Python-algorithms

efficient algorithms for general tasks with good time complexity.

To send a Pull-request:

• Check our contribution guidelines in CONTRIBUTING.md
• Star and Fork this repo.
• Clone the repo on your local machine using git clone https://github.com/{your-username}/python-algorithms.git.
• Create a branch git checkout -b your_new_branch_name
• Make required changes then add and commit
  git add.
git commit -m "your commit message"
• Push your changes git push origin your_new_branch_name
• Merge and send a Pull-request.

Referance: Competetive programming with python

bitwise operator not {~} : (a = 10 => 1010 (Binary) => ~a = ~1010 = -(1010 + 1) = -(1011) = -11)

bitwise operator xor {^} : (n^n = 0), (n^0 = n)

bitwise operator rightshift {>>} : (100 >> 2 = 25)

bitwise operator leftshift {<<} : (100 << 2 = 400)

sum of first n numbers:O(1)

def sum_total(n):
    return int(n*(n+1)/2)

LCM/GCD:(Euclid's algorithm)

def gcd(a,b):
    if a == 0:
        return b
    return gcd(b%a,a)

def lcm(a,b):
    prod = a*b
    hcf = gcd(a,b)
    return prod//hcf

Odd-Even:O(1)

if n&1 == 1:
    print('odd')
else:
    print('even')

Leftshift(multiply) / Rightshift(divide) by 2ⁿ:O(1)

def multpow(x,y):
    return x<<y  # x*(2^y)
def divpow(x,y):
    return x>>y # x/(2^y)

Check if a number is power of 2:O(1)

def ispow(n):
    if n <= 0:
        return False
    x = n
    y = not(n & (n-1))
    return x and y

count 1's in binary representation:O(log(n))

def cntbits(n):
    cnt = 0
    while n:
        cnt += 1
        n = n & (n-1)
    return cnt

convert int to binary / binary to int:O(1)

def inttobin(n):
    return str(bin(n))[2:]

def bintoint(m):
    return int(m,2)

check which number occurs once(or odd number of times/doesn't has it's unique identical element) in an array:O(n)

def checkpair(arr): # n -> aray
    temp = arr[0]
    for i in range(1,len(arr)):
        temp = temp ^ arr[i]
    return temp