neutrino Observatory in South Pole. Currently available optical modules for simulation are MDOM, LOM16, LOM18, PDOM, D-Egg, WOM (currently under development). Except for WOM, the optical module simulation was initially written by M. Unland and C. Lozano, and later they were modified by me. The simulation also contains detailed depth dependent ice properties under antarctic ice sheet and it can simulation 404040 cubic meter of ice at different temperature. Currently, it can simulate positron and electron flux from CCSN neutrinos, background radioactivity inside pressure vessel of MDOM, LOMs, and D-Egg, and photon wave with different Zenith Angle. It also accepts SNEWPY neutrino flux models in a python program called "merger" and use sntools to simulate the positron and electron flux from ibd and enees interactions.
-Make sure you have Geant4 installed in your local machine.
This will generate a binary executable under the "/path_to_bulkice_doumeki/mdom/build/" directory.
Events can be simulated in two different ways. One is using the Visualization driver OpenGL, where you can see the detector geometry and the particle interaction, but it has limited capabilities in terms of visualizing a large number of particles. Another way is running it in batch mode, where you can simulate a realistic number of events easily.
Visualization is currently under development, so limited functionality is available. You can only visualize a plane wave of optical photons at an user-defined angle and their interaction with the WOM module. In order to do that:
- Type **"./bulkice\_doumeki [om model] [interaction channel] [depth index] [output folder] [run id]"**
- Available OM Models: [dom, mdom, lom16, lom18, pmt, degg, wom]
- Available interaction channels: [ibd, enees, all, radioactivity]
- Example run: " **./bulkice\_doumeki mdom ibd 88 output 0**"om model:
Available Optical Module models in the simulation. For now, they are MDOM, WOM, DOM, DEGG, LOM16, and LOM18
interaction channel:
Possible interaction the input particles might have in the volume. If we are injecting positron flux, the possible interaction is ibd (Inverse Beta Decay). If we are injecting an electron flux, the possible interaction would be enees (Electron-Neutrino Electron Elastic Scattering). If someone wants both interactions to happen simultaneously, the channel would be all.
One could be interested in studying the angular sensitivity of the detector to optical photons. Therefore, they have to use the opticalphoton interaction channel. More on this later.
depth index:
The ice property varies with depth, and each depth is denoted by a depth index in the range [0, 108]. For example, 2.2Km depth has an index of 88. The depth indexes for each depth are given in this table:
DEPTH INDEX TABLE
output folder
By default, the output folder would be in the build directory of the simulation. If the user wants to dump the output data to a separate directory, they can provide the full path to the directory on the command line. An example with a full path would be: " ./bulkice_doumeki mdom ibd 88 /home/waly/dump/ 0".
run id:
Each run can be assigned an unique run id by the user. It is mainly to keep track of the files while running multiple runs in batch mode. One can set it to whatever integer number they like.
distance from detector center:
This option is available for simulating plane wave of photons only. It let's the user define a distance (in meters) from the center of the detector from where the photon wave will be generated.
angle, start angle finish angle, increment:
This is for simulating a plane wave of photons where the wave vector makes a specific angle with the detector surface.
If one wants to simulate a plane wave only at one angle, they might specify only the angle in degree.
If one simulates a range of angles with a specific step size, they might specify that start angle, final angle and the increment (step size). All are in degrees.
Advanced Features:
\<To be available soon>
NB: I am still in the process of building and debugging it. Especially, running the simulation in parallel with sntools to have new positron and electron flux each time is still under development and will be updated soon. Nevertheless, please feel free to share any suggestion, criticism, or thoughts. My email: wkarim@u.rochester.edu slack: Waly M Z Karim